Zhushan stone carving

Zhushan stone carving

Located in Zhushan stone carving Cultural Park, West Handan City, Yongnian District, Handan City, Hebei Province, it has a history of more than 2300 years. It is one of the earliest stone carvings of the Western Han Dynasty in Hebei Province and is known as the "originator of Chinese cliff carvings".

The stone inscription records the scene of King Zhao, the grandson of Liu Bang, the emperor of the Han Dynasty, drinking with his officials in Zhushan.

On May 3, 2013, it was announced as a national key cultural relics protection unit by the State Council (No. 7-1498-4-001)

. The national treasure has been invested by Beijing Hongda Huayuan Investment Co., Ltd

And take it as the theme to build Zhushan stone carving Cultural Park.

appearance

"Han Zhushan group of ministers shangchou stone carving" is abbreviated as "Zhushan stone carving". It is engraved on a natural stone surface on the top of the North Zhushan mountain in Wuzhuang village, Yongnian district. It is connected with the mountain. It was engraved in 158 BC when the Minister of state Zhao of Hou state congratulated the birthday of King Zhao.

The stone carving is 1.5 meters long and 0.52 meters wide. It is a long strip-shaped cliff stone carving. The cliff face of the carving is inclined to the mountain, and the stone face is westward. It is engraved with a line of 15 small seal characters, 1.2 meters long and 0.08 meters wide.

The stone carving in the Western Han Dynasty is rare, and it is the earliest. And its font is simple and unsophisticated, and its seal script contains Li method, which can be regarded as a representative work of calligraphy in the transitional period of seal and Li between Qin and Han Dynasties. Some experts believe that the "Zhao" of this stone is the "post Zhao" of the 4th century A.D., or the "Zhao state" of the Warring States period.

This stone carving was first discovered by Yang zhaohuang, who was the governor of Guangping Prefecture during the reign of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty, and its rubbings have been collected by many museums in Britain, France and Japan. With its unique charm, it has attracted many calligraphers and archaeologists at home and abroad to study here. Now it is a key cultural relic protection unit in China.

a book of rubbings

The Qing Dynasty rubbings of the stone inscriptions on the longevity of the ministers of the Western Han Dynasty are now in collection in the Palace Museum of Beijing. The whole paper version of the stone inscriptions on the longevity of the ministers has been mounted. This sheet is 26 cm in length and 26 cm in width. There are 15 characters in one line of the seal script: "in August of the 22nd year of Zhao Dynasty, the officials of Bingyin paid for the stone north.". The original stone was found by Yang zhaohuang in Loushan, 60 miles west of Yongnian County, Guangping Prefecture, Zhili (now Yongnian County, Hebei Province), during the reign of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty, so it is also called "zhaoloushan carved stone". Rubbings are rare. It is rare to see this book with light ink, fat words and clear strokes.

In this rubbings, there is a postscript of Zhao Zhiqian. On the right side, Shen Shuyong's autograph and Wu Guangkai's postscript are mounted. On the left side are two letters (three pages) and one postscript of Wu Guangpei (two pages) on the date of the stone inlaid with Yu Yue. The marks include: Shen's gold and stone, junchu's treasure, Jichuan Hushu, Chuansha Shen Shuyong, Renhe weixizeng, Kuaiji Zhao Zhiqian's seal at the same time, Han Xiaoting's seal on gold and stone in Wulin, Wu Tongyuan's seal on calligraphy and painting, Jianqing's father's collection in Danghu Zhushan banner, etc.

Rubbings of Tibetan friends

The stone inscriptions of "Qun Chen Shang Zhu" are one of the few stone inscriptions in the early Western Han Dynasty, whose historical value and calligraphy value can not be ignored. I've long coveted the rubbings carved with stones. A few months ago, I learned that brother Wang Wenyan, the owner of Hebei Begonia flower hall, had something left. He sent me a message asking for it. About half a month ago, brother Wang sent me a paper Mo Tuo, and today he got Zhu Tuo, which is even more joyful!

The stone inscriptions are about 130cm in length and 25cm in width. The seal script has a line of 15 characters. The explanation says, "in August of the 22nd year of Zhao Dynasty, Bingyin's ministers went to the north of this stone.". It means drinking for a long time. This stone inscription records that the officials of the state of Zhao in the Western Han Dynasty drank on the back of the stone while celebrating the birthday of Liu Sui. In August of the 22nd year of Zhao Dynasty, Bingyin was discovered by experts in the sixth year of the Yuan Dynasty (158 BC) after Liu Heng, Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty. (some experts believe that the "Zhao" of this stone is the "Zhao state" of the Warring States period, or the "Hou Zhao" of the 4th century A.D.). The calligraphy style of the transitional period between the Qin and Han Dynasties is typical, so it is very precious. The original stone is on the top of Zhushan mountain in the north of xiwuzhuang village, Yongnian County, Hebei Province. It is said that Zhushan was called "Zhushan" in ancient times. It was discovered as early as the Tang and Song dynasties. There are Tang inscriptions not far away from the inscriptions. The inscriptions are indistinct and can be identified: "the magistrate Ji Yinyu, jiulu Mingda, Shi Yushi of Lu state, Xi Shimei, CI Shi of Mingzhou, fan Yanglu Xu, Ji Chushi, Lu YeMeng, Shi Yushi Liu Jinghai, BIE Jiang of Xingzhou, Yang Shenyan, county Lieutenant Li jiatongdeng. September 28, the fourteenth year of Zhengyuan in the Tang Dynasty. During the reign of Emperor Daoguang of the Qing Dynasty, Yang zhaohuang visited again and was named "Zhao Loushan carved stone". However, the old rubbings are rare. I have occasionally seen Qing rubbings on the Internet. The paper is yellowish, the ink color is gloomy, and there are countless inscriptions and postscripts around. The stone carving has been listed as a key cultural relic in Hebei Province for protection (Note: it was upgraded to a national key cultural relic in 2015). Previously, he obtained the stone rubbings of "Zhao Guoyi Yangnan Jie" in laoanzhuang, Wu'an city, Handan City, Hebei Province from the Begonia flower hall, which was the same period as "Qun Chen Shangzhen".

Description

The description of this stone mainly includes: Zhao Zhiqian's Bu Huan Yu Lu, Shen Xikai's Jiao Cui Xuan notes, Zhang Derong's ER Ming Cao Tang Jin Shi Ju, Lu Zengxiang's Ba Qiong Shi Bu Zheng, Yang Shoujing's Fei Qing Ge Ping Bei Ji, modern Zhang Yansheng's Shan Ben Bei tie Lu, and Sha Menghai's history of Chinese calligraphy.

The origin of misnomer

Although Zhushan carved stone has been standing on the top of Zhushan for more than 2000 years, it was found in Daoguang period of Qing Dynasty (1821-1850) and was made public. Before that, there was no description of it in the works of stone inscriptions and literary and historical books.

Shen Tao, the famous magistrate of Daoguang period, and his notes on jiaocuixuan were the first to record this stone. Shen Tao made a great contribution to the discovery and research of Zhushan stone carving. One is the earliest description of Zhushan stone carving. "Jiaocuixuan notes" Volume 1: "Loushan, 60 miles west of Yongnian County, is a dog mountain. Next to it is Xiaofu, commonly known as Zhushan, with a line of inscriptions on cliffs: "in August of the 22nd year of Zhao Dynasty, the officials of Bingyin went up to the north of this stone.". The second is to study and put forward the "six years after Zhao Shihu's Jianwu" saying: "based on the book of Jin, we know it was carved by Shi Hu." Third, it is clearly recorded that he was the person who had personally visited the stone carving site: "Guangping Fu Zhi: there are Tang Taizong steles in this mountain. I can't get the rest. When I got the stone, I carved it. It's a pleasure to beg for wine. "

Shen Tao, the 15th year of Jiaqing (1810). He served as the magistrate of Daming in 1832 and Guangping in 1838. He left his post in 1832 and returned to his post in 1833. He left his post again in 1838. Although jiaocuixuan notes was first published in the 28th year of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty (1848), it was written in the 16th year of Daoguang (1836) and sorted out in the 18th year of Daoguang (1838) according to the author's self narration and Tang's preface.

It should be pointed out that the phrase "there is Xiaofu beside it, commonly known as Zhushan" disappeared somehow when it was transcribed in the general annals of Jifu, guangpingfu annals and Lu Xun's edited stone carving manuscripts, which resulted in the misrepresentation of the location of the stone carving in many later works and affected the correct naming of the stone carving.

Research

Zhushan carved stone research in 170, Zhushan carved stone is named because it is located on the top of Zhushan mountain, 1 km north of Wuzhuang village, yonghehui Town, northwest Yongnian District, Hebei Province. It is 4.2 km northwest of Linmingguan, Yongnian County, with an altitude of 239 meters. Zhushan is also called Zhushan carved stone because most of the stones are red. Just as Xu Shen said in the Eastern Han Dynasty, "Jie is a special stone.". At this moment, the stone system is a natural red sandstone Jieshi protruding from the west of the mountain top. The engraved surface is sloping to the west, with irregular trapezoid on the right and irregular rectangle on the left. The characters are engraved in a rectangular part 2 meters long and 0.4 meters wide, with 15 characters in a vertical line of Yin script: "in August of the 22nd year of Zhao, Bingyin's ministers went up to the north of this stone". Therefore, it is also called "qunchen's stone carving". The handwriting is 1.2 meters long and 0.08 meters wide. It is a small seal script. Although it has been eroded by more than 2000 years of weathering, the handwriting is still clear. At the moment, the stone is now a provincial-level cultural relic protection unit in Hebei Province. Although Zhushan carved stone has been standing on the top of Zhushan for more than 2000 years, it was found in Daoguang period of Qing Dynasty (1821-1850) and was made public. Before that, there was no description of it in the works of stone inscriptions and literary and historical books. In the 170 years since its discovery, there have been many experts and scholars who have studied it, but there are many different opinions on some basic problems about Zhushan stone carving, such as the discoverer, especially the age. In order to clarify these problems, the author began to collect, sort out and study a large number of relevant literature and history data from the end of last century, and made a field investigation on the current situation of stone carving. In this paper, since its discovery, experts and scholars at home and abroad have made a preliminary study of Zhushan carved stone, in order to teach Fang family. The research on Zhushan stone carving in the past 170 years can be roughly divided into three stages: the first 80 years of a hundred schools of thought contending, the middle 60 years of relative silence and the last 30 years of Kaixin. First, the first 80 years of the contention of a hundred schools of thought, from the middle of the Qing Dynasty to the early Republic of China (before the May 4th Movement), namely 1839-1918. After more than 2000 years of disappearing from the desolate top of Zhushan mountain, Zhushan stone carving was discovered by chance. Because of its long history and simple writing, it soon attracted the keen attention of stone calligraphers and even the historiography circle, and attracted many scholars' attention

Chinese PinYin : Zhu Shan Shi Ke