Bailong Temple

Bailong Temple

Bailong temple is located at the top of Hangwu mountain, Dongen village, Guali Town, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province. It was built between 1066 and 1070 in Xining year of Northern Song Dynasty. It is said that master Longguang traveled around the mountain and saw a white dragon on the mountain, so he built a cottage on it. In the third year of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1133), the temple was built.

Bailong temple, for Guanyin, Bailong, hence the name "Bailong Temple". In the early morning of February 1, 2014 (the second day of the first month of the Jiawu lunar year), part of the Bailong temple on the top of Hangwu mountain was burned, and what was destroyed was the most core building of the Ming Dynasty as a cultural relic protection unit.

Brief introduction to temples

Bailong temple, built in the early Jiading period of Qing Dynasty, was once a hermit of Jinshi Shen Beihai. Later, it was changed into a Buddhist temple. In the early Qing Dynasty, Shan Longzhou's poems were called "Dragon King Temple", which was rebuilt in Daoguang. From 20 to 30 years of the Republic of China, the main hall was renovated. The temple is divided into three main halls: the front, the middle and the back, with more than 40 rooms including Changsheng hall, Liuhe hall, Jietang hall, Jingtang hall, Zen hall, Hakka hall, Zhaitang hall and Baizi hall. There are three halls in front, middle and back, facing south.

Bailong temple, with three back halls, was built in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, with a width of 11 meters and a depth of 9.14 meters. In the Ming Dynasty, there were five beams, two-step corridors, eaves and columns, and stone slabs. The middle hall and the front hall were rebuilt in the reign of Daoguang and Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty. The eastern wall is inlaid with a "reconstruction tablet of Bailong Temple", which records the evolution of the temple.

Bailong temple, on the west side of the Buddha seat of the main hall, is Longqiu, also known as bailongjing. The clear spring gushes out from the crevice of the stone and does not dry all the year round. There is a poem named "climbing Hangwu mountain" written by Sadu Ci, a poet of the Yuan Dynasty, which is called "dragon pool soaking in white clouds". In the Qing Dynasty, Shen Chenglie had a couplet saying, "if the rain of Huayu pours on Longqiu, it will become a fragrant sea only in this mountain; if tanyun comes to Jiuling, try Ziwu, that is Cihang.".

Cultural relics protection

Bailong temple is an ancient and complete temple in the eastern part of the city. In May 1983, the people's Government of Xiaoshan County announced it as a cultural relic protection unit. From 1985 to 1990, more than 600000 yuan was invested to repair Bailong temple. In front of the temple, there are wide and flat concrete steps. The doors and windows of the front, middle and back halls on the central axis are carved and decorated as they are. The couplets on the stone pillars are clear and shining. The East and West chambers and ancillary facilities are also improved. It has become a magnificent temple in the east of Xiaoshan City.

Near Bailong temple, with undulating peaks and lush trees, it is a natural scenic spot. Bailong temple is located at the main peak of Hangwu mountain, which is 300 meters above sea level. From the eastern foot of Hangwu, there are more than 1300 stone steps. The temple now belongs to the forest area of Dongen village.

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Layout structure

Bailong temple is a stage of a fallen tower. In the old days, it was the place where "the son of the white dragon" performed on the first day of the third lunar month (the second and third days were moved to perform outside the temple). The courtyard in front of the stage is a square pool, symbolizing Longtan. Opposite the stage is the white dragon hall. Inside the hall, there are white Dragon Emperor and Ruan empress idols carved in sandalwood. There are three dragons on the two pillars supporting the main hall and the nave. On the walls inside and outside the hall, there are inscriptions of famous people, Shuigui stele and Gongde stele.

In front of the white dragon hall, the architect has the ingenuity to lead the clear spring water through the kitchen of the temple, which reflects the fairy tale that Ruan's mother was afraid of her only daughter's long-distance marriage and no one to carry water, and the white dragon's good wish to relieve Ruan's worries. Behind the Dragon hall is the "three religions homologous hall".

In Bailong temple, there is a big stone censer standing between the osmanthus and osmanthus trees in the courtyard in front of the temple, and each foot is carved with a lion's head. On the left side of the wall is embedded "Zhai opera big head steward stele", which describes the grand performance of Bailong when he was celebrating his birthday. On the right side of the wall is embedded the "stele of merit and virtue of the White Dragon Temple" erected by Yang Tiancheng in the 13th year of Yongzheng reign of the Qing Dynasty. The last floor of the temple is Guanyin hall. On both sides of the white dragon hall and the stage are wing rooms. In the old days, there were various kinds of idols in the halls and under the wing buildings.

Historical evolution

According to the records of Kuaiji annals of Ming Dynasty, Bailong temple is located on the top of Hangwu mountain, 40 Li southeast of Xiaoshan City. The mountain is adjacent to Qiantang River in the north, and Haining county is expected to reach the top. Hangwu mountain is also known as "wangclimb mountain".

