Nanhuashan National Forest Park

Hunan Nanhuashan National Forest Park

synonym

Nanhua Mountain National Forest Park generally refers to Nanhua Mountain National Forest Park

Hunan Nanhuashan National Forest Park is located in the south of Fenghuang ancient city in Xiangxi, Hunan Province, with an altitude of 571.9 meters, a forest coverage rate of 98%, a total area of 2240 hectares, 4 scenic spots and 32 scenic spots. The terrain of Nanhuashan National Forest Park in Hunan is complex, which belongs to subtropical monsoon warm climate, warm and humid, with four distinct seasons.

Location context

Hunan Nanhuashan National Forest Park is located in Xiangxi City, Hunan Province, n27 ° 56 ′ 3.24 ″ n, E109 ° 35 ′ 41.47 ″ e, about 1.01 km south of Dazhong village, Tuojiang Town, Fenghuang County, Xiangxi Prefecture, Hunan Province. It is located in the northeast of Wuling mountains on the eastern edge of Yunnan Guizhou Plateau, with Yunnan Guizhou Plateau in the west, Western Hubei mountain in the north and Xuefeng mountain in the southeast.

geographical environment

topographic features

Nanhuashan Forest Park is located at the junction of Wuling mountains and Yuanling Mayang basin in the east of Yunnan Guizhou Plateau. Geotectonically, it is located in the southern end of the Erqi uplift belt of Wuling Mountain at the western end of the third first-order uplift belt of the Neocathaysian system in eastern China. Due to the influence of the snow peak movement, the East movement and the Yanshan movement, the landform features of the middle and low mountains in the park were formed. The highest altitude is 576.6 meters, which is located at the peak of Nanhua mountain. The lowest altitude is 305 meters, which is located in Tuojiang River. The relative elevation difference is 270 meters, and the general altitude is 400-500 meters.

climatic conditions

Xiangxi belongs to the subtropical monsoon humid climate, with obvious continental climate characteristics. The summer half year is controlled by the summer monsoon with abundant precipitation and warm and humid climate, while the winter half year is controlled by the winter monsoon with less precipitation and cold and dry climate. It has four distinct seasons, abundant precipitation and less light and heat; it is basically in the same season, with good coordination in the early stage and maladjustment in the late stage, with various climate types and obvious three-dimensional climate. According to the climate characteristics of different terrain and different heights of the mountains, the whole area can be divided into four climate types from the vertical direction: warm and humid valley zone, warm and humid mountain zone, warm and cool and humid mountain zone. In the horizontal direction, it can be divided into "less heat in northwest, less early summer and autumn climate zone", "more heat in Northeast, more drought in summer and autumn climate zone", "less heat in middle, less heat in summer and autumn climate zone" There are five climate regions, i.e. the early climate region, the southeastern region with more heat, less rain and more drought in summer and autumn.

Resources

plant resources

There are 325 species in 73 families in the forest park. There are 38 species of gymnosperms and more than 90 species of angiosperms. There are more than 20 species of precious and rare plants in the park, among which 9 species are the first batch of key protected plants determined by the state, which are divided into two categories: endangered species -- Coptis chinensis, Magnolia officinalis, Illicium verum, and rare species -- Eucommia ulmoides, e-palm, xiangguoshu, Qinghao, ginkgo, jinqiansong, etc. In the park, there are 13 species of the first batch of protected tree species determined by the former Ministry of forestry, including 4 species at the first level: Taxus chinensis var. mairei, xiangguoshu, Ginkgo biloba and Metasequoia glyptostroboides; 9 species at the second level: Liriodendron chinense, Eucommia ulmoides, Phoebe bournei, Liriodendron chinense, beech, Camptotheca acuminata, jinqiansong, Cinnamomum camphora, Magnolia officinalis, and many rare tree species determined at the provincial level.

Animal resources

In Nanhuashan National Forest Park, there are 69 species of terrestrial chiropractic animals in 23 orders, including 38 species of mammals in 21 families of 7 orders, 9 species of birds in 33 families of 12 orders, 23 species of reptiles in 8 families of 2 orders and 14 species of amphibians in 7 families of 2 orders. Among these wild land vertebrates, there are 16 species of white necked long tailed pheasant, and the secondary protected animals are macaque, pangolin, kitten, musk deer, otter, sparrow hawk, golden pheasant, spoon chicken, white crowned long tailed pheasant, etc.

Main attractions

Nanhua Mountain Forest Park, with vast territory and dense scenic spots, is a mysterious mountain labyrinth. There are more than ten scenic spots, such as Huwei peak, furongtai, Kuixing Pavilion, Wenchang Pavilion, Martyrs Monument, guanjingshan, guanri terrace, golden hook and jade, Nanhua Zen forest, Nanhua stone steps Road, etc. In addition, they have been introduced separately, and have successively built Bitao garden, azalea garden, Lamei garden, osmanthus garden, cherry garden, Shawan scenic spot and Qifeng temple, Nanhua mountain forest convalescent area, Nanhua Chan temple, etc.

Nanhua mountain

Located in the south of Fenghuang ancient city, Nanhua mountain is a natural and quiet green maze full of magic. It is 700 meters high, with nine peaks and seven streams. The most famous are Huwei peak, furongyan, Shencongwen cemetery, Lietu monument, Tianwang temple, etc. There are more than 500 kinds of animals and plants in the mountains, including more than 30 kinds of rare animals and plants. Mountain grass deep, lush forest, wild flowers everywhere, clear spring, beautiful mountains and strange water, is the phoenix of the ancient eight.

