Mufu

Mufu

Mu Fu mansion (English: Mu Fu mansion) is the common name of Mu's Tusi Yamen in Lijiang. It is located at the foot of Shizishan in Lijiang ancient city, and is the "Grand View Garden" of Lijiang ancient city culture. The whole complex is a splendid garden of architectural art.

The Naxi people did not have the surname of the Han nationality. After Zhu Yuanzhang established the Ming Dynasty, the Naxi chieftain a Jia a de in Lijiang, Northwest Yunnan, judged the situation and "led obedience" in 1382. This was greatly appreciated by Zhu Yuanzhang. Zhu removed his surname and granted it the Han surname "Mu". From then on, the traditional Naxi father son name system was changed to the Han surname .

Mufu is a splendid garden of architectural art, which fully reflects the style and temperament of the Central Plains architecture in the Ming Dynasty, and retains the simple and rough lingering charm of the Central Plains architecture in the Tang and Song dynasties. The layout of its west facing east, vertical and horizontal jade ditches and flowing water also shows the spirit of traditional Naxi culture. Lijiang tourism has a saying: "less than Mufu, equal to less than Lijiang.".

Historical evolution

When Naxi people talk about "master Mu", they are as kind as when we talk about our ancestors. Master Mu used to be the owner of this huge house. To put it simply, the Mufu five or six hundred years ago was the "Forbidden City" in the ancient city of Lijiang.

It is the most valuable book in the history of Naxi nationality. Some scholars point out that "less than Mufu, less than Lijiang". The ancient architecture of Mufu in Ming and Qing Dynasties, with its magnificent architecture, brilliant palace, exquisite carving, exquisite components and brilliant painting, is really magnificent and incomparable.

Mufu is the common name of Lijiang's Tusi Yamen. The family of the Tusi went through the yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. In its heyday, Mufu covered an area of more than 100 mu and had nearly 100 buildings. It was the heart of the 800 year old Dayan ancient city. Although it is only a chieftain's house, its luxury and magnificence are no less than any official residence of princes and nobles.

According to the records of Lijiang mansion, the former Mufu hall was towering and well laid out. The central axis alone was 369 meters long. There were conference hall, wanjuan tower, Dharma hall and other halls on the central axis. There were countless buildings on both sides, and gardens and corridors with unique style. Its overall architectural style is "imitating the Forbidden City".

Mufu in Lijiang is located in the ancient city of Lijiang. It was the palace of the chieftain of the Mu family in Lijiang at that time. Since the Naxi leader Mu family inherited the local magistrate of Lijiang in the Yuan Dynasty (1253), it has been 470 years since the 22nd generation of the yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. Therefore, Mufu is the political and cultural center of Lijiang. In 2013, it was a national AAAA scenic spot. The TV series "Mufu Fengyun", which tells the story of Lijiang's Tusi Fengyun, was shot here.

Mufu in Lijiang is the Grand View Garden of Lijiang culture.

After the great earthquake in 1996, the world bank recognized the treasure and lent a large sum of money to help rebuild the Mufu. Lijiang craftsmen carefully designed and constructed the Mufu. After three years, the Mufu reappeared like a Phoenix Nirvana. Among the chieftains in Southwest China, Mufu is famous for "knowing poems and books, being good at propriety and keeping righteousness".

At the end of the Ming Dynasty, it reached its peak, and its buildings were magnificent. Xu Xiake, a famous ancient traveler, once sighed at Mufu and said, "the beauty of the Palace should be attributed to the royal family.". The whole Mufu covers an area of 46 mu, with a central axis of 369 meters long. The complex faces east from the west, and "welcomes the rising sun and enjoys the atmosphere". The four characters "Tianyu Liufang" in the big book of mupaifang is the homonym of "go to study" in NASH, which reflects the Naxi people's wisdom of respecting knowledge. The Zhongyi stone archway has three layers of stone structure, which is the best stone architecture in China. The conference hall is dignified, spacious and magnificent, which is the hall of Tusi's discussion of politics The essence of the millennium cultural heritage, thousand volumes of Dongba scriptures, hundred volumes of Dazangjing, Liugong Tusi poetry collection, and many famous scholars' calligraphy and painting, are all the treasures of the Imperial Academy, the treasures of the Academy. The Dharma protection hall, also known as the rear Council hall, is the Tusi family affairs hall. The Guangbi building is the back garden gate building, which is historically known as "Jiadian West"; the Yuyin building is the place of imperial edict and song and dance banquets; the Sanqing hall is the way respected by Mu Tusi It is the product of family spirit. Deep in the ancient cypresses of lion mountain, there is Mu's Chieftain offering sacrifices to Tianzu. He "welcomes the rising sun to get wood Qi". On the left, there is Qinglong (Jade Dragon Snow Mountain), on the right, there is Baihu (Tiger Mountain), with Xuanwu (lion mountain) on his back. On the southeast, there is Guishan, with Snake Mountain facing each other to guard the pass. Mufu is in the arms of the ancient city. It has not only the Qi of rising sun from lion mountain, but also the pulse of Taiji from jade water. Mufu, a place of nature, fully embodies the open spirit of Naxi people's multiculturalism.

Historical status

Today's Mufu is not only a tourist attraction to attract tourists from all over the world, so that when they visit the ancient city, they can step into the glorious history of a local chieftain, but also a symbol of Naxi people's pride in their ancestors. This splendid garden of architectural art fully reflects the simple and rugged lingering charm of architecture in Ming Dynasty. On the basis of Han architectural style in Ming Dynasty, it integrates the local craft styles of Naxi and Bai nationalities. At the same time, it is a garden of Naxi famous trees, ancient trees, exotic flowers and plants. It is between the Royal Garden and Suzhou garden, and combines the elegant atmosphere of heaven and earth, mountains and rivers with the elegance and richness of the royal palace inosculate as a whole. A wooden mansion embodies the essence of the Millennium civilization of Lijiang, a world famous city, and the great wisdom of the people of all ethnic groups. The Phoenix, which is reborn in the fire, dances to the sky in the ancient city, showing the glory of the golden age and calling for the new century.

Ming Dynasty is an important development period in Naxi history. Mu chieftain, who is deeply trusted by Ming Dynasty, is more open-minded. He actively introduces production technology, culture and education of Han people in Central Plains of Ming Dynasty, makes friends with famous people in Central Plains, and introduces talents from the mainland in culture, medicine, education, architecture, mining, crafts and other aspects to Lijiang. The relationship between Mu's chieftain and Lijiang

In 1382, the military and civilian government office of Lijiang was set up in the ancient city, which soon became the social, political, economic and cultural center of Lijiang.

Mu's Chieftain built large-scale palace style buildings, such as three large memorial archways made of stone and wood, mujiayuan, conversion hall, Yuhuangge, Sanqing hall, Guangbi building, Jingtang, Jiamiao, wanjuan book building, Yuyin building, etc.

The stone archway in front of Mufu gate is made of white marble collected from xiahutiao Jinsha River. It is 9 meters wide and 18 meters high. Four stone pillars support the stele, rafters, eaves and cover of the archway. The plaque is engraved with the word "loyalty" granted by Ming Shenzong.

This stone carving building with magnificent structure and exquisite carving is famous far and wide. There is a folk saying that "Dali Three Pagoda Temple, Lijiang stone archway". Unfortunately, it was demolished in the ten years of the cultural revolution.

When the chieftains of Mu family built their own palace style wooden houses, they did not follow the theory of Fengshui in the central plains that "sitting north and facing south" was better, but they were facing the sun and the East. The East belongs to wood, and the sun and wood are worshipped in Dongba religion of Naxi, which is also the surname of Naxi given by the emperor. Therefore, in order to get the "wood" of the gas and the idea of prosperity, so that the wooden house building took the direction of sitting West to East.

It is said that the reason why there is no wall around the ancient city is that the wood chieftain lives in the city. Once the city is built, it is equivalent to the word "wood" and a frame to form the word "trapped", which is tantamount to trapping "wood".

The chieftain Mu's back rests on Shizishan. Cypress trees are planted all over the mountain. Now there is a large area of ancient cypress forest on Shizishan, which is one of the "Twelve sceneries of Lijiang". In addition to this ancient Berlin, a large number of cypress trees voluntarily planted by local people in the 1950s and 1960s are also increasingly flourishing, forming a lush forest.

Looking down from the extreme view of Shizishan, the rows of tile roofed houses in the ancient city present a dark blue color mixed with the heaven and the earth, which looks like a huge ink painting.

Architectural features

The residence of Mu's chieftain was built in the south corner of the city. As the center of the city, Sifang street is full of merchants. The crisscross streets radiate from Sifang street, the business center.

It can be seen that the ancient city was initially formed in the rural market, and finally prospered due to commercial trade. This is closely related to the history of the ancient city as an important town of "ancient tea horse road" for thousands of years.

The court style architecture of the wooden Tusi was already magnificent in the Ming Dynasty. Xu Xiake, a traveler and geographer of the Ming Dynasty, once marveled at "the beauty of the palace is like a king" in his diary of a trip to Yunnan. In the Ming Dynasty, there were more than 1000 residents in the ancient city, and the residential buildings were quite large. Xu Xiake once described the "community of houses, row upon row of tile roofed houses" in the ancient city of Lijiang at that time, which showed the prosperous scene of residential buildings.

Mufu Restaurant

Mulaoye liquor is a Lijiang characteristic liquor which records and inherits the history and culture of Lijiang for more than 500 years from the late Song Dynasty to the early Qing Dynasty. This wine was invented by Mu's Chieftain family, who inherited 22 generations and ruled Lijiang for nearly 500 years from the Song Dynasty to Yongzheng period, before the Emperor Yongzheng of the Qing Dynasty carried out the policy of returning the native land to Liu in southwest minority areas. It was made of buckwheat and spring water from Yulong Snow Mountain through several secret processes. It was only circulated in the Tusi's Yamu's office. Even the emperors of different dynasties had never heard of it or commented on it. Therefore, it is called "jade wine should only be found in Lishui. It is rare to smell it in other places." After the decline of mu, this wine disappeared in people's eyes for a period of time. With the development of Lijiang, especially the prosperity of tourism, the descendants of Naxi take this opportunity to show more people the wisdom of Naxi people and rebuild the production line with traditional technology and modern technology

Chinese PinYin : Mu Fu