Museum of Ming Dynasty city wall history

Along the asphalt road to the east of Jiming temple, passing through the gate of Jiming temple, to the west, there is a section of city wall, which is Taicheng. It is about 250 meters long. According to Shangjiang county annals, "the city behind Jiming temple was built when the capital was expanded in the Ming Dynasty." At first, Zhu Yuanzhang probably wanted to build the city wall behind Jiming temple and connect the stone city to the west through gulougang. Later, he expanded the scope of construction in order to surround Jiming mountain, Shizishan, Ma'anshan, shitoushan and other hills into