Ming Dynasty Mausoleum

Ming Dynasty Mausoleum

Mingqing mausoleum is located at the east foot of Luoshan mountain. It is the mausoleum of Zhu muzhan, the 15th son of the founding emperor Zhu Yuanzhang of Ming Dynasty, and his descendants.

Materials of ancient tombs

According to historical records, there are nine princes and a son of Duanhe, such as king Qingjing, King Qingkang, King Qinghuai, King qingzhuang, King Qinggong, King Qingding, King qingduan, King Qingxian, and the mausoleums of King Zhenning, King Anhua, King Hongnong, King Fenglin, and the accompanying tombs of concubines. Among them, the sun family, the imperial concubine of King Qingjing, was first buried here in 1410, more than 590 years ago.

Brief introduction to the Royal Mausoleum

The beginning of the mausoleum

Zhu Lei, named Ning Zhen, was born in 1378, the 16th son of Zhu Yuanzhang, the emperor of Ming Dynasty.

In the 24th year of Hongwu (1391), he was canonized as the king of Qing, the imperial capital of Ningxia (today's Yinchuan City). In the 9th year of Weizhou, the king of Qing "moved to Ningxia" in the 3rd year of Jianwen (1401).

After Zhu Lei moved to Ningxia, he was very nostalgic for the beautiful Weizhou. In November 1425, the first year of Zong Hongxi's reign, Yu Mingren asked to move the Palace back to Weizhou. Renzong didn't allow it, but only allowed it to "come and go.".

In the third year of Ming Yingzong Zhengtong (1438), Zhu was accused of slander and asked to move to another country to avoid it. Yingzong forbids it. In August of that year, he suffered from three diseases, and his posthumous title was "Jing". On May 13 of the following year, Zhu was buried in the original area of Lishan (now Luoshan) 300 miles away from Ningxia city. There is a palace in the cemetery, which is protected by special personnel. After that, after Zhu's descendants and concubines died, they were also buried in the original Luoshan, gradually forming a large mausoleum area covering 260 square kilometers.

In 1480, Emperor Xianzong of the Ming Dynasty was worried that the tomb of King Qing would be trampled by Tatars. He ordered the general army of Ningxia to send 500 soldiers to guard the tomb all the year round.

Today's situation

In November 1561, the 40th year of Jiajing reign of emperor Shizong of the Ming Dynasty, more than 20000 cavalry of Tatar Ji Neng captured Ningxia and tiezhuquan (now in Yanchi County), went south to Guyuan, and then went down Maguan to Luoshan to "burn and plunder QingWang cemetery, shaking the whole of Shaanxi". Fortunately, the catacombs were not damaged.

In 1644, Li Zicheng's peasant uprising overthrew the rule of the Ming Dynasty. The descendants of King Qing became "criminal people" and went to different places. They no longer had the ability to protect the tombs of their ancestors.

Since then, QingWang mausoleum has experienced two periods: the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China. During this period, there were also grave robbers.

In 1967, in order to use bricks, zhouxinzhuang village of Weizhou commune sent people to demolish a tomb in the southwest of the village. When the Ningxia Museum sent people to arrive, the tomb was empty, leaving only a box of "Ming Qing Jing Wang Kuang Zhi". The epitaph is square and covered, 60 cm long and 30 cm high. There are six characters of "Tomb of King Qingjing of Ming Dynasty" in regular script of Yinwen in the middle of the record cover, and there are cloud dragon patterns around. The chronicle briefly describes Zhu's life and his merits and virtues, such as "making virtue and filial piety, celebrating virtue and following reason". The interior of the tomb is built with polished big blue gray bricks, and the joints are pointed with white ash, which is very fine and tight. The door of the tomb opens to the East (the deceased's head rests on Luoshan mountain and his feet pedal on Qinglong mountain). The tomb is divided into two parts: front and back. There is a matching room on both sides of the back room. The tomb is about 14 meters in length, 13 meters in width, 6 meters in height and has a top. There are two stone gates at the entrance of the tomb, and there were doors between the chambers. The tomb building is strong and spacious.

In 1971, in order to demolish the bricks, the peasants of renzhuangzi village demolished a mausoleum about half a kilometer to the west of the village. The tomb is about 10 meters high and 30 meters in diameter. There is a wall around the mound, and the east wall opens in the middle. The gate of the tomb also faces to the East, and the tomb chamber is larger than that of King Qingjing, which is composed of front, middle and back chambers and two auxiliary halls. There was a wooden door in the tomb gate on the top of the ticket, which had been destroyed by the tomb robbers, but the traces of the door frame can still be identified. There are tall ticket doors between the rooms, and the original wooden doors have been demolished. The back hall is the place where the coffin is placed, and there are shrines on the back wall and the left and right walls. The tomb is about 8 meters high and 25 meters long. The distance between the two halls is about 15 meters. All the tombs were paved with square bricks, and the top was the top of the ticket. The tomb is tall and spacious, which can be called "underground palace". Its shape is exactly the same as that of Zhu Yijun's tomb in Beijing. Unfortunately, due to the late information from the cultural relics department, even the Kuang Zhi of the tomb has not been obtained, so it is still unclear who the owner of the tomb is. However, according to the analysis of the shape of the tomb, the owner of the tomb is one of the kings of Zhu's descendants.

In addition to the large-scale demolition of the two Ming mausoleums, other mausoleums were also robbed. In June 1983, the staff of Ningxia Museum found "the epitaph of Tang family of King Qingjing congfei" in a farmer's home in renzhuangzi village, and then found "the enlarged epitaph of Zhu Shenkuang, King Mingqing" in another farmer's home. According to the two discoveries, both tombs have been excavated. The theft of other tombs is unknown.

In 1998, the Ming mausoleum in Luoshan was listed as a key cultural relic protection unit at the autonomous region level.

Address: Tongxin County, Wuzhong City

Longitude: 106.40665435791

Latitude: 37.316661834717

Chinese PinYin : Ming Wang Ling