Pingshan Village

Pingshan Village

Pingshan village is located at the foot of Pingfeng mountain and Jiyang mountain, about 4 km northeast of Yi County, Huangshan City. It is a typical water village in the south of the Yangtze River.

Geography and geomorphology

Pingshan, a thousand year old village, is named after a high mountain like a screen in the north of the village. Yu FengChen, a poet of the Qing Dynasty, wrote a poem when he toured Pingshan: "the green mountains are on the screen, and the rain is on the verge of dripping.". Autumn leaves are more spring flowers, and they are covered like brocade. " It is true that Pingfeng mountain is a beautiful landscape of four seasons, which sets off the Pingshan village with numerous Hui Style ancient dwellings. Pingfeng mountain is a vein of Huangshan Mountain. In the west, it is connected with shigu mountain and Fenglai mountain, which is the only way for Yi county to live in chining. In the East, it is connected with Yilian Qingshan mountain and gongjialing mountain, which is the main road from Pingshan village to Beihong village. This green hill runs through the east of Pingshan village. There are many peaks with different scenery. Its north end is sleepy sharp, the peak shape is just like the side head sleepy old man. Yinan is the Sangu mountain, with three peaks standing side by side. It is said that it was transformed by the three fairies, and many poets chanted it. Shu Xiang of the Ming Dynasty wrote in "three peaks cutting jade": "Zhuo Zhuo's three peaks fall into the blue sky, and in the deep of the night, Douxing company is common. The spring breeze grows QiongYa bamboo shoots, and the summer rain moistens yujinglian. " It describes the day and night scenery and spring and summer products of Sangu mountain. Another poet of the Qing Dynasty, Zhu Yi, wrote in his book a tour of Jiyang mountain: "the trees are dense, the days are few, and the moss is green. Deep into the water, the clouds burst out of the cave. " The stone rock in the poem refers to the large square stone on the hillside of Jiyang mountain. It flows all the year round and looks like a mirror from a distance. Further south through Dongshan, that is to Yiyu Avenue Xiakou Shishan.

Geography

In gongjialing, between Pingfeng mountain and lianqingshan mountain, a clear stream flows out and flows into zhangshui, which comes from the south of Yicheng. This stream is located at the foot of Jiyang mountain, so it is named Jiyang stream, also known as Jishui, which is one of the sources of Xin'an River. Jiyang river flows through the village. On both sides of the river, there are pink walls and black tiles, many houses and ten bridges, which are convenient for transportation. I once wrote a poem: "Jishan Jishui Jiyang village, deifying Sanfeng to Jimen. There is no loneliness at the end of the stone bridge. The bright light accompanies the evening It's about the scene of Jiyang river today. The stream reaches the south of the village, dams and canals are built, and water is diverted to irrigate farmland. At the border with Zhu Village, Moon Lake is dug, with a water surface of about 50 mu. The lake mud is piled into a lake, with pine, cypress and peach willows planted on it. The lake is shimmering, forming a scene with the red temple. It is the water mouth of Pingshan village. It is named Changning lake because it is located in Changning Li and contains the meaning of long-term peace.

Jiyang river has nine bends and ten bends, passing through the village. The hammering sound of village women's washing comes from time to time on both sides of the river, and the splashing white flowers of the stone pound store water. The blue brick and gray tile ancestral hall and the shops of front shop and back shop are built between the banks. More than ten distinctive stone bridges cross the river, forming the unique charm of "small bridge flowing water people" in Jiangnan Water Town.

Social history

Yi county has been a patriarchal society since ancient times. Pingshan is no exception. Since the Tang Dynasty, the surname Shu has lived together, so Pingshan village is also called Shu Village. Speaking of the surname Shu, we can't help but trace back to the uncle of the ninth grandson of the Fuxi family in Zhuanxu's time. Zhuan Xu appointed him as di Zheng of Shu. Later, he changed Shu to Shu, so he took Di as his surname. Therefore, his uncle was the ancestor of Shu's surname for more than four thousand years. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the surname Shu was passed down to the ninety ninth generation of Shu Jun, who was promoted to be a virtuous and virtuous person and was appointed as an official to the prefect of Danyang (now Dangtu). During his nine years in office, he carried out many preferential policies and stayed for a long time. Lujiang was Lujiang County at that time.

