Shanyang city site

Shanyang city site

Shanyang city site is located in the north of Qiannan village, Xincheng street, Shanyang District, Jiaozuo City. It is a historical and cultural verification. Its geographical location is 2 kilometers southeast of Jiaozuo City, and its momentum is magnificent. Most of the existing ancient cities are clearly visible above the ground. Shanyang city was built in Han Dynasty. The magnificent building, reasonable structure, strong wall and good for defense reflect the superb skill of rammed earth building of Han Dynasty working people. It is the crystallization of wisdom of ancient working people. It is also the physical evidence of studying politics, economy, culture, urban scale and urban planning of Han Dynasty.

Historical evolution

Shanyangcheng site is located 2 kilometers southeast of Jiaozuo City, which is magnificent. According to the annals of the prefecture, Cai's father and son, Cai Shujian, ate in Hanoi and Shanyang. In the spring and Autumn period, Chang Xin Hou lived here. According to historical records, Qin Changxin lived in Shanyang. It is recorded in the book of the later Han Dynasty that in the first year of the early Wei and Huang dynasties, ten thousand households in Shanyang town of Hanoi worshipped Han Xiandi as Shanyang Duke. From the above records, the name of "Shanyang" should have been at least in the Warring States period. Therefore, Shanyang city was probably built in the Shang and Zhou dynasties. After the Qin and Western Han Dynasties, Xiandi was demoted to be "Shanyang Gong" in the late Eastern Han Dynasty and became famous. Shanyangcheng site was announced as the first batch of provincial cultural relics protection units by Henan Provincial People's Committee in 1963, and was promoted to the national key cultural relics protection units in May 2006. It is one of the only two city sites among the 14 "national protection" sites in Jiaozuo City.

Landscape features

Most of the existing shanyangcheng ancient city is higher than the ground, which is clearly visible. The ancient city is irregular rectangle, lacking southeast corner. The north wall is 1850 meters long, which is seriously damaged, and it is broken and continued; the east wall is 1350 meters long; the west wall is 1000 meters long, which is basically intact except for natural weathering; most of the south wall has no trace. The perimeter of the city wall is 5000 meters, with traces of 9 gates (5 gates in the north, 2 gates in the west, 1 gate in the East and 1 gate in the South). The wall is 14-35 meters wide and the remnant wall is 4-6 meters high. It was rammed. The rammed earth layer of the city wall section is obvious, and each layer is 10-15 cm thick with uniform thickness. There is a tomb of Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty in the northeast of the city. In the northwest corner of the city, complete tiles and broken tiles of the Han Dynasty were found. In the south of the city, the ground paved with bluestone slabs was excavated. Bronze arrowheads were found on the city wall for many times. Human skulls pierced by arrows were also found near the city. Pottery with the inscription "Shanyang" was once unearthed in the mazuo cemetery area outside the city. There are faming temple and zangmei temple in the city. In the north of the city, there are Shiyan Temple (lower courtyard) and other famous ancient temples. Although there are no ancient buildings in the temple, there are still some cultural relics such as "stone steles of Thousand Buddhas" and "steles of rebuilding Shennong Temple". According to the relevant documents and the rammed earth layer of the city wall site, Shanyang city was built in the Han Dynasty. The magnificent building, reasonable structure, strong wall and good for defense reflect the superb skill of rammed earth building of Han Dynasty working people. It is the crystallization of wisdom of ancient working people. It is also the physical evidence of studying politics, economy, culture, urban scale and urban planning of Han Dynasty.

History and culture

Built in the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, it has been the ancient city wall site of Shanyang County from the Han Dynasty to the Eastern Wei Dynasty. The "Shanyang" inscription pottery pot is a small pottery pot only 19 cm high unearthed from the tombs of the late Western Han Dynasty in 1987, and the "Shanyang Wannian" pottery pot is only 31 cm high. It is a clay grey pottery with a flat lip, a folded shoulder, a sloping abdomen and a flat bottom. It is an early utensil of the Western Han Dynasty. Shanyangcheng site is a city under the jurisdiction of Liu Xie, the last emperor of the Eastern Han Dynasty, who was granted the title of "shanyanggong" by Cao Pi. "After the Han Dynasty" records: in the first year of the early Wei and Huang dynasties (AD 220), ten thousand households in shanyangyi of Hanoi worshipped Han Xiandi as shanyanggong. He also allowed Liu Xiezuo not to be a minister, not to be worshipped by imperial edicts, and to offer sacrifices to heaven and earth ancestral temples with the emperor's chariot clothes. Shanyang duchy is located in chuolu City, 19 km northeast of Shanyang city ruins (now Ligu village, 10 km north of Xiuwu County and 12 km southeast of Yuntai Mountain Scenic Spot). He lived in chuolu city for 14 years and was buried in Guhan mountain, 19 km northeast of Shanyang city. Shanyang city was an important city at that time. The artifacts unearthed from sites and tombs are the witness of the historical society at that time. Through the shape of tombs, the different combinations of unearthed artifacts or the unearthed artifacts with characters, we can reflect the social features and social phenomena in many aspects of the society at that time, such as politics, economy, culture, military and so on. In particular, the unearthed artifacts with inscriptions can supplement and correct the historical records In order to provide correct and reliable material materials for further research, we should correct the mistakes in historical records. The unearthed pottery pots with inscriptions of "Shanyang" and "Shanyang Wannian" confirm the documents about the site of "Shanyang city" recorded in historical books.

Cultural relics protection

In June 1963, it was announced as the first batch of provincial cultural relics protection units in Henan Province.

In 2006, it was announced as a national key cultural relics protection unit by the State Council.

Address: East Ring Road

Longitude: 113.26467895508

Latitude: 35.244739532471

Chinese PinYin : Shan Yang Cheng Yi Zhi