It is said that Gou Jian, the king of Yue, went to war with the king of Wu. He needed to find a mountain with 100 hills to build the King City of Yue. When he reached the top of Hangwu mountain, there were only 99 hills several times in a row. He forgot to join him and stood on the top of the mountain. So he gave up the plan of training troops in Hangwu mountain. Later, the king of Yue defeated the king of Wu. The local people in this mountain are called "Wang Bu mountain" until now. According to the records of Shaoxing Prefecture of Qianlong, "the Bailong temple is located on the top of Hangwu mountain. The temple was built in the third year of Shaoxing in the Song Dynasty (1133 AD). There is a Bailong well in it, which does not dry up all the year round, so it is called Bailong temple. Wu Yue Qian, King Wusu, stationed his troops here. In the 32nd year of the Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty, Tang kekuan and Hu Zongxian, the chief soldiers, smashed the Japanese pirates here. " According to yueduo daily, "Bailong temple was founded in the early years of Zhao Zongjia's reign (1208 A.D.) as a hermit of Jinshi, Mr. Shen Beihai. Later, it was rebuilt into a Buddhist temple with a statue of Guanyin in it. It's an ancient temple with outstanding people and excellent land. "

Related allusions

According to the existing temple stele "reconstruction stele of Bailong Temple" (written by Shen Chenglie in the eighth year of Tongzhi reign of the Qing Dynasty), "during the Xining period of the great Song Dynasty, master long Guang traveled around the mountain and saw that there was a white dragon on the mountain, so he built a temple on it and worshipped the master Guanyin and the statue of the white dragon. Therefore, the name of Bailong temple is what it is." According to Xining, it is the year number of Shenzong in Northern Song Dynasty (1068-1077). The above three statements are the earliest and most practical inscriptions, so it is determined that the construction of Bailong temple was in the Xining period of the Song Dynasty.

Around 1980, the local government appropriated funds to close the mountain for afforestation. A memorial archway and a road up the mountain were built. The Bailong temple was renovated. The front steps of the mountain gate were rebuilt and four antique road pavilions were built. In 2005, Bailong Temple spent a lot of money to build the fourth entrance "Daxiong hall". More than half of the road up the mountain has been widened and rebuilt into a stone road. The local government has allocated millions of yuan to build a mountain road from the bottom of the mountain to the top of the mountain, which is expected to be completed and opened to traffic by June 2006. A large area of camphor trees are planted beside the road. Hundreds of people go to the mountain for morning exercises every morning. There are many tourists at ordinary times. There is a beautiful scenery, beautiful scenery, shady trees and fresh air. The Bailong temple, a thousand year old temple, looks like a new look, which makes it glow with the glory of the past. Every year, the Spring Festival and lunar February 19, June 19 and September 19 are the birthdays of "Guanyin". Tens of thousands of people go to the mountains to burn incense. The incense is exuberant, showing a prosperous scene of peace and stability of the country. It will become a new tourist attraction in our district.

architectural art

Bailong temple has a long history and has gone through many vicissitudes. According to the reconstruction inscriptions, it was last built in 1831. It has been 166 years since the reconstruction. The front hall is an ancient building of the Qing Dynasty. The stone and wood carvings in the temple reflect the architectural art of the Qing Dynasty.

Bailong temple is located at the top of Hangwu mountain, 298 meters above sea level. There are stone paths winding up from the bottom of the mountain, with a total of 1886 steps. There are two road pavilions, two Toulu pavilions and one Erlu pavilions in the middle of the way for people to rest in the middle of the mountain. Between the two road pavilions, there are two handrails because of the dangerous road. After walking through the two road pavilions, the terrain is flat, with dense forests on both sides, rare pines and towering ancient trees In front of the temple, there is a bamboo forest, and the Bailong temple is in front of you. The first entrance is nine bays. There is a plaque written by Shen Chenglie on the front door of the temple, which was lost during the cultural revolution. The three rooms on the east side are the temple of wealth, and the three rooms on the west side are baizitang and naohaiguanyin. Among them, a plaque written by Xu Wei, a writer of Ming Dynasty, is missing "Heavy" plaque.

Erjin hall is dedicated to master Guanyin. It is made of Cinnamomum camphora wood of Song Dynasty. Its warm Pavilion is exquisitely carved with nine days of space. In the hall, there are bells and drums for monks to use. There is a plaque of "Weizhen Jiuzhou". The last three rooms are built in the Ming Dynasty, which are dedicated to the three saints and the eighteen Arhats of the West. On both sides, the east side is the zhaifang, the Abbot's room is more than 20, and the west side is the Zen room and the Jingtou room. When the Bailong temple was most prosperous, there were about 100 rooms. The Bailong Temple faces south. There is a "Bailong well" in the main hall of the temple. There are Qius at the back of the temple, which are not dry all the year round. They can provide domestic water for the temple. It is worth noting that every time there is a long drought and no rain, even if the river at the foot of the mountain is exposed and there is no water in the well, the "Bailong well" on the mountain is clear and no rain, but it is not dry. Standing in front of the temple, you can see around, that is, the mountains are undulating, the trees are lush, and the scenery is beautiful. You can see the Qiantang River from the top of the back mountain White sails, take advantage of the wind. Bailong temple has been well preserved, including the front hall, the main hall and the back hall. The two side rooms were partly destroyed in the "Cultural Revolution", which is a relatively intact temple in Xiaoshan. It was designated as a municipal cultural relics protection unit in 1983.

Stone column couplets

There is a couplet on the stone column in the main hall of Bailong temple, whose text is the first couplet: Hua Yu Zhu Longqiu, and the mountain becomes a fragrant sea. The following couplet is: tanyun comes to Ziwu in Jiuling, which is Cihang. This couplet is connected with Gu Dan, who was eight years old in Tongzhi of the Qing Dynasty, and was born in the second year of his own. Shen chenglieshu, who was born in Guali of Xiaoshan, was a scholar of the Imperial Academy.

There is also a book written by Shen Chenglie about the reconstruction of Bailong temple. The inscription is as follows: in Yueji, there is song Xining. Master Longguang traveled around the mountain and saw that there was a white dragon on the mountain. So he built a temple on the mountain and worshipped the statue of Guanyin and Bailong. Therefore, Bailong temple is famous. The Buddha's power and spirit have been responding to it for more than 600 years,

Chinese PinYin : Bai Long Si