Nanhua mountain is a natural paradise for the growth of animals and plants. There are more than 500 kinds of animals and plants, and more than 30 kinds of rare animals and plants. The territory has a mild climate, with clear mist in the morning and purple setting sun in the evening. It is suitable for light make-up, rain and sunshine. It is full of poetic beauty and elegant painting throughout the year, which fully demonstrates the attractive power of nature.

Stone step road

Stone step road in Nanhua mountain is a big landscape of Nanhua mountain forest park. Phoenix is famous for its stone slab road. Stone slab road shows a kind of simple and primitive pattern beauty, while stone step road in Nanhua mountain shows a kind of curve dynamic art like dragon playing in water. Nanhua mountain climbing stone steps nearly 2000 levels, each level is 2 meters wide and 20 cm high. The edge of the stone steps is smooth, steep and winding. On both sides of the road, there are towering ancient trees and mountain flowers everywhere. Where the slope is steep, the trees are more dense. The ancient trees on both sides of the stone step road are connected by twigs and green leaves. The stone step road is like a winding green tunnel. When you walk in it, you will feel the feeling of winding paths.

monument

The monument to the revolutionary martyrs is halfway up the Nanhua mountain. The monument, more than 20 meters high, is the "monument of revolutionary martyrs in Fenghuang county", commemorating the martyrs who died in modern times to resist the reactionary forces at home and abroad and fight for national liberation and people's freedom and happiness.

The monument was built in March 1987 and completed on October 1, 1987. After the completion of the monument, the base is divided into two levels, the lower level is engraved with relief, the higher level is celebrity inscription, 4.3 meters high, 6 meters square; the height of the monument is 15.7 meters, 2 meters square. The whole monument is 20 meters high. Around the pedestal is a platform, 390 square meters, with bluestone barriers. The name of the monument on the front of the monument is "monument to revolutionary martyrs in Fenghuang county" written by Liu zuchun, former executive vice minister of the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee. On the right side of the monument is an inscription by Liu Zhongming, political commissar of the people's Naval Research Institute of China: "the border city is beautiful with rivers and mountains, generations of outstanding talents are cultivated, the martyrs' aspirations are displayed, and great achievements are presented to Lingtai.".

Yiting Pavilion

"One stop Pavilion" means that tourists stop here for a rest. Yiting pavilion was built in May 1995. The pavilion is not big, with 6 Pavilion columns, which are connected by forehead Fang, and 6 warping angles, such as the wings of pengniao. The roof is towering, six vertical ridges meet on the top, and there is a colorful round gourd canopy on it. Inside the pavilion, the horizontal beams and columns form a stool, which is surrounded by a regular hexagon. Behind the pavilion, there is a cloister about one meter wide, on which there is a guardrail. There is a small well above Tingxian, which is called "Yinhong well". The water is so clear that it drips down around the pavilion and flows to the bottom of the valley. There are two small stone bridges on the stream, which add some elegance to Yiting Pavilion. Visitors stroll into pavilions, sit on stone benches, drink clean water from ancient wells, and listen to the sound of pines in the middle of the sky. They can also rely on the fence against the wind, lean against the green mountains and trees, and face the flowing water of small bridges. Except Xiaoting, the mountain turns steep. Roadside trees, cliffside rocks, uncanny workmanship. The stone steps are winding along the edge of the road. After hundreds of steps through the cloud and fog, they reach the peak of Nanhua. There is a viewing platform at the top of the peak, with five floors and a height of nearly 20 meters. On the top of the viewing platform, you can see the city in front of you. In the misty fog, you can see the scenery of the mountain city. In the blue sky and white clouds, there are thousands of strange peaks.

Tianwang Temple

Tianwang temple, also known as sanhou temple and Sanwang temple, is located at the foot of guanjing mountain in the southeast of the city. You can climb into the temple from the east gate well along the hundred stone steps. This is a group of ancient buildings with exquisite craftsmanship. It is said that it was built for the three brothers Yang Yinglong, Yang Yinghu and Yang Yingbao, the eighth grandsons of Yang Ye in the Song Dynasty, who were appointed marquis by the emperor and poisoned by the imperial court.

Tianwang temple is not only a model of national ancient architecture, but also a memorial of the 1911 Revolution. From 1910 to 1911, Tang lichen and Tian Yingquan, the Miao patriots in Fenghuang, established a new regime of the National Revolution - Xiangxi military government, and held celebrations in Tianwang temple. In the temple of heavenly king, there are still slogans of the Xinhai revolutionary uprising army up to 2008.

Cliff inscriptions

There are five stone carvings in the park.

Ancient ruins

There are three ancient sites in the park: Ming and Qing temples.

Development and construction

Nanhua Mountain National Forest Park was formerly known as Nanhua mountain state-owned forest farm. In 1992, it was approved by the Ministry of forestry to establish Nanhua Mountain National Forest Park. The park makes full use of the rich forest ecological resources and human resources to develop the Nanhua mountain scenic spot with the theme of forest eco-tourism.

transport line

bus line

At the exit of Jishou railway station, there is a direct bus from Jishou to Fenghuang (5:00 a.m. to 22:00 p.m.), which takes 50 minutes. If you don't see a direct bus from Jishou to Fenghuang after you leave Jishou railway station,

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