Wukang Road

Wukang road is 1183 meters long and 12 to 16 meters wide. The whole road is curved and roughly north-south. Starting from Huashan Road in the north, you can see the Lilac Garden of Li Hongzhang, an important Minister of the late Qing Dynasty, and connecting Tianping road and Yuqing road to Huaihai middle road in the south, facing Song Qingling's former residence. On the road of Wutong, the former residence of the famous celebrities has a high density, and there are about 30 celebrities. Along the Spanish style, French Renaissance style and other styles of architecture is very characteristic, is one of the most European style neighborhoods in the central city of Shanghai.

Wukang Road

Wukang Road, formerly known as route Ferguson, is located in Xuhui District of Shanghai. It was named after American missionary John Ferguson and was built by Shanghai Council of French concession in 1907 (33rd year of Guangxu).

Wukang road is known as the "celebrity road" which "condenses the modern history of Shanghai for one hundred years". There are 14 excellent historical buildings along the road, and 37 historical buildings are reserved.

On June 11, 2011, Wukang Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai was selected as the third "famous street of Chinese history and culture" approved by the Ministry of culture and the State Administration of cultural relics.

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Historical evolution

Wukang road was built in 1907. According to the records of toponymy of Xuhui District in Shanghai, "the road was originally named fukaisen Road, named after the American fukaisen. In 1943, it was renamed Wukang road and named after the old county of Zhejiang Province. "

At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Sheng Xuanhuai, a minister of the Westernization school, was entrusted by Li Hongzhang to run Nanyang public school (the predecessor of Shanghai Jiaotong University). When he couldn't find talents who were familiar with modern university management, he happened to meet Fu Kaisen, who was staying in Shanghai, so he hired him as the "supervisor" (equivalent to the 21st century Dean of Academic Affairs). After Fu Kaisen took office, he built the road with his own salary to facilitate the travel of teachers and students. At first, there was no definite name for it. Later, because of the expansion of the French concession, there was a conflict with "Siming public office" of Ningbo Association in Shanghai, and there was a conflict with Britain, the United States, Russia and other countries. Forcason's mediation was eventually satisfied by all parties. In return for fukumori, the local people named the road fukumori road. Since the professors employed by Fukai Sen all live in the urban area, it has been more convenient for teachers to go to work and school since the road was built. Therefore, it is highly praised by teachers and students. At first, Wukang road was a dirt road, with rice, vegetable gardens and farmhouses on both sides. Rivers, ponds and many graves were scattered. In 1914, fucaisen road was officially included in the French concession. According to the most modern urban construction concept in the west at that time, the first French consul in Shanghai, mintini, implemented the overall planning along Wukang Road, and gradually promoted the planning to the surrounding areas with Wukang road as the center.

In 1914, the western district where Wukang road is located was officially included in the French concession, which is often called the new French concession. Due to the strong promotion of technology, capital and culture from France, a French community marked by Wukang road was soon formed. Those who live here are all the officials and senior managers sent by the west to Shanghai, "Chinese and dogs are not allowed to enter", and they have become the Middle Kingdom of Western powers in China. In 1937, the Songhu war broke out. After three months of bloody Anti Japanese War, Shanghai was finally captured by the Japanese army. The French concession with Wukang road as the center entered a four-year "isolated island period". At this time, under the background of the whole Europe suffering from the German Fascist iron hoof slavery, the foreigners in Shanghai began to put down their position. Compared with the continuous war in China's enemy occupied areas and the rampant burning, killing and looting of Japanese aggressors, the concession was relatively stable because it could be sheltered, and merchants and rich people from all over the world rushed here to escape the war. Due to the increasing hot money, the market has been abnormal prosperity, population expansion, some rich businessmen began to invest in construction, built a large number of new lanes around Wukang Road, Wukang road has entered a new period of development.

In 1941, the Pacific War broke out. The West led by the United States had a bad relationship with Japan. The Japanese invaders occupied the French concession in Shanghai and Wukang road fell. In 1943, France announced to give up the French Concession centered on Wukang road. Wang puppet government took the opportunity to "accept" the French concession, and renamed the French Concession where Wukang road was located as the eighth special district of Shanghai. The "acceptance" of Wang puppet government was not accepted by the Kuomintang, the Communist Party and the international community, nor by the domestic people. Wang Jingwei was very upset, but he had nothing to do. He hid in Hunan villa on Wukang road and sulked. After that, Zhou Fohai, Hu Lancheng and Wang Jingwei, the mayor of Shanghai, put forward countermeasures. They suggested that Wang Jingwei change all the more than 200 roads named after foreigners in the concession to be named after the administrative regions of China's provinces, cities and some counties. This has several advantages: first, it shows the independence, dignity and national integrity of Wang Jingwei's government, and can get rid of the traitors Name calling. Second, with the help of the anti colonial indignation of the people all over the country, by changing the name of the road, we can win the hearts of the people and create a fait accompli of "acceptance" in order to stop Chongqing. Third, after the names of these roads are changed into the names of the provinces and cities, the names of these roads will always exist and go down in history. Wang Jingwei was overjoyed and immediately ordered the mayor of Shanghai to do so.

