Tomb of Zheng Qian

Tomb of Zheng Qian

Zheng Qian's tomb is located at the foot of Jinji mountain, Baishi Village, Datian town. Zheng Qian? He was born in Xingyang, Henan Province. He was the first doctor of guangwenguan, and he was the author of guangwenguan. He was good at poetry, painting and calligraphy, and was praised as "three wonders" by Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty. In his later years, he was implicated in the an Shi rebellion, and was demoted to serve as a military officer in Taizhou. He set up a school in Taizhou and was responsible for education. He made a lot of contributions to the cause of culture and education in Taizhou. He died in Taiwan eight years ago. Zheng Qian's tomb was first built in the second year of Guangde (764) of the Tang Dynasty. It was destroyed for a long time and rebuilt by his descendants during the Tongzhi period of the Qing Dynasty. The present tomb was rebuilt by Zheng's descendants in 1956. The stone on the surface of the tomb is 2.1 meters wide and 1.66 meters high. It is engraved with the inscription "the tomb of Guo's wife and Zheng Gongji, the doctor of Tang Guangwen Museum". There is still a pillar on the left side of the tomb, which is a relic of the old tomb.

brief introduction

Zheng Qian's tomb covers an area of about 400 square meters. The whole tomb area is composed of tomb, tomb altar, stele Pavilion and passageway. The tomb is located at the top of the tomb area, east of the mountain. The tomb is 1.66 meters high and 2.1 meters wide, with the title "Dr. Tang Guangwen's name is the tomb of Zheng Gong and his wife Guo.". On both sides of the tomb, there are square lotus looking pillars, and the forehead of the tomb is engraved with the four characters of "Taijiao Zhengzong". The tomb was built in the second year of Guangde (764) of Tang Dynasty, and there were records of the scope and management of the cemetery in Ming Dynasty. In 1870, Liu Ao, the prefect of Taizhou, rebuilt the tomb and wrote a Shinto tablet, which is called Tang guangwengong tablet. According to "Taizhou Jinshi Zhi" of the Qing Dynasty, the original title of the tomb is "the tomb of Zheng Gong of Tang Guangwen". In 1956, the descendants of the Zheng family in Taizhou counties were renovated. Today's tomb was rebuilt by the cultural relics department in 1990. There are three tomb altars, and the tomb remains in its original state. On the first tomb altar, a new 4.5-meter-high Tang Dynasty stele Pavilion, named Ruoqi Pavilion, is built. Inside the pavilion stands a stele of Zheng Qian's tomb written by Huo Songlin, vice president of the Chinese society of Tang Dynasty literature and professor of Shaanxi Normal University. On both sides of the pavilion are separate steles of cultural relics protection and Shendao stele written by Liu Ao, governor of Taizhou in 1870. In 1997, the tomb was declared as a key cultural relic protection unit at the provincial level by the people's Government of Zhejiang Province.

Environmental Science

In front of Zheng Qian's tomb, there is a unique and elegant stone pavilion with four corners. It is named Ruoqi pavilion after Zheng Qian. The pavilion is written by Xu Sanjian, director of Linhai Museum. The pavilion couplet "three unique poems, calligraphy and painting, the leader of Qunyan Tui alliance in the prosperous Tang Dynasty; one official comes back, and Taiwan people enjoy spring breeze for a hundred generations". It is written by Jin Qihua and ruanling, a professor of Nanjing Normal University. There is a tablet in the pavilion. On the front of the tablet is the famous calligrapher Sha Menghai's "three unique painting poetry book". On the back is a poem written by Huo Songlin, vice president and Secretary General of the Chinese Literary Society of the Tang Dynasty and professor of Shaanxi Normal University, when he came to visit Zheng Qian's historical sites in the sea: "the great master of Wuzhou worships the solitary mosquito, but he is still not worthy of world honor. Worried about the country, it was abandoned by langmiao, and the people finally saw huilanfang. It's hard to find susiye for a cup, but it's better to catch up with Zheng Guangwen. Don't sigh for the wrong name of Xianjun, and sweet Tang often protects Haiyu cloud. "

