Lion's nest

Lion's nest

Shiziwo, also known as Manjusri temple, is a temple. It is located on zhulinling (also known as shiziling) of Wutai Mountain in Shanxi Province. It was built in the 14th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty.

Development history

Lion's nest is adjacent to Zhulin temple in the East and Jinge temple in the south. It is the hub of the two platforms and is connected with Wutai. Lion's nest is the famous avenue of Wutai Mountain. It is surrounded by mountains, clouds, green pines and cypresses. It's really a fairyland with charming scenery.

It is said that long ago, Manjusri came from the Buddhist kingdom of India thousands of miles away by a lion and walked to the bamboo forest of Wutai Mountain. The immortal lion stood still and roared constantly, just like thunder. Manjusri was a great wisdom saint. He suddenly realized that the Buddha preached the Dharma and the lion roared. It seems that this place must be the place to preach the Dharma. Therefore, he ordered a Taoist temple to read the origin of the immortal lion and named it "lion's nest". "

From then on, the Bodhisattva traveled around Wutai and built temples one by one, thus Wutai Mountain became the holy land of Buddhism and Manjusri Taoist temple.

Main attractions

Lion's nest is located in the southeast of Xiangshan Mountain, north of Badachu and west of Xingzikou in Beijing. According to the old book, this is the Taiping temple in Ming Dynasty, which is named Fuhui temple. This is an ancient relic in Xishan. The ancient temple is quite high, built in the depression below the highest point of Qinglong mountain. From nanxinzhuang North Mountain Road westbound, twists and turns, through the pulley well ditch can reach Qinglong mountain. There is an abandoned site on the hillside. Most of the halls collapsed, and the Buddha statues and stone tablets disappeared. Only one side of the stone plaque is known as Changhua temple. According to "a study of the past and the future", there were 500 Arhats painted on the wall of the temple, "crossing the cliff and crossing the sea, playing magic games," which was written by Wu Wei in Xuanzong of the Ming Dynasty. In the hall, there is a plaque of "lying songyun" written by Emperor Yongzheng of Qing Dynasty. He Jingming's poem "returning to Changhua temple at night" in Ming Dynasty also has the sentence of "returning to the mountain temple at sunset, the pine wind is everywhere". Unfortunately, now the temple is completely destroyed and the pine forest has been cut down.

Fuhui temple was built at an unknown time. According to the inscription of rebuilding Fuhui temple in Qinglong mountain, eunuchs Wei Shuangqing and Wu Fuxi donated a lot of money during the Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, which made Fuhui temple a new one. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty, Fuhui temple was rebuilt and renamed "taipingyuan". During the reign of Emperor Qianlong, it was rebuilt again. During the reign of emperor Tongzhi, eunuch Liu duosheng and others rebuilt the Taiping temple and restored the name of Fuhui temple.

Circling along the mountain road to the west, there is a cliff on the hillside. The top of the cliff is carved with the word "lion's nest". Next to it is the word "Buddha" written in a square book with the inscription "in February of the eighth year of Jiaqing (i.e. Guihai, 1803)". There are still two cliffs to the North below the stone, as if there were inscriptions. After careful identification, we can see that it is the records of monk Yuan Fang, the abbot of the Taiping courtyard of shiziwo in 1751 and 1768. One of the records reads: "in 1751 and 1768, monk Yuan Fang lived in shiziwo, although he had a temple foundation, he had no houses. Since this year, he and Mukden have been practicing Taoism and building temples. There are two lines of small words on the top left: "ten thousand people give up ten thousand people, ten thousand people are good friends, ten sides come and ten sides go, ten sides become virtues.". The cliff in the thirtieth year of Qianlong reign has clear handwriting, but poor calligraphy. It is engraved with the words "the stone craftsman's courage is bright and the courage is new". These cliff carvings, which have lasted for hundreds of years, increase our understanding of the history of lion's nest.

Passing the East tea shed, there is a "monastic stele" beside the ancient incense Road on the West hillside. Three characters of "lion's nest" are engraved on the top of the monument, and a character of "Buddha" is engraved on the bottom. The inscription is engraved around the Buddhist characters: "Cai Fushou, the Lama of Baoxiang temple, gives fifty money for hanging, Wang Binjing, a believer, gives ten money for hanging, and Yin Bolong gives two silver for hanging. From then on, the crossing goes West to nianfo bridge, shangsanjiadian and east to Taishan bridge. Taiping yuan monk, disciple Guangda, yuemi assistant, a total of 360 Zhang. In the 34th year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong, Mukden inscribed on the forehead.

Along pan Road, a platform of several Mu appears. It should be the site of Fuhui temple, but Yuanfang monk's house has disappeared. According to the records of Xishan Scenic spots, "the temple has a magnificent construction. In the East, there is a long corridor with the original Liaozhai murals." the corridor is 48 long, which serves as a corridor and leads to a pavilion. ". Today, a three story building has been built on the site of the temple, and the remaining Gallery foundation can be identified.

There are only three ancient buildings that can be seen

The first one is Xianshui cave, which is a stone arched entrance. It goes into the cave after stepping down the stairs. The depth of the cave is about 10 meters. The wall of the cave is made of stones. On the right side of the ground, there are flowing stone troughs along the corner. Through the stone tunnel, there is a rock cave, which is slightly spacious. Now the top of the cave has partially collapsed. The original mountain spring in the cave flows out for drinking in the temple. Now there is only a pool of clear water, and Xianshui cave is also used for storing things.

The second is the white jade stone bridge. The bridge is a single arch stone bridge with a beautiful shape. There is no water under the bridge. The bridge is built here only for decoration and connection. The stone bridge has no railings, only vivid carvings on it.

The third place is cliff carvings and cliff paintings. Above the single hole stone bridge, there is a flat ground under the cliff. Under the huge cliff, there is an irregular stone carvings, which is difficult to identify due to years of weathering and erosion. In addition, there is a portrait of Zhong Kui, which looks like Zhong Kui beating ghosts. At the same time, it is composed of the eight characters of "self-restraint, self-cultivation and self-discipline". The figure is vivid and the portrait is lifelike. In this remote temple, it's really valuable to preserve a rare work of art in Beijing. The mountain here is high and steep, and few people visit it. And long-term garrison, cliff carved stone built pig house, so art has not been man-made damage. Only a few years ago, Zhong Kui's stone carvings were stolen by thieves.

Fuhui temple is divided into two courtyards, the front courtyard is mainly composed of Mountain Gate and main hall. There are three Shanmen halls, 10.58 meters wide and 7.2 meters deep. They are dedicated to the four heavenly kings, Weituo and Maitreya Buddhas. There are three couplets in Daxiong hall, 10.95 meters wide, with three Buddhas inside and three bottles of Sakyamuni sitting statue. The so-called three body Buddha is to show three different bodies of a Buddha by means of image. The one in the middle is called Dharma Buddha, the one on the right is called Baoshen Buddha, and the one on the left is called Yingshen Buddha. There are eight stone tablets in front of Daxiong hall, four on the left and four on the right, arranged from east to west. Therefore, there is no side hall in the front yard. The back hall is mainly composed of Yuantong hall, which is dedicated to Guanyin Bodhisattva, and the left and right are the supporting halls.

The gate tower of "shiziwo pagoda yard" is located on the Southwest Road of Fuhui temple. The small characters on the left side of the gate are "winter moon of Renchen of Guangxu (1892), Lingchang Jingshu". The gate couplet is: "Sansheng Huishi is boundless and pure, and the wind of eternal spirit blocks the waves.". According to the records: during the reign of Tongzhi in the Qing Dynasty, Liu Chengyin (eunuch of the Qing Dynasty, once deputy to Li Lianying, honorary abbot of Baiyunguan, named Suyun Taoist), Zhang Shanpu and Zhang Yong bought the temple property of taipingyuan after they came out of the palace. After the reconstruction, they changed the name to "Fuhui Temple of Qinglongshan", and boasted of the three ties of "Liu, Guan and Zhang" Taoyuan. They changed the main hall into Guandi hall, and built lions at the same time Wo Ta Yuan. The gate of the courtyard is octagonal. There are eight carved stones with the pattern of "dark Eight Immortals".

Dark eight immortals are commonly used in brick carving, stone carving and color painting: Han Zhongli's reviving fan, Zhang Guolao's fish drum, Li tieguati's gourd, Cao Guojiu's Yin Yang board, Lu Dongbin's sword, LAN caiheti's flower basket, he Xianggu's lotus and Han Xiangzi's flute. The design of dark eight immortals shows that it is a Taoist pagoda. On the gate of the pagoda courtyard, there are five characters of "shiziwo pagoda courtyard", the first one is "Guangxu Renchen Dongyue", and the second one is "Lingchang Jingti". There are couplets on both sides of the gate of the pagoda, which say: "the wisdom stone of Sansheng is boundless and pure, and the wind of eternal spirit blocks the waves.". The Taoist Pagoda in Xishan of Beijing is extremely rare. There are three towers in shiziwo Tayuan, which are arranged in the north and south, with octagonal towers in the middle and hexagonal towers in the left and right, all of which are Lama towers. The three towers were destroyed in the "Cultural Revolution", and now only the gate of shiziwo tower is left.

After entering the octagonal gate, there was a brick low wall with square holes. In the middle of the gate, there was a blue stone carved dolomite, which was 1.6 meters long and 1 meter wide. There are also stone tables and steles in the entrance. The inscriptions record the beginning and end of the founding of shutA yuan. The stele was erected in the 20th year of Guangxu. There are three towers behind the monument, where Liu duosheng and other three people were buried. This kind of Taoist pagoda is rare in Beijing. Unfortunately, all the relics mentioned above have been destroyed. Only the gate of the pagoda is relatively complete.

This place is close to the peak, with high mountains and steep slopes. If you climb high and overlook Beijing, you will have a panoramic view of the city, which will give you a sense of the small mountains.

In addition, the red leaves of lion's nest are beautiful. Fifty years ago, someone wrote a poem praising the scenery of the lion's Nest: "the red leaves on the mountain are better than the spring flowers, which makes the tourists happy. Green cypress and yellow forest cover each other, boundless good scenery, sunset oblique.

Ten thousand Buddha pagoda

Ten Thousand Buddhas pagoda is the representative building of Manjusri temple, the great protector of lion's nest. According to historical records, during the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty, the new emperor ascended the throne at a very young age. His mother, empress Li, worried about the state affairs all day long. She prayed for the peace of the country and the people by burning incense and praying for the blessing of Bodhisattvas The pagoda stands majestically. Tens of thousands of Buddhas sit around the pagoda. There are thousands of Buddha lights and auspicious clouds. It is a peaceful image. The empress is very happy and wakes up from her dream.

Later, the empress and her party secretly visited Wutai Mountain and came to the lion's nest. They saw two green three stone lions in front of the temple. There was a tower in the temple, named lion tower. The temple was located in Wutai Mountain. The empress praised that it was the place she saw in her dream, so she demolished the old lion tower and built a 13 storey tower in situ. Because the tower was made of glass Buddha statues, and the inside and outside of the tower was built into Buddha's tower Good ten thousand, so it's called "glazed ten thousand Buddha pagoda". After the pagoda was built, it entered a prosperous period in the middle of Ming Dynasty.

Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, looking for his father, passed by this place and was blown away by the mountain wind. So he went to the temple to worship ten thousand pagodas and wrote a poem

Chinese PinYin : Shi Zi Wo