In 883 A.D., due to the war, Deyu and his cousins, dehu and Dexing, fled from the south of Lu River, settled in changlingqiao, Changyanling, changningli (Pingshan Village), so Deyu is the ancestor of the surname Shu in Pingshan, she county It has been more than 1100 years. There is an arch at the entrance of Pingshan village with a blue stone banner of "changningli". Because of this history from the south of Lu River, there is a couplet in the ancestral hall of Shu family in Pingshan Village: "the source of the couplet is traced back to the Lujiang River, the state of Shu, the city of Shu, looking for the old school; Xiuzhong Huiling, long age, long performance, the same root." When Deyu came to Pingshan, he lived in an nunnery. He moved to huayuanpan village, where the surname Shu now lives.

At the end of Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of Ming Dynasty, shuyanyou, the 19th generation of Pingshan, had three sons: the first was Yiren, which was called dachangfang; the second was chude, which was called waiwu; the third was Zhidao, which was called Liwu. Yiren's biography is thin; according to virtue, there are four sons: waiwu Changfang Yongzhang, Erfang Yongwen, Sanfang Yongwu, Sifang yongzan; Zhidao also has four sons: Liwu Changfang Duoyi, Erfang Kuang Er, Sanfang Weisan, Sifang Yongsi. In this way, it became a big village. In the late Qing Dynasty, there were more than one thousand Zhiding people.

Patriarchal clan society attaches great importance to patriarchal clan order, and is related by blood. Its main tenet is to believe in God, to be loyal to the king and to respect the ancestors. Therefore, there are general ancestral hall and branch ancestral hall, which offer sacrifices to the God, the king and the ancestors respectively on New Year's day, Qingming Festival, Zhongyuan Festival, Xiaonian Festival and new year's Eve, and the rites for the elders and children are orderly. The outer hall is Xulun hall, which is also called open hall because of its large and spacious building; the inner hall is Guangyu hall, which is also called Bodhisattva hall because its gate tower is decorated with colorful carvings such as immortals, pines and cypresses. Each room under the two general ancestral halls has a branch ancestral hall. Because of the scarcity of people and the scarcity of wealth, the big long house did not build a temple alone. In order to respect the elder brother, the general ancestral hall of the outer room and the inner room should be used whenever it is festive. In order to avoid the disorder of lineage within the clan, there are classes and generations. The last generation is a five character poem: "to establish a dynasty, to obey the Emperor Yao, to follow the law of heaven, to be benevolent.". He has a dream of pure country. If you succeed in learning, you will be promoted to use. If you obey the order, you will know your people. In the same year, if they were elected, they would be loyal. " To express the ideal of respecting the saints, pursuing benevolence and advocating Taoism, and the way of cultivating one's morality of studying, knowing and using, being an official and loving the people, and conquering family loyalty, so as to educate the younger generation. For thousands of years, classes have been far apart because of the timing of marriage and childbirth. In 2010, the highest was the "Jun" generation, while the lowest was the "Chong" generation, eight generations apart. According to the old rules, the ranks are different, and the order is well. Therefore, there is a couplet in Xulun hall, which is: "gather together to join the wild geese, respect the ancestors and respect human relations." It summarizes the characteristics of feudal patriarchal society. In order to make clear the clan rules, Shuzhi Dao's posthumous precepts in Liwu mainly include "no yamen serving, no gambling, no corrupt society, no slaughtering for profit, and no advocating excellence and inferiority". From this, we can see clearly the feudal hierarchy, the discrimination against some professions, and the requirements for the younger generation to be a man.

Famous official family

In the feudal society of China, it was a way to enter the upper class society from the imperial examination. After becoming an official, some of them were corrupt, bent the law and harmed the people, while some of them were considerate of the people and punished corrupt officials. From Song Dynasty to Qing Dynasty, there were Shu Jiefu, Shu Shengzhong, Shu Yanzhong, Shu Yizhong, Shu Binwang, Shu Zhuo, Shu Shubao, Shu Rongdu, Shu Chonggong, Shu Sihu and so on in Pingshan of Yi county. There were more people in the imperial examination. Among them, the officials are upright and upright, and most of them remain famous in later generations (some of them are difficult to describe in detail due to lack of historical data)

Shu Zhixue was a magistrate of Haiyang County in Guangdong Province in the Ming Dynasty.

Shu Chonggong, a Jinshi of Bingchen in Wanli of Ming Dynasty, was the magistrate of Quzhou of Zhejiang Province. He was a light corvee and a light tax. He donated orange forest rent and tax, exempted Yunwu Mountain wood picking tax, alleviated people's burden, restrained unscrupulous merchants, and stabilized social and economic order. Later he was promoted to Deputy military minister in Funing of Fujian Province. Shu Chonggong paid attention to the study of good writing and wrote the book of songs.

Shu Huaxian, chonggongzi, was the general judge of Laizhou Prefecture in Shandong Province in Ming Dynasty. When he was in charge of Dezhou warehouse, he reduced the duty, exempted the excessive tax, promoted the advantages and eliminated the disadvantages, and kept himself in peace. He had a collection of liantao and other works.

Shu Rongdu, the Ming Dynasty Wanli Ding not Jinshi, granted Zhongshu Sheren, promoted to the censor. During the reign of emperor Shenzong in the Ming Dynasty, the three words of "empty, public and strict" were used to say that the Qing government was to choose the prime minister, and to impeach Zhou Yongchun, the governor who failed in frontier defense, and Jia Jichun, the general governor who was independent. Shu Rongdu twice patrolled Huguang, pingguizhu chieftain rebelled. Later, Wei Zhongxian, the eunuch, was authoritarian and imperious. He was impeached by Yang Lian, Zuo Guangdou and others, but was killed by Wei Zhongxian. Shu Rong was impeached by Wei Zhongxian for his association with Yang and Zuo. During the reign of emperor Chongzhen, Wei was defeated, and all the victims were given Zhaoxue as gifts to Shu Rong, who was the Minister of Taichang temple. The nine eaves Gate Tower of Pingshan and the "wangchongbaitai" archway of shishankou in Yi County were built to show their loyalty.

Shu Sihu, a Jinshi of Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty, was appointed as the chief of the military department. He was an upright official, concerned about the education of Sangzi, and later compiled four records of Yi County for the general manager of the city. Shu Sihu is good at ancient books and records. In his later years, he was able to get involved in science and accept new things. He expressed his ambition in life through self elegiac couplets. The couplet reads as follows: "he lives with 36 germplasms, and today he returns to each other. Fortunately, he has the articles left in the universe. After the 500th anniversary, he was born again, and then he will be able to integrate his mind into the universe." His posthumous works include shuiyuezhu's poems and essays, etc.

People miss the revolutionary predecessors

In the cause of Chinese people's liberation, many people in Pingshan village devoted themselves to the revolution, made contributions and even gave their precious lives

Shu Liyu joined the Communist Party of China at the beginning of the Anti Japanese War and led the Anti Japanese and national salvation movement in Yi county. Later, he worked as an interviewer in the youth in the field of the East China Bureau of the Communist Party of China. He was captured in the South Anhui Incident in 1941 and served as an organizing committee member to rebuild the Communist Party branch in Shangrao concentration camp. He successively launched the maoshanling uprising and the chishi uprising to cover his comrades in arms to break through the encirclement. However, he was surrounded by the enemy and was arrested and died in prison.

As early as the second domestic revolution, Shu Zhenghai joined the Communist Party of China and carried out revolutionary activities in Pingshan, Yi county. He actively led the "down with theocracy" campaign in Yi county at that time

Chinese PinYin : Ping Shan Cun