On the left side of the pavilion is a tombstone written by Taizhou prefect Liu Ao in 1870. It is 165 cm high, 70 cm wide and 7.5 cm thick. There are 389 words in the inscription, and the first sentence reads: "the mountains and rivers of Taizhan are the counties. Before the Han and Tang Dynasties, the rites were not applicable to the upper Kingdom, and the customs of the barbarians were also covered. Since he was banished to this state by Guangwen, he was a government official. He resolutely took the responsibility of promoting education and changing customs. " Then it narrates the immortal life of Zheng Qian who lived in Taiwan for 8 years and died in Linhai. On the right side of the pavilion is the cultural relic protection monument erected by Linhai Municipal People's Government on April 15, 1988.

Next to the pavilion, there are peach, plum, green pine, Magnolia, cedar and other famous flowers and exotic trees on the stage. On the hill beside the tomb, there are green pines and cypresses, which symbolize that Zheng Qian's students are full of peach and plum. Another step up is the sacrificial platform. In the tomb, the four characters of "Taijiao Zhengzong" are engraved on the forehead, and lotus pillars are erected on both sides. On the surface of the tomb, it is inscribed with the title of "the tomb of Guo's wife of Zheng Gongji, the doctor of Tang Guangwen Museum", which is written in six lines. The next section is the reconstruction of the descendants of Liuyi on March 6, 1956. The pillar on the right side of the tomb is a relic of the old tomb.

Life

Zheng Qian is a famous poet, calligrapher and painter in Tang Dynasty. His tomb is at the east foot of Jinji, Baishi Village, Datian street, Linhai City.

Zheng Qian (685-764), whose name is Ruoqi, was born in Xingyang city of Zhengzhou in Tang Dynasty. He was good at poetry, painting, calligraphy and playing the piano, and he was a first-time official of the imperial court. Usually, I often collect current anecdotes and write more than 80 articles. In the 29th year of Kaiyuan (741), someone peeked at his manuscripts and told the imperial court that he had written national history privately. Zheng Qian quickly burned the manuscript, but he was relegated from the capital for ten years. In the ninth year of Tianbao (750), he was called back to the capital. Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty loved his talent and set up the Guangwen library as his doctor. He is good at landscape painting and calligraphy, but he is poor in paper. He goes to Ci'en Temple every day to practice on dried persimmon leaves stored in the temple. After a long time, he has written all over several rooms of persimmon leaves. Zheng Qian wrote his own poems in calligraphy and presented them to Xuanzong together with his paintings. After reading them, Tang Xuanzong praised them and wrote the title of "three wonders of Zheng Qian". Zheng Qian was famous for this, so he moved to work as a writer. In the 14th year of Tianbao (755), an Lushan Rebellion took place. In the following year, he was exiled to Luoyang by the army, and he was given the title to the doctor of the Ministry of water. Zheng Qian said that he was ill and refused. He also secretly called and reported to the exiled Tang royal family to show his loyalty. However, after the rebellion and the return of Tang Wangshi to Chang'an, he, together with Zhang Tong and Wang Wei, who are also good at painting, was imprisoned in xuanyang, waiting for punishment. In the second year of Zhide (757), he was demoted to Taizhou Si Hu and joined the army. When he arrived at Linhai, Zheng Qian took it as his duty to be less educated and enlightening. Not only do they set up schools and select folk children for cultural education, but also they are big enough for marriage and funeral, small enough for lifting and bowing. So that the culture and education of Linhai and Taizhou have a greater development. After his death, Linhai people buried his ceremony in Jinji mountain, baishi'ao, east of the city. It was also named "Ruoqi lane" by its place of residence, and established a temple to worship it, which was also called "Hucao Temple", also known as "Guangwen Temple".

