Ancestral Mausoleum of Liao Dynasty

Ancestral Mausoleum of Liao Dynasty

Located in Balinzuoqi, the mausoleum of Liao Taizu was built in the second year of Tianxian (927) and buried yeluabaoji, the founding emperor of Liao Dynasty.

Brief introduction of mausoleum area

Located in Lindong Town, Balinzuoqi, the mausoleum of yeluabaoji, the founding emperor of Liao state. Surrounded by towering ancient trees and murmuring streams, it is a quiet place.

The ancestral Mausoleum of Liao Dynasty is composed of two parts: mausoleum area and Fengling yizuzhou. The Mountain Gate of mausoleum area skillfully borrows the natural Valley and has a unique design. The original ground building is magnificent and magnificent, but it was destroyed later. Now there are only some bricks, tiles, steles and so on. From the remaining stone carvings, we can see the characteristics of Qidan culture in Liao state. It is simple and plain, beautiful and natural. It is an important material to study the history of Qidan.

Structure

Liao Taizu mausoleum is located in the great Prague valley of hadayingesu shifangzi village, Balinzuo banner, Chifeng City. It is said that it is the birthplace of Khitan's ancestors, where yeluabaoji, Liao Taizu, was buried after his death. It is located in the northwest of shifangfang village, Balinzuoqi. In order to protect and sacrifice the mausoleum of emperor Taizu of Liao Dynasty, the mausoleum is located in a valley 2 km to the west of the city. The city wall is divided into two cities, the inner and the outer. It is about 2 kilometers southeast around the outer city. The remnant wall is about 6 meters high. Four gate sites still exist. Traces of the urn can be seen at the east gate and the north gate. There is only a south wall built in the inner city, which is slightly higher than the outer city wall. There is a gate in the middle of the wall. Inside the gate are several high base sites of the hall of enjoyment and the hall of sacrifice. There is a stone house in the northwest corner, which is made of granite slabs. It is 3.5 meters high, 6.7 meters wide and 4.8 meters deep. Only seven slabs are used in the whole house. This kind of stone chamber is rare in ancient Chinese buildings, and it is also the only stone chamber built in Liao Dynasty. Outside the South Gate of inner city, there is a street leading to the South Gate of outer city, which is about 40 meters wide. On both sides, there are official houses, dining rooms, workshops, soldiers' residences and other architectural sites. On both sides of the main road outside the South Gate of the city and to the west, there are two groups of base sites of small buildings, which are built with stones. The layout is roughly neat. It is a residential area of shoulinghu, and the area is larger than the city site. It is a national key cultural relic protection unit.

Records in ancient books

According to the records of the history of Liao Dynasty, the mausoleum of Taizu "chiseled the mountain as the hall", and the "Tianshan hall" was set up in the south of the hall to prepare for the sacrifice of the four seasons. According to geographical records of the Liao Dynasty, outside the cemetery, there is "the hall of the holy trace to the East, with a stele erected to describe the hunting of Taizu, and a building to the East, with a stele erected to record Taizu's pioneering work". There is also a daguihu (pedestal) at the place where the stele is erected. It is 2.96 meters long and 1.10 meters long. In recent years, a number of fragments of Khitan characters have been found at the pedestal.

In 1964, it was listed as a key cultural relic protection unit of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.

Balinzuoqi

Balinzuoqi is located in the east of Inner Mongolia and the north of Chifeng City. It has a mid temperate continental monsoon climate with a total area of 6644 square kilometers. The whole banner now governs 15 townships, 5 towns, 3 Sumu, 268 administrative villages, Gacha and 11 residents' committees, with a total population of 352000. It is composed of 16 ethnic groups including Han, Mongolian, Manchu, Hui and Korean. It is an economic zone with agriculture and animal husbandry as the main industry and the combination of agriculture, animal husbandry and forestry.

Balinzuoqi belongs to the hilly area of the southwest foothills of Daxinganling. Its unique geographical combination forms a three-dimensional resource treasure house with various kinds and rich products.

The whole banner has 1.7 million mu of cultivated land. At present, there are more than 110 kinds of suitable agricultural products and more than 80 kinds of vegetables. Green onions, garlic and potatoes have a high reputation in the adjacent areas.

Abundant water resources. There are 54 rivers in the banner, with a total length of 921 km. There is a medium-sized reservoir with a storage capacity of 71.75 million cubic meters in the upper reaches of wuerji Mulun river.

Vast woodland and grassland. The existing forest area of the whole banner is 2.36 million mu, with a forest coverage rate of 25%. The main tree species are more than 40 species, such as Pinus tabulaeformis and Larix gmelinii. The 20 thousand mu larch plantation is the largest one in the autonomous region. The northern region is rich in forest and grass with good vegetation, forming a natural green barrier. 4.73 million mu of fine grassland and 1.4 million mu of forest grassland have become a major advantage in the development of animal husbandry.

convenient transportation. Highways extend in all directions, 23 townships in Sumu, 268 villages in Gacha, and 303 national highway and Jitong Railway run through Zuoqi. Zuoqi has become a transportation hub in the north of Chifeng City.

Advanced post and telecommunications equipment. All the 23 towns of Sumu have opened program-controlled telephones, and mobile phones and wireless paging services are connected with the whole country. Postal and telecommunication network covers urban and rural areas, and communication equipment and communication level rank first in the region.

Balinzuoqi is the birthplace of Fuhe culture and Liao culture. There are many kinds of sites in liaoshangjing, such as linhuangfu, liaozuling, taoshishan grottoes and so on. Among them, linhuangfu in Shangjing, zhenjizhi temple and Zuzhou Zuling site are listed as key national protection units. The glacial mortar group, a "wonder of the world", discovered in 1997, contains rich historical culture and natural culture. It is a natural landscape integrating scientific research and tourism. In the north of Balinzuoqi, ulanda is far sighted, and the wonderful mountains and peaks, flowers and trees in miagliba, heiliheiba, Shana reservoir, Dongshan orchard and other places are good places for tourism and summer resort.

Description of scenic spots

In 928 ad, Liao Taizu died on the way of the eastern expedition, and the empress Shulu presided over the construction of a magnificent ancestral mausoleum. The ancestral mausoleum is composed of two parts: mausoleum area and Fengling town Zuzhou, and the mausoleum area is very unique. From the mountain gate, surrounded by peaks. From the inside to the outside, the Mountain Gate seems to be closed, and there is no trace. As an imperial mausoleum, it can be said that it is unique. Zuling with its beautiful scenery and historical and cultural landscape organically integrated, so that people can enjoy unlimited fun in the wonderful nature while looking forward to the great achievements of a generation of heroes.

Liaoqing mausoleum, located in the north of Balinyouqi, is the mausoleum of liaoshengzong, Xingzong and daozong. Qingyun Mountain, where Qingling is located, is located on the trunk of the Great Xing'an Mountains. The mountains are majestic, the forests are dense, and the streams are crisscross. The three mausoleums were built on the mountain and formed by the peak, which organically integrated the huge mountain and the king's spirit to show the emperor's supreme theme. Liao Huai mausoleum is built in a bag shaped Valley in Balin Right Banner. Overlooking the valley, it is covered by clouds and fog, with towering ancient trees and murmuring streams, just like a fairyland on earth. The peak opposite huailing is like a crouching dragon. It looks like the head of the dragon is slightly tilted, the eyes of the dragon are wide open, the whiskers of the dragon are floating, and the ridges of the dragon are undulating. It seems that at any time, it will soar into the sky. Huailing mausoleum is a large mausoleum composed of Fengling Town, inner mausoleum area and outer mausoleum area, in which Emperor Taizong and Emperor muzong of Liao died.

taizu

Liao Dynasty's founder, the word siplizhi, also known as abaoji, abaojin, abuji, anbajian, yibajian, Han name Yi, Khitan. He was born into a noble family in DiELa. He is a native of yelumili, a town of xiayishilei in the Dieci tribe of Khitan. He is the eldest son of Sasi, Emperor dezu. His mother was Xiao, Queen of xuanjian.

Born in 872, Xiantong, Tang Dynasty, and died in 926, Tianxian, Liao Dynasty, at the age of 55. Yeludanglish, the great ancestor, yelusalad, zuyeluyundeshi, and yelusalad, the father, were yilirong of Yaonian tribe alliance, who took charge of the military affairs.

At the end of the 9th century, Yelv abaoji was appointed as the talmarishali (huweiguan) of chendejing Khan of Yaonian family. He led the talmarishali (huweiguan) to defeat the neighboring tribes, and defeated the tribal power led by puguzhi who killed yelushilu (the leader of the alliance).

In 901, he was promoted as yilirong of DiELa department, in charge of the military affairs of Yaonian alliance. He also broke Shiwei, Wugu, Nuzhen and other departments, captured Xi people, plundered Han land, and served in Yue in 903 for his meritorious service. In 905, the Tang dynasty fell. At the invitation of Li Keyong, the king of Jin, he met in Yunzhou (today's Datong, Shanxi Province) and became a brother. He agreed to discuss with Zhu Wen, the king of Liang, and Liu rengong, the governor of Lulong army. But in the end, he didn't fulfill his agreement because it was unprofitable.

In 907, chendejin Khan died, and Khitan nobles regarded him as the emperor of Heaven (Taizu). Yelv abaoji knew Chinese and employed Han Zhigu, Han Yanhui, Kang Moji and other talented Han people as counselors. He adopted Han Yanhui's construction strategy, set up prefectures and counties, set up cities, set taxes, and imitated the system of Han to manage the large number of Han people captured in the war. Since then, Khitan society in slavery still accounted for an important proportion of the situation, the feudal society developed rapidly. He set up an elite and loyal Pro army "hinterland" to appease the Hei Che Shi Wei, Xi and other departments, and established a strict Yi Wei system. The conflicts between the development of imperial power and the old-fashioned slave owners of Khitan became more and more acute. Their younger brothers yelulage, DiELa, yindishi, anduan and Yuyue yelulaudi launched rebellions and were all suppressed.

In 916, the ministers and subordinate departments of yeluyi assembly, known as the great sage, the great tomorrow emperor, and the temple name of Taizu of Liao Dynasty, established the yuanshence, and established yelubei, the eldest son, as the crown prince. Later, he personally invaded Turkic, Tuyuhun, Dangxiang and other departments, then transferred to DaiBei and captured many people and animals.

In the second year of Shence (917), King Li cunzhe of Jin Dynasty sent Lu Wen to Liaoning Province. In the third year, Ren kangmoji served as Banzhu envoy, and built the imperial capital in the north of Huanghe River (later called Shangjing, in today's Inner Mongolia Balinzuoqi). In the sixth year, the imperial edict established the law, zhengbanjue, Xinzhou defense made Wang Yu lead the Ministry to come down. On two occasions, Liao Taizu's Pro unification army went southward and captured and plundered, but Li cunzhe led his troops to repel them. A large number of soldiers and prisoners

Chinese PinYin : Liao Tai Zu Ling