Ganzhou Confucian Temple

Confucious'Temple

synonym

Ganzhou Confucian temple generally refers to Confucian Temple (Ganzhou Confucian temple, Jiangxi Province)

Ganzhou Confucian temple, or Ganxian county school, is located in the southeast of Ganzhou old city and the north of the east section of Houde road. It is the largest and most complete preserved ancient county school site in Jiangxi Province. (the original Confucian Temple of Ganzhou Prefecture in Ganzhou City has been destroyed)

Confucian temple is a national cultural protection unit. The Confucian temple covers an area of about 10000 square meters, and the whole building complex is divided into three groups, with parallel axis layout.

Brief introduction of Confucian Temple

The Confucian temple was once the Ziji temple in the Tang Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, it was changed into the Dazhong Xiangfu palace, and the county school was founded in Huangyou years. Most of the preserved buildings were built in the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, and they are well preserved, mainly including dachengmen, dachengdian, chongshengci, kuixingge, jiexiaoci, etc. dachengdian is the main building of the Confucian temple, with a height of 15 meters, magnificent momentum, and remarkable Gannan characteristics.

Historical origin

Ganzhou Confucian temple, the county school of Ganxian in Qing Dynasty, was built in 1050 (the second year of emperor you of Northern Song Dynasty). Later, it was relocated many times. The last time was in 1736 (the first year of Qianlong of Qing Dynasty). Zhang Zhaocheng, the county magistrate, adopted the opinions of Ganzhou scholars and moved the county school back to the former site of xiangfugong county school. In the seven years before and after the move, the newly built county school was on a large scale, facing the peak mountain in the distance, and the city wall was like a bow and arch guard in the near. In front of the Dacheng hall, there are two East and West verandahs for Confucius' disciples' memorial tablets, and the second floor for bells and drums.

The Confucian temple, on the left of dachengmen, has two ancestral halls for officials and for meritorious service; on the right, there are two ancestral halls for local sages and for meritorious service. Dacheng gate, halberd gate in front. Before that, there are two squares, namely "depeitiandi", "Daoguan ancient and modern", and screen wall.

Confucian temple, the wall chisel days Marsh (later commonly known as "Yuelong pool"), built Yuelong bridge. After Dacheng hall, there are Chongsheng temple, Zunjing Pavilion, Jiaoyu temple, Jingyi Pavilion, xunjiao temple, Zhongyi temple, Jiexiao temple, paosuo temple, Xueshe temple, Shidi temple, Wenchang palace, xianxuefang temple, sheyu temple, etc. Zhang Zhaocheng regarded the Confucian Temple County school as a small "Fengshui" construction in Ganzhou. He believes that only in this way can it be conducive to the cultivation of talents.

Cultural relic value

After Ganzhou Confucian temple, there are three complete main buildings including dachengmen, dachengdian and chongshengci, and some subsidiary buildings. In 1987, it was listed as a cultural relic protection unit of Jiangxi Province by Jiangxi provincial government. During the maintenance in May 2004, the Yuelong bridge and Yuelong pool (panchi) built by Zhang Zhaocheng in Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty were discovered. The reappearance of these bridges and pools enhanced the overall cultural value of Ganzhou Confucian temple.

On the west side of the Confucian temple, there is a complete double eaves building of the martial arts temple in the Qing Dynasty, in which the statues of Guan Yu and others were worshipped. This kind of architectural pattern of Wenwu temple is rare in China.

Main building

There are five large-scale Confucian temples in Jiangxi Province, among which Ganzhou Confucian temple is the largest, the highest level and the best preserved. The whole building complex is divided into three groups, which are arranged in parallel axis: dachengmen, Minghuan temple, Xiangxian temple, Dongwei, Xiwei, Dacheng hall and Chongsheng temple on the central axis; Kuixing Pavilion and Zunjing Pavilion on the eastern axis; Jiexiao temple on the Western axis. Some of these buildings have disappeared.

According to the custom of ancient architecture, it usually faces south from the north. However, the central axis of a considerable number of ancient buildings in Ganzhou City is more than 30 degrees south by East, such as Yu gutai and Confucian temple. The reason is that the central axis of the building is facing the main peak of the peak mountain to form a view. The building complex of the Confucian temple is mainly built on the main axis, and the courtyard is formed by the enclosure combined with the buildings.

Reconstruction and restoration

Between dachengmen and dachengdian, the East veranda, Minghuan ancestral hall and Xiangxian ancestral hall are used to connect the roofs to form a courtyard style courtyard with southern architectural characteristics. It turns out that in this square, there is a memorial archway called "Lingxing gate". After the lingxingmen pass, there are two ponds, called "panchi". In the past, when children went to school, they were called "entering panchi". The two buildings were lost later, and the cultural and Museum Department was ready to repair them.

When you enter the gate of the Confucian temple, you will see Dacheng gate. Because Confucius was known as the "great master" of Dacheng, this gate is called Dacheng gate. On both sides is the "official hall". The officials come and have a rest here. After entering dachengmen, there are wing rooms on both sides, where students study. Now the left wing room has arranged Gannan Hakka folk custom exhibition, and the right wing room mainly sells some ancient characters and paintings, coins and some antiques. In front of it is Dacheng hall, behind which are Chongsheng temple and Jiexiao temple.

cultural meaning

The hall of Dacheng is the essence of the whole Confucious'temple. The main hall is built on the platform of 1.5 meters high, covering an area of about 750 square meters, with a height of 13 meters. It is the largest ancient building preserved in southern Jiangxi. The timber beam structure of Dacheng hall is different from other buildings in Confucian temple complex. It adopts big timber and Dou Gong, which is quite local. These special-shaped carved arches not only play the role of load-bearing components, but also have a strong decorative effect. The tile surface of Dacheng hall is made of Jingdezhen high temperature colored porcelain glazed tiles. This is unique to Ganzhou. Even the tiles of the Forbidden City in Beijing are made of pottery.

Statue of Confucius

The statue on the front of Dacheng hall is Confucius. This statue of Confucius is emperor's costume. The four statues on both sides of Confucius are called "Si Pei", which are the representatives of the famous Confucian school in ancient times - Zisi, Mencius, Zengzi and Yanzi. There are twelve statues behind, which are "Twelve philosophers", that is, twelve more representative philosophers.

Address: No.42, Houde Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou City

Longitude: 114.94862365723

Latitude: 25.855852127075

Tel: 0797-8238062

Ticket information: market price: 10.0 yuan

Chinese PinYin : Gan Zhou Wen Miao