After the renovation in 1989, Zheng Qian's tomb covers an area of 400 square meters and has a 700 meter long simple driveway. In front of the tomb, there was a tablet written by Liu Ao, Tongzhi of the Qing Dynasty (now moved to the Memorial Hall). The tomb is divided into three layers of stone platform, decorated with stone columns. On the upper stage, the four characters of "orthodox Taiwan religion" are engraved. On the lower surface, the inscription "the tomb of Dr. Tang Guangwen who taboo piety by Duke Qi" is engraved. On the side of the tomb, there is a pillar, which looks simple and looks like the remains of the original tomb. It is recorded in Taizhou jinshilu in Qing Dynasty. At the bottom of the platform is a stone pavilion imitating the Tang Dynasty, Ruoqi Pavilion. Inside the pavilion is a stele of Zheng Qian's historical investigation group of the Tang Dynasty Literature Society of China in 1990. Professor Huo Songlin of Shaanxi Normal University wrote poems and books on behalf of all the members of the group.

Related research

The epitaph of Zheng Qian unearthed in Luoyang has caused a dispute over whether Zheng Qian was buried in Taizhou or Luoyang.

Luoyang researchers believe that Zheng Qian's epitaph is very clear about his lineage, official position, conduct, offspring, year of death, funeral and the life of his wife Wang. It not only makes up for the lack of historical records about Zheng Qian, corrects the mistakes in historical records about Zheng Qian, but also gives people a new understanding of where Zheng Qian was finally buried. According to the epitaph, Zheng Qian was born in Xingyang. Because of his "meticulous literature and art, self-restraint, etiquette and music", he was admitted as a scholar at the age of 20, and later as a Jinshi. He "worked in Caoli, was good at Danqing, was bright in Yin and Yang, was deep in arithmetic, and was in charge of a hundred schools of thought", so "the family and the country thought it a treasure, and the government and the field were three unique.". Tang Xuanzong admired Zheng Qian very much. He once set up a "Guangwen library" for Zheng Qian to study for the children of officials. He appointed Zheng Qian as the doctor of Guangwen Library (the teacher of imparting knowledge), and some people called him "Zheng Guangwen" at that time. In addition, Zheng Qian also worked as a writer. An Lushan rebelled and kidnapped Zheng Qian to Luoyang, and gave him the official posts of "doctor of the Ministry of war" and "Minister of state affairs". After the Tang Dynasty put down the rebellion, Zheng Qian was demoted to Taizhou, Zhejiang Province to join the army. In 759 A.D., Zheng Qian died of illness at the official residence of Taizhou at the age of 69.

However, Taizhou researchers believe that Zheng Qian was buried in Linhai, and his sons Yu and Ji were buried in the tomb. The tomb was kept by Zheng's descendants from generation to generation. During the Qingming Festival, the descendants of the six counties in Taizhou sent representatives to visit the tombs and held sacrificial activities in Zheng Guangwen temple. It is said that there are still descendants guarding the tombs in baishi'ao. Since the Song Dynasty, local officials and scholars in Taizhou have not forgotten their educational achievements, such as memorial service, sacrifice, poetry recitation, writing articles, helping and so on. In 1997, Zheng Qian's tomb was declared as a provincial cultural relic protection unit by Zhejiang Provincial People's government, with the category of "ancient tomb" and the age of "Tang Qing". Zheng Qian finally died in Taizhou and was buried in Jinshi mountain, Baishi, Linhai. His descendants were from Taiwan and were commemorated by the people of Taiwan from generation to generation. It is certain that Zheng Qian's tomb is in Linhai. Luoyang, with only one unearthed epitaph and no other strong historical evidence, should belong to the "yiguanzhong" more appropriate, and in line with the original historical appearance.

Address: foot of Jinji mountain, Jinshi village, Datian Town, Linhai City

Longitude: 121.18187793999

Latitude: 28.928180021588

Chinese PinYin : Zheng Qian Mu