Gucheng Island

Gucheng Island

Gucheng Island, located in Heilongjiang Province, 4 kilometers north of Xing'an Town, Mohe County, is the second largest island in Heilongjiang Province, 50 meters away from the Chinese coast and 350 meters away from the Russian coast. It is a famous ancient battlefield in history. In the 17th century, the Sino Russian yakesha war in the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty took place here. On the other side of the island is yakesha City, which is now albagino of Russia. During the battle of yakesha, the Qing army built an earthen City, built a camp and set up a headquarters on the island, which became the bridgehead for the Qing army to recover yakesha.

history

From the end of the 16th century to the beginning of the 17th century, tsarist Russia gradually unified and began to take Siberia and Heilongjiang River Valley in the East as its important targets of invasion and expansion. Since the 1740s, the Tsarist Russian aggressors sent invading forces several times to invade the vast area of Heilongjiang River Basin, and occupied nebuchu (today's Russia nerchensk), Yaksa (today's Russia albagino) and other places to build cities.

In order to consolidate the border defense and counterattack the armed aggression of tsarist Russia, the Qing government, on the one hand, built ships to transport grain, built cities and garrisons to pacify the border people and garrison Heilongjiang forever; on the other hand, it built post stations to convey military information. From 1683 (the 22nd year of Kangxi) to 1685 (the 24th year of Kangxi), the Qing government made all preparations for the self-defense and counterattack of yakesha. In January 1685 (the 24th year of Kangxi reign), the Qing government sent the capital commander Peng Chun and Heilongjiang general sabusu to lead 3000 troops on land and water to start the war of recovering yakesha, which is called the first yakesha war in history. In May, the Qing army arrived at the foot of the city of yakesha. The Russian army was desperate and tolB surrendered to the Qing army. After the Qing army recovered yakesha, they set fire to the castle and all of them returned to Yuanhui.

In September 1685, Russian bandits occupied yakesha again. In June 1686, sabusu was ordered to send 2000 troops and 400 Han troops of eight banners led by Lin Xingzhu to join yakesha again. After five months of siege, the Russian army in the city had lost its resistance, and the city of yakesha was in danger. The Russian czar immediately sent envoys to seek peace, and the two sides stopped fighting for peace talks. Under these favorable conditions, the Qing government showed great sincerity for peace. On September 7, 1689, China and Russia signed the first treaty of equality in history, the Treaty of nebuchu. On behalf of the Qing government, suoetu signed and sealed the treaty texts written in Manchu and Latin respectively. On behalf of the Russian government, Golovin signed and sealed the treaty texts written in Russian and Latin respectively. When exchanging the texts, the two sides vowed: "they will always abide by the matters listed in the treaty and shall not overstep it.".

present situation

The houses in the countryside of Gucheng island are all made of wood. They are unique in style, beautiful in appearance, well insulated and simple in construction. The local people call them "mukeleng" houses. This kind of house is built by alternating pine trees with each other as the walls around the house, without column base. Another way is to line up pine trees as the four walls, leaving the south, West and East windows In addition to the roof truss, the rough tiles and planks of Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica split with axes are used as the rain proof roof. The interior walls are also piled up with pine planks, and then the planks are nailed to the ceiling and floor. The ceiling is piled with sawn insulation, and the two ends of the roof are empty for storage. After the house is built, it is plastered with mud to form a mud wall. But for the sake of beauty, most of them only use mud to wipe the gap between each piece of wood to prevent ventilation. Except for the glass, this kind of house is almost made of wood, which is full of the strong local interest in the forest. These villages built entirely of wood are called "wooden cities".

Address: Heilongjiang middle, about 4 km northeast of Xing'an Township, Mohe County, Heilongjiang Province

Longitude: 126.661669

Latitude: 45.742347

Chinese PinYin : Gu Cheng Dao