Zheng's ancestral hall

Zheng's ancestral hall

Zheng's ancestral hall is located in Zhengcun village, Zhengcun Town, she county (ancient Huizhou capital), Huangshan City, Anhui Province. It is the ancestral hall of Zheng's family. It was built in the Chenghua period of Ming Dynasty (1466). It is a place for Zheng's family to sacrifice their ancestors. It is built in memory of Zheng Yu, a famous scholar and educator of the Yuan Dynasty (known as Mr. Shi Shan). It has a history of more than 500 years. Covering an area of 1856 square meters, the ancestral hall is a typical Huizhou Gallery style ancestral hall with large scale and rich spatial levels. In 2006, it was announced as the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

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Anhui ancient emblem

The ancestral hall of Zheng family consists of four parts: Gate Square, hall, hall and dormitory. The first thing you can see is the tall gate square standing in front of the Yimen. The gate square has three rooms, four pillars and five floors, with a width of about 9.86 meters and a height of 12.5 meters. It was built during the overhaul of the ancestral hall in the 43rd year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1615 AD). Beams, columns and square forehead are decorated with brocade carving, elegant and beautiful. On the top of the front of the archway, there were four big characters of "Yi Shi Zhong Zhen" and on the back, there were four big characters of "Ming Zong Xiao Si". There is no imperial edict in this square. It is said that it is privately made by Zheng family, so it is called menfang. The archway is tall and majestic with exquisite carving. During the "Cultural Revolution", the characters and some decorative patterns on the stone square were chiseled off as "four old". There are walls on both sides of the gate square and wooden gate on the first floor of the stone square, forming the gate of the temple.

Menfang and foyer

Passing through the gate square is a courtyard. Passing through the courtyard, facing the gate is the instrument gate. There are a pair of drum holding stones standing on both sides of the gate, as if holding drums to welcome guests. In the middle is the wooden class and the gate, on which there is a picture of the door god. There is a plaque of "Zheng's ancestral hall" on the square of the door, marking the official name of the ancestral hall. The middle door of the instrument door is usually not open. Usually people go in and out of the side door and open the middle door only on festivals or events. The front and back sides of the door and the courtyard form a hall. The hall is wide, and the roof rises in the middle to show respect. The inscription of rebuilding Zheng's ancestral hall is on the west wall of Yimen. To the west of the tablet, there is another tablet, which is said to be the list of people's donations when the ancestral temple was built in the old days. Because the characters were chiseled out during the "Cultural Revolution", most of them could not be seen clearly, only the words "Jiaqing" could be seen vaguely.

Enjoy the hall

When you pass through the gate, you can see that the building on the back is also very particular. On both sides of the corridor are verandahs, in which is a large courtyard, much larger than the courtyard from menfang to Yimen. Passing the courtyard is the hall of enjoyment. The building of the hall is spacious, and the beams are made of huge timber. There are exquisite patterns of clouds, flowers and plants carved in the eyes of Ding tou arch, hump, queti and pingpan Dou, which have the architectural style of Ming Dynasty. Xiangtang is a place where people discuss important affairs, hold celebrations or get together. The architecture behind the wall is also very particular. In particular, the temple extols the patriarchal construction of Zheng Yuhe, a scholar of the Yuan Dynasty. Zheng Yu, who lived in seclusion in the countryside all her life, founded academies and preached classics. She was known as "Mr. Shi Shan". Therefore, the temple is also known as "Mr. Shishan Temple". Later generations of the Zheng family adored him and named him "Jimei", which means they want to inherit the achievements of their ancestors and inherit the beauty of previous generations. The plaque of "Jimei hall" is high in the center above the screen wall of Xiangtang.

Dormitory

Guoxiang hall is the courtyard and dormitory, the last entrance to the temple. The floor of the dormitory is 136 cm higher than the front patio. There are three stone steps leading to the dormitory, each with 7 steps, 326 cm wide in the middle and 236 cm wide on both sides. The dormitory is the highest place in the ancestral hall, where ancestral tablets are placed and where people kneel down to worship. The front is against the wall, and there are wooden steps on the Xumi seat, which are used to place the spirit cards according to the order of the world. The memorial tablet is not put up arbitrarily. A grand ceremony of "entering the Lord" should be held to send it to a certain position. The spirit card is a double-layer card with the world order, name and descendants' signature of the God (God) written on the front. From the three functions of the ancestral hall (placing ancestral tablets and offering sacrifices to the people, celebrating, discussing major events or gathering of the people), the dormitory is the most important place in the ancestral hall. The floor of the dormitory is higher than that of the front hall to show the solemnity and sanctity of the dormitory.

There are 6 stone columns and 32 wooden columns in the bedroom, patio and veranda on both sides of the patio; 4 stone columns and 26 wooden columns in the hall and courtyard; 10 stone columns and 10 wooden columns in the courtyard and veranda; 12 stone columns and 14 wooden columns in the hall. Stone column is square, wooden column is round, there are 32 square stone columns, 82 log columns, a total of 114. From Yimen to the dormitory, the whole temple is connected in rainy days. In addition to the gate, there used to be a side gate connected with the adjacent ancestral temple. Now, because the adjacent ancestral temple does not exist, the side gate has also been sealed.

Architectural features

Columns, sandalwood, rafters, sparrows and brackets are all made of high-quality wood, which is firm and beautiful. The tiles, auspicious animals and fish on the roof, and the bricks on the floor are all custom-made and specially burned in kilns. Most of the stone materials are from nearby, mainly limestone. Due to the age, the wood has been updated many times. Bricks and tiles have also been replaced. Stone, especially the column foundation, is generally the original, because of a long time has been part of the differentiation, some column foundation has been collided, appears old and irregular. The whole temple building project is huge, with numerous raw materials, exquisite design and ingenious workmanship, which fully embodies the industrious wisdom and artistic creativity of the ancient working people.

architectural style

The three sculptures of Zheng's ancestral hall are beautiful, which are all over the hall. The stone carvings are mainly on the menfang with various patterns, some of which are related to religion; the stone carvings on the Yimen and xumizuo in the dormitory are relatively simple. The wood carvings in the dormitory, the hall and the hall are also simple, but there are not many, especially in the hall. Brick carving is mainly on the roof of the auspicious animals, special tiles. The three sculptures in the temple, except for the menfang, are relatively simple and extensive, which seems to have a long history and the construction of the temple is ancient. The stone carvings of the gate are of various patterns and exquisite workmanship, which are rare among the nearly 100 stone archways in the county. They are the crystallization of the wisdom and creativity of the working people.

Zhuji, Zhejiang

General situation

Zheng's ancestral hall is one of the scenic spots of Xi Shi's hometown (including Xi Shi hall, Chinese celebrities hall, Fan Li temple, Zheng's ancestral hall and Yuchang folk custom Hall). Sit east facing west, in front of the main gate is the street, facing the Bailin river. Pianmen facing south, hang "Jiangnan first" plaque. Built in the early Yuan Dynasty, covering an area of 6600 square meters, it has a history of more than 600 years. During this period, it was expanded several times in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Although it was damaged, the basic pattern still exists, dignified and serious, simple and heavy. In the ancestral hall, there are "bailinxi" stele written by Prime Minister Tuotuo of Yuan Dynasty, plaque of "xiaoyijia" and "xiaoyitang" granted by Emperor Taizu and Emperor Huidi of Ming Dynasty, stele of song Gong, a scholar of Hanlin in Wanli of Ming Dynasty, plaque of TA Lian of famous people since Yuan and Ming Dynasties, and nine vigorous ancient cypresses planted by Song Lian.

historical background

Zhuji is an ancient county with a history of more than 2000 years. The people of Zhuji have always advocated the traditions of "farming and reading the descendants" and "loyalty, righteousness and filial piety", paying attention to reading and filial piety. Special attention was paid to the construction and compilation of ancestral halls and genealogies. All great surnames have ancestral halls. At that time, the Zheng people who migrated from Pujiang County built this ancestral hall at the foot of Jinji mountain on the East Bank of Huanjiang River, which is known as the geomantic treasure land, to commemorate their ancestors and hold meetings. Zheng's ancestral hall is magnificent and exquisite. "Zheng's ancestral hall" is written on the plaque at the main entrance

. The plaque between the East and west sides of the ancestral hall gate reads "zongfeng yongyang" and "Debu Chunguang". On the column between the steps, it is written that "one true biography is loyalty and righteousness, and the two main roads are only reading and farming.". On the column along the edge of the steps, it is written that "there are auspicious birds in the mountains, which can turn Phoenix; and fish can turn into dragon in the water dust-free pool.". There are two arch bridges in front of the ancestral temple. The left bridge is called "Bachelor bridge" and the right bridge is called "Xiaoyi bridge". Zhuji people's thought of emphasizing education and learning etiquette is obvious here.

Zhouning, Fujian

General situation

Zhouning Zheng ancestral hall is located in Puyuan village, five kilometers west of Zhouning county (the famous Liyu River). The Liyu river originates from the foot of Ziyun mountain at an altitude of 1448 meters. It gathers dozens of mountain streams, and the clear springs rush down. The peak return water turns to Puyuan village, and the water potential suddenly decreases. Five bends and six bends flow slowly through the village. The stream runs through the village, one li long and several meters wide. Seven or eight thousand colorful big carp roam leisurely in the stream, "they come to hear people's voices and gather when they see people's shapes", "they are looking for food, and their scales are flying." they are docile, just like "God fish". Graceful posture, lively and lovely. The water is knee deep and the bottom can be seen clearly. The river is full of carp, so it is named "carp River".

Liyu stream originated in Song Dynasty. It has a history of more than 800 years. Despite repeated wars and famine, it has been a miracle that carp has multiplied under the protection of villagers.

Historical change

It was built in the 18th year of Hongwu (1387) of Ming Dynasty, and rebuilt many times in Daoguang (1821-1850) and Guangxu (1875-1908) years of Qing Dynasty. The temple covers an area of 360 square meters, sitting north to south, composed of the main hall, stage, gallery, etc. The main hall is about 7 meters high, three rooms wide and 18 meters deep. It has a wooden frame with a single eaves hanging from the top of the mountain. Archway type door wall, front of the door left and right construction of the screen wall. One flagpole stone is erected on the left and right. There are dozens of plaques and more than 30 wooden tablets in the temple. It was announced as a county-level cultural relics protection unit in 1989.

Linhai, Zhejiang

The ancestral hall of Zheng family in Jianggen village is located in Jianggen village, Linhai City, Zhejiang Province, between the new village and the old village. It is built in Ming and Qing Dynasties (now in disrepair). This village Zheng surname villager is Zheng Qian descendant, ancestral temple

Chinese PinYin : Zheng Shi Zong Ci