Yexian County Government

Yexian County Government

Yexian County Yamen was built in the second year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1369 A.D.), which is the only existing yamen building in ancient China in Ming Dynasty. Located in the East Street of Ye County, Henan Province. The county government of Ye County in Ming Dynasty is not only large-scale and magnificent, but also a Wupin county government. The county government faces south, covering an area of 16848 square meters. The whole building is composed of 41 units and 153 houses on the central axis and the East and west side auxiliary lines. The main buildings are the hall, the second hall, the third hall, the prison room, the kitchen courtyard, the county magistrate's house, the immortal's temple, the xushou hall, the sibuzhai and so on. In 2006, it was listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit.

In February 2020, in order to express gratitude and respect to medical workers, all medical workers across the country (including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) can enter the park free of charge with valid certificates from the resumption of operation of Yexian County Government scenic area to December 31, 2020.

Brief introduction of county government

Yexian County government restoration project was officially started on December 8, 1997, and the main part was opened to the public on October 1, 1999. In July 2001, the county Party committee and the county government decided to comprehensively repair the buildings on the East and west auxiliary lines of the county yamen. After more than one year's intensive construction, 310 houses of 112 households around the county government were demolished, 5 units were demolished, with a total demolition area of nearly 7000 square meters and an investment of 6.4 million yuan. The whole restoration work is strictly in accordance with the principle of repairing the old as before, which better retains the style of Ming and Qing Dynasties. The restored county government consists of the main hall, the second hall, the third hall, the East-West class room, the six branch room, the East-West wing room, the prison, the kitchen, the county magistrate's house, the Xiqun room, the xushou hall, the Sibu room, the North-South library, the back garden and the Da Xian temple. It has 41 units and 153 houses. It is the most complete ancient government office in China.

Since its opening to the outside world on the National Day in 1999, Yexian County Government has received more than 100000 Chinese and foreign tourists and more than 30 provincial and ministerial leaders. The county government of Ye County in Ming Dynasty has become an important window for ye county to open to the outside world. In order to increase the connotation of the county government culture and enhance the ornamental value, Ye County government moved the cultural relics storehouse to the newly completed cultural relics exhibition hall, and selected more than 300 exquisite works from more than 1000 cultural relics in stock for exhibition, among which more than 70 cultural relics are the only rare treasures in the country.

On May 25, 2006, as an ancient building from Ming Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, Yexian County government was approved by the State Council to be listed in the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units. Won the title of national AAA tourist attractions.

Historical evolution

According to historical records, Ye County has set up more than 20 government, state and county-level organizations in history, including Han Guang, Jiancheng, Xiangzhou, Nan'an, Xianzhou, Ye County, Kunyang, Xianfu, Wuyang, rufen, Heshan, Hongyang, etc., but Kunyang (now ye county seat) and ye county (now old county village) are the two main counties. When ye county and Kunyang were merged into Ye County in Tang Dynasty, the county governance was in the present old county village. According to the stone culvert unearthed in Jiuxian village of Yexian County in 1998 in the second year of the Song Dynasty (AD 996), Jiuxian village was the seat of Yexian County at that time.

There is a record in Ye county annals · Jianzhi · Chengchi written by Tongzhi of the Qing Dynasty that ye county was built in the seventh year of Fuchang in the Northern Qi Dynasty, which makes the later successors always fall into a mystery. We can't find out this record by looking up the chronological number of the Northern Qi Dynasty. In fact, the title of the year of Fuchang was the title of wanyansheng, Emperor Taizong of Jin Dynasty, who conquered the Central Plains. At that time, in order to stabilize the people's mind, Emperor Taizong of Jin Dynasty granted Liu Yu, a Han nationality, the puppet emperor in 1130. Liu Yu was founded in Qi Dynasty and was born in Fuchang. At that time, there were many wars in the south. For the convenience of management, the Jin people moved Ye County, which was on the edge of the southern battlefield, from the old county to the present county. Because Liu Yu was the son emperor of the Jin Dynasty and the puppet regime, later generations were ashamed of him and refused to record events with his chronology. According to various data analysis, the address of Ye County in the period of the puppet Qi Dynasty was in the area of the county government, and the central axis was in the east of the county government.

According to Henan Tongzhi, the preserved Yexian County government was built in the second year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty (1369 AD). Under the gate of the county government, there was an inscription on the second Hall of the county government, which was repaired by the magistrate of Ye County during the reign of Tianqi (1621-1628), but it was destroyed during the "Cultural Revolution". In the official office of Ye county annals written by Jiajing of Ming Dynasty, the location and main building facilities of Ye County Government are described in detail: Ye County government is located in the east of the city. The main hall, the curtain hall and the pavilion storehouse are in the west of the hall, the storehouse is in front of the curtain hall, and the official rooms are in front of the hall. The ring stone pavilion is in the gate of the instrument, the drum tower is outside the gate of the instrument, the Yamen temple is in the drum tower, and the dongluanjiaku is in the west of the drum tower. The residence of magistrate is in the north of Tang, the residence of Xiancheng is in the east of Tang, the residence of Zhubo is in the east of Zhixian, and the residence of Dian Shi is in the east of Yimen. Li she two districts: one is in the south of Dian Shi house, the other is in the south of prison. The prison house is in the southwest of the hall, and the stable house is in the northwest of the hall. Shenming Pavilion is in the East and Jingshan Pavilion is in the West. Although the architectural pattern has been adjusted repeatedly, the overall layout has not changed much. For hundreds of years, the county government of Yexian County has been plagued by wars and military disasters, and successive officials have had to constantly repair or rebuild some facilities.

In September 1997, after the founding of new China, the relevant departments specially held a demonstration meeting of Ye County government restoration work in Zhengzhou. More than 20 ancient architecture experts attending the meeting agreed that there were more than 20000 government offices at all levels in ancient China, but only seven of them survived in the world, including only three county offices. Yexian County Office ranked first in terms of architectural age, existing scale and integrity of ancient architecture, which is an important material basis for studying feudal society, especially the county-level political institutions in Ming and Qing Dynasties. On December 8, 1997, the first phase of rush repair of Yexian County government was officially started. In October 1999, the main project was repaired and partially opened to the public.

Architectural pattern

The county government faces south, covering an area of 16848 square meters. The whole building is composed of 41 units and 153 houses on the central axis and the East and west side auxiliary lines. The main buildings are the hall, the second hall, the third hall, the prison room, the kitchen, the county magistrate's house, the immortal's temple, the xushou hall, and the sibuzhai. The main hall, the second Hall and the third hall are all five rooms and seven frames. The roof is covered with blue tiles and animal ridges, and the eaves of the beams and buildings are decorated with green and blue paintings. The main body of the roll shed in front of the lobby is connected by the gutter and the rafters. It is a reflection of the architectural form of high-level county magistrate and an isolated product of ancient Chinese architecture. There are two kitchen rooms, two kitchen rooms, one storage room and three East and west dining rooms in the kitchen. In terms of architectural style, Yexian County Government has a unique architectural form integrating the north and South architectural styles. Due to its location in the Central Plains, the architectural style of Yexian County Yamen follows the symmetrical courtyard type architectural structure layout in northern China, highlighting the rough, dignified and simple architectural features of northern China and even the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. In addition, Yexian County is located in the main traffic road of "Yungui in Nantong and Youyan in the north", which is influenced by the economic and cultural intersection area of the South and the north In terms of wood work and brick carving technology, the architecture integrates some characteristics of exquisite and exquisite Southern architectural technology, which provides a material basis for the study of the characteristics and changing rules of ancient Chinese northern and southern architectural schools.

Treasure of Zhenya

In order to increase the cultural connotation of Yexian County Government, the cultural relics department of Yexian County has added exhibition contents such as "the remains of Confucius passing the leaves", "the deeds of Yegong", "the story of Huang Tingjian in Yeren County captain" on the original basis, and relocated the cultural relics warehouse to the newly completed cultural relics exhibition hall of Yexian County Government. Among them, the chime bell, known as the "treasure of Zhenya", has become a highlight of Yexian County Government to attract tourists Point.

In the cultural relics exhibition hall of Yexian County Government, there is a set of chime bells unearthed in Yexian County in 2002 and cast in the mid spring and Autumn Period 2600 years ago. This set of chimes consists of 8 binding bells, 9 button bells and 20 Yong bells. The largest one is nearly 60 cm in height, and the smallest one is 16.8 cm in height. After being unearthed, each clock can produce two different pitches. This set of chimes can play all kinds of music at all times and in all over the world. It is the first combined chime of spring and Autumn Period discovered in China, representing the highest achievement of spring and Autumn period music. In addition to the priceless chime bells, there are more than 300 other cultural relics in the exhibition hall, including dozens of national first-class cultural relics such as the bronze tripod and the inscription of Youlan Fu. The twelve stone inscriptions of Youlan Fu, written by Huang Tingjian, one of the four greatest calligraphers in the Song Dynasty, are the most representative works of his unique artistic style and treasures in China's calligraphy art treasure house.

Jie Shiming

It is the only stele like official admonition in Yexian County. The monument is 2.1m high, 1.28M wide and 20cm thick. In July 1997, when ye County restored the foundation of the county government, it was found that there was a stele in the middle of the corridor in front of the hall, which was proved to be a monument of caution. There is a record of "Jieshi Pavilion in Yimen" in Ye county annals Office of Jiajing of Ming Dynasty, and the restored Yexian County government was built in the second year of Hongwu of Ming Dynasty (1369 AD). As the county government of Ming Dynasty, Jieshi Pavilion is in the middle of the corridor, which is consistent with the historical records. On the front of the stele, there are three characters "Gong Sheng Ming". On the back of the stele, Huang Tingjian, a famous calligrapher of the Northern Song Dynasty and a former county captain of Ye County, wrote an official admonition, which reads: "you are well paid and well paid, the people are humble, the people are easy to be abused, and heaven is hard to deceive." This is an official aphorism from Meng Chang, the leader of the later Shu Dynasty. He himself was "extravagant and licentious", but he was determined to straighten out the official administration. So he personally wrote 24 sentences in Lingzhen in the fourth year of Guangzheng (941 A.D.): "I remember my son, I eat my clothes Your salary and salary are good for the people. Be kind to the people's parents. Encourage me to be a precept, and I will think deeply. "

According to history

Chinese PinYin : Ye Xian Xian Ya