The officer in charge of the name change came to the national administrative map at that time and gave new names to the roads in the concession. After the scheme is formed, the mayor will send it to Wang Jingwei who lives in zhoufohai villa on Wukang road for approval. Wang only paid attention to several important roads, such as fukaisen road. Based on his good impression of going to Mogan mountain through Wukang many times, he told Zhou Fohai that Wukang Mogan mountain is in the mountainous area, and fukaisen road is in the metropolis, but the environment and atmosphere are very similar. Not only foreigners like it, but also politicians and rich businessmen in Shanghai like to go there. Fukaisen road is named after Wukang. Since then, Wukang road has been called in Shanghai beach. Since then, the names of these roads have not been changed. Even during the cultural revolution, the streets of many cities across the country have been changed to revolutionary terms, and there has been no change here.

architectural style

Wukang road is 1183 meters long and 12 to 16 meters wide. The whole road is curved and roughly north-south. Starting from Huashan Road in the north, you can see the Lilac Garden of Li Hongzhang, an important Minister of the late Qing Dynasty, and connecting Tianping road and Yuqing road to Huaihai middle road in the south, facing Song Qingling's former residence. On the road of Wutong, the former residence of the famous celebrities has a high density, and there are about 30 celebrities. Along the Spanish style, French Renaissance style and other styles of architecture is very characteristic, is one of the most European style neighborhoods in the central city of Shanghai.

On both sides of the road are Shanghai's most famous high-end residential areas for westerners, dignitaries, celebrities, businessmen and rich people. For example, No. 67 and 99 in lane 40 are the residence of foreigners; No. 390 is the residence of the Italian consul general. A large number of young people who want to serve their country study abroad through this window. After liberation, it is the seat of Shanghai Automotive Group, a global top 500 enterprise, from which China's first Santa was born No. 393 is the former residence of Huang Xing, the revolutionary pioneer of the Republic of China, where Sun Yat Sen used to stay to discuss the revolution; Hunan villa at the intersection of Wukang road and Hunan was Zhou Fohai's private residence, where Chen Yi and Deng Xiaoping lived temporarily after liberation, and he Zizhen lived in seclusion for more than 20 years; Gao Kun, a Chinese scientist who won the 2009 Nobel Prize in physics, once studied in Wukang road cosmology No. 113 is the former residence of Ba Jin, a great literary master of the generation. Here Ba Jin completed his capriccio, which is called "a great book telling the truth" by literary and ideological circles at home and abroad. Huang Xing's former residence is located at 393 Wukang road.

Dongmeite apartment 858

Wukang building, located at the junction of Huaihai Road and Wukang Road, is the landmark of Wukang road. The excellent historical buildings in Shanghai are registered as immovable cultural relics in Xuhui District. Wukang building is like a huge ship waiting to set sail. It used to be called Normandy apartment. This apartment was invested and built by the French international savings association in 1924 and designed by Hungarian designer Hudec. This is a typical French Renaissance building and the earliest veranda apartment building in Shanghai. The early works of famous architect Hudec. Famous film artists Zheng Junli, Zhao Dan, Qin Yi and sun Daolin once lived here.

Huang Xing's former residence, 393 Wukang Road

The former residence of Huang Xing, a modern Chinese democratic revolutionist, is not open to the outside world. It is an excellent historical building in Shanghai and a cultural relic protection unit in Xuhui District. The early part was built in 1912 in the style of neoclassical architecture. The following part was built in 1933 in the style of Art Deco. Huang Xing (1874-1916), a modern democratic revolutionist, lived here from 1912 to 1916. After the death of Huang Xing, "Huang Gong Guan" changed its ownership several times. In 1932, Cai Yuanpei and Wu Zhihui founded Shanghai International library here. It is the branch of China International Library in Geneva and the first international professional library in China. It moved to Beijing in 1937. It used to be the office building of Shanghai film factory.

Former residence of Tang Shaoyi, No.1, Lane 40, Wukang Road

The excellent historical buildings in Shanghai are registered as immovable cultural relics in Xuhui District. Built in 1932, the Spanish style independent garden house is designed by the famous architect Dong Dayou. Tang Shaoyi (1862-1938), the first Prime Minister of the Republic of China, lived here from 1937 to 1938.

Zhengguanghe, 99 Wukang Road

Chinese PinYin : Wu Kang Lu