Memorial Hall of the Eighth Route Army headquarters in Ma Tian

Memorial Hall of the Eighth Route Army headquarters in Ma Tian

The memorial hall of the Eighth Route Army headquarters is located in the southwest of shangmatian village, Matian Town, 45 kilometers south of Zuoquan County, Jinzhong City, Shanxi Province. The main scenic spot is the former site of the headquarters of the Eighth Route Army, facing south, with a courtyard of four in one, and more than 30 brick and wood buildings (5 in the North Building). The memorial hall covers a total area of 96000 square meters and exhibition area of 6500 square meters. Known as Taihang Mountain "small Jiangnan" and "small Yan'an" reputation. Founded in 1980 and officially opened to the outside world.

During the Anti Japanese War, it was the political, military, economic and cultural center of North China. The headquarters of the Eighth Route Army, the northern Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and other party, political and military leaders were stationed here. Peng Dehuai, Liu Bocheng, Deng Xiaoping, Zuoquan, Yang Shangkun, Luo Ruiqing and other proletarian revolutionaries of the older generation fought and lived here for five years, and they wrote a chapter of striving for national independence and people's Liberation here. There are many precious architectural and revolutionary relics during the Anti Japanese war. It is one of the monuments of the Chinese revolution.

Among the red tourist attractions in Shanxi Province, the memorial hall has the largest exhibition area, the largest number of cultural relics, the most comprehensive contents and the most advanced display means. It receives nearly one million tourists annually.

In December 2016, the memorial hall of the Eighth Route Army headquarters in Matian was selected into the list of national red tourist attractions.

Historical evolution

From November 7, 1940 to August 15, 1945, commander-in-chief Peng Dehuai led the headquarters of the Eighth Route Army to stay in shangmatian village to command the whole Anti Japanese war in North China. Zhu De, Zuo Quan, Liu Bocheng, Deng Xiaoping, Xu Qianqian, Nie Rongzhen, Yang Shangkun, Luo Ruiqing and other proletarian revolutionaries of the older generation once lived here for a long time, and Liu Shaoqi and Chen Yi also stayed here for a short time.

In 1981, the memorial hall was expanded from the former site of the Eighth Route Army headquarters in Matan.

In 1980, the memorial was established and opened to the public.

In 1996, the memorial hall was announced by the State Council as a "national key cultural relics protection unit".

In 2004, the memorial hall was listed as "100 red tourism classic scenic spots in China".

In 2005, the memorial hall was named "national patriotic education demonstration base" by the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee.

In 2008, the memorial hall was open to the public free of charge.

In 2009, the memorial was designated as "national third level museum" by the State Administration of cultural relics.

In August 2012, the memorial was designated as "national defense education demonstration base" by the national defense education office.

In September 2012, the new museum was built and opened to the outside world, covering an area of more than 100 mu, with a construction area of 6400 square meters, an exhibition area of 3800 square meters, displaying more than 6000 pieces of various cultural relics, and adopting advanced technologies such as sound, light and electricity.

In December 2012, the memorial hall was rated as "national AAAA tourist attraction" by the National Tourism Administration.

In September 2015, the State Council announced the second batch of 100 national anti Japanese War Memorial facilities and sites. The memorial hall of the Eighth Route Army headquarters in Matian, Zuoquan county is on the list.

In June 2016, the memorial hall of the Eighth Route Army headquarters in mazian, Zuoquan was awarded the "top ten cultural tourist attractions" in Jinzhong City

Environmental layout

It is divided into two parts: the former site and the new site. The former sites include: the former headquarters of the Eighth Route Army, the former residence of Deng Xiaoping, the former residence of Zuo Quan and Luo Ruiqing, the former site of the northern Bureau, the former site of the Party School of the northern Bureau, the former site of Xinhua Daily, the former site of Luyi school, the former site of the logistics department, the former site of the headquarters, the former residence of Peng Dehuai in Wujun temple, the former residence of Liu Shaoqi in xiananhui, the monument of Taihang news martyrs, the martyrdom of general Zuo Quan, and Chen Yi's book of crossing Taihang Mountain All the scenic spots, such as the poem wall, are now open. The new site is a memorial hall with the theme of remembering the old generation of proletarian revolutionaries such as general Zuoquan and the earliest news fighters in China. It integrates the development of entertainment, leisure and tourism.

The memorial hall of the headquarters consists of three natural courtyards, including the headquarters office (with two exhibitions of "the headquarters of the Eighth Route Army in Matian" and "the life of Peng Dehuai"), the former residence of Deng Xiaoping (including the exhibition of "Comrade Xiaoping in Taihang"), the former residence of Zuoquan and Luo Ruiqing (including the special exhibition of the return visit inscription and return visit photo of the old chief executive). The main contents of the museum include: the historical display of the Eighth Route Army headquarters, the northern Bureau of the CPC Central Committee during the Anti Japanese War, the news work in Taihang revolutionary base, and Zuoquan, the capital of North China Anti Japanese base. The exhibition of the memorial hall adopts advanced technologies such as sound, light and electricity. It is a place to remember the life and battle history of the northern Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and the headquarters of the Eighth Route Army, and to trace the footprints of the news predecessors to carry out various commemorative activities.

The office compound of the headquarters was the Office (combat section) at that time. The seven rooms in the East were one and two bedrooms, in which the physical photos of the Anti Japanese War period were displayed. The four rooms in the West were the dormitory of commander Peng Dehuai. The dormitory was displayed according to the original living conditions of commander Peng at that time. The outer room displayed the life of general Peng and the photos of the Anti Japanese war at that time. Nanfang why Tingyi and tengdaiyuan stay in the office. In addition, there are two dormitories with Diyao, the guard's dormitories and Li Qi, the confidential secretary of the headquarters on the east side of the north building, and the dining room of the headquarters on the east side of the gate. The whole courtyard is well arranged and is a place for people to remember the glorious achievements of the older generation of proletarian revolutionaries and martyrs.

Site of the Eighth Route Army Headquarters

There were two conditions for the site selection of the headquarters of the Eighth Route Army in those years: one was to be at the village side, and the other was to have front and rear doors. There is a courtyard that is the house of Liu Sanzhu, the rich man in the county, which just meets this condition. From then on, the compound became the military command center for the Eighth Route Army to lead the people of North China in the Anti Japanese war behind the enemy lines. It is a key cultural relic protection unit of the state.

Deng Xiaoping's former residence

Deng Xiaoping's former residence is located in shangmatian village. Sitting West to East, a courtyard, five brick buildings. From October 1943 to August 1945, Deng Xiaoping lived here when he was acting secretary of the North Bureau. During this period, Deng Xiaoping, who was also the Acting Secretary of the northern Bureau and presided over the work of the Eighth Route Army headquarters, led the army and people in the whole base area to continue to carry out rectification and rent and interest reduction, and carried out the mass production movement and the movement of supporting the army and loving the people.

In March 1998, the staff of the memorial hall of the Eighth Route Army headquarters in Matian visited the original residents according to the principle of repairing the old as before. According to the original style, it was raised by 1.2 meters on the basis of the original site. The Department of cultural relics and architecture of Shanxi Province has adopted the technology of cultural relics reinforcement and restoration. The brick carvings of the gatehouse are updated as they are, and the wood carvings are all original objects. The photo exhibition "Comrade Xiaoping in Taihang" is displayed in the four rooms of Deng Xiaoping's former residence, vividly reflecting Deng Xiaoping's nearly 10-year war career in Taihang from entering Liao county (now Zuoquan county) in January 1938 to leaving Handan in 1947.

Deng Xiaoping arrived in Liao county (now Zuoquan county) on January 18, 1938. In October 1943, he served as the Acting Secretary of the North Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, and became the leading core of the party, government and army in the base areas of Shanxi, Hebei, Shandong and Henan. Deng Xiaoping and his wife Zhuolin lived in this hut during their stay in Martian, where Deng's eldest son Deng Pufang was born. After liberation, when his children asked about Deng Xiaoping's hard years in Taihang, he said affectionately: I didn't do anything in Taihang, I only did one thing, that is to "endure hardship.".

Zuoquan's former residence

Zuoquan's former residence used to be a church in which general Zuoquan lived and fought. At the same time, he also served as director of the intelligence department, where he dedicated his intelligence to the cause of national independence and liberation.

Zuoquan martyrs cemetery

Zuoquan martyrs cemetery is located in the north section of cemetery street in Zuoquan county. It sits in the north and south. There are Martyrs Memorial Pavilion, memorial tower and Zuoquan general Memorial Hall. The building is full of national style, and the mausoleum is solemn and solemn.

After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, the people of Zuoquan county built the cemetery of Zuoquan martyrs on the site of the former Longevity Palace in memory of the revolutionary martyrs who died bravely in the eight year Anti Japanese war. There are three memorial pavilions in the park. The front of Zuoquan general Memorial Pavilion is to the south. On both sides of the eaves columns are engraved with the couplet of "great and outstanding achievements, integrating national integrity through the ancient and modern times" and "loyalty and courage forever engraved on the Chinese monument to the descendants". On the top of the banner is "Zuoquan general Memorial Pavilion". Seven gold-plated characters are bold and unrestrained, which was inscribed by Marshal Xu Qianqian in April 1987.

A bronze statue of general Zuoquan is placed in front of the main Pavilion. In the pavilion stands a monument to general Zuoquan, on which are inscribed a eulogy of Comrade Zhu De in memory of general Zuoquan, an inscription of Comrade Luo Ruiqing in memory of general Zuoquan, and the whole story of the eight year Anti Japanese War in Zuoquan county. The stone tablet in the pavilion is engraved with the word "man Jiang Hong" written by Comrade Ye Jianying in memory of general Zuo Quan. On the front of the central monument is written eight gold characters: "general Zuoquan is immortal.". On the left side of the monument is the seven unique handwriting of commander-in-chief Zhu De in memory of general Zuoquan: "a famous general died for his country and is willing to fight for his blood to defend Wuhua. Taihang's noble spirit has been passed down through the ages, leaving the flowers of blood vomiting in Qingzhang". On the right side is the inscription of Comrade Deng Xiaoping: "cherish the memory of Comrade Zuoquan". On the back is the inscription of "Comrade Zuoquan's epitaph" written by deputy commander-in-chief Peng Dehuai on October 10, 1942, which briefly introduces general Zuoquan The course of the army's fighting. The eastern corridor and the Western Corridor display the exhibition of the revolutionary heroes of the left.

The cemetery also houses the ashes of heroes who died for the revolution during the war of liberation, the war to resist US aggression and aid Korea, and the socialist construction period. The pavilions, pavilions and verandahs in the park, with green trees, have become a tourist attraction and a revolutionary memorial hall with educational significance

Chinese PinYin : Ma Tian Ba Lu Jun1 Zong Bu Ji Nian Guan