White pine

White pine

This entry is compiled and applied by "popular science China" Science Encyclopedia

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Pinus bungeana is also known as Pinus armandii. Its scientific name is < ipinus armandii < / I, and its family name is pinaceas. Perennial tree, up to 35 meters high; young tree bark gray green or light gray, smooth, old gray, cracked into a square; branches flat, forming a conical or columnar tower crown. Needles 5-needle bundle, margin serrate, only ventral with 4-8 white stomatal lines on each side; cross section triangular, resin channel usually 3. The flowering period is from April to may, and the cones mature from September to October the next year.

morphological character

Evergreen trees, 25-30 meters high, diameter at breast height about 50 cm. The crown is umbelliform or obovate, the main branches are flat or slightly oblique, the bark is grayish brown or white when young; brown, not stripped, dark brown when old, light linear, branches grayish brown, glabrous, buds ovate, apex slightly pointed, light brown, adipose. Leaves linear, 2-4 cm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, stiff, apex acute or acuminate, not bifurcated, with 7-8 rows of white stomatal lines on both sides of middle rib below. Monoecious, both on biennial branches, male cones cylindric, axillary, drooping, about 15mm long, yellowish green, female cones cylindric, erect, about 35mm long, light green, on top of branches. The cones are green brown, cylindrical; the base and top are round, 8-12 cm long, about 3.5 cm in diameter, the peduncle is short, the scales are kidney shaped, fan-shaped, about 1.5 cm long, about 3 cm wide, the bract scales are half of the scales and do not protrude. Seeds slant triangular, 8-12 mm long, 4.5-7.0 mm wide, 5-7 cotyledons more than Pinus elliottii. The flowering period is from April to may, and the ripening period is from September to October.

Growth environment

Pinus bungeana, also known as Pinus armandii and Pinus wuxuensis, can be planted in Qinba mountain area and Weibei mountain area. The annual average temperature should be below 15 ℃ and the annual precipitation should be 600-1500 mm. It can grow on mountain cinnamon soil, red yellow soil and red lime soil. However, it has strict requirements on soil moisture, and is not tolerant to drought and barren, even less tolerant to saline alkali and poor drainage. Pinus armandii is more resistant to cold, and can grow normally at the low temperature of - 7-10 ℃, and can grow at the absolute low temperature of - 31 ℃.

habitat distribution

Shade resistant tree species. It grows in fertile and humid soil, mostly mixed with Korean pine, Abies, ichthyosina, Betula and Acer, and in Antu, Fusong, Dunhua, Changbai and other cities and counties in Changbai Mountain area, distributed in Northeast China, Korea and Siberia of the Soviet Union.

Wood properties

The sapwood is white or light yellow, the heartwood is creamy, light brown or reddish brown, and the color turns dark after long storage. White pine has straight grain, uniform texture, medium porosity and coarse structure; its material is light and soft, medium toughness, low strength and anti vibration performance, medium low corrosion resistance; its wood has good durability, and is not easy to warp and deform; its adhesive performance, nail and tenon performance are very good, and it does not need to fill the pores with filler in advance; it uses manual or mechanical tools for turning and planing The working time performance is very good; the surface treatment performance such as coloring is good, but uneven absorption spots may appear when coloring. The wood rotation period is more than 80 years.

purpose

Pinus armandii is a tall tree with green needles and numerous cones. It is also a kind of dry fruit tree with rich nutrition and delicious for garden greening.

White pine wood can be used as matchstick, box, line, building structure and other industrial materials. At the same time, the material and color of Pinus bungeana are the most advanced packaging materials.

physical property

1. The material is light, soft and medium toughness;

2. The strength and seismic performance are low, and the corrosion resistance is medium and low;

3. Good durability, not easy to warp deformation.

Processability

1. When using manual or mechanical tools for general machining such as turning and planing, the performance is very good;

2. Excellent steam bending performance;

3. The adhesive property is good; the performance of nail and tenon is very good, and there is no need to fill the pore with filler in advance;

4. Surface treatment such as coloring is good, but uneven absorption spots may appear during coloring.

Address: Derong County, Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture

Longitude: 99.392652

Latitude: 28.912248

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Chinese PinYin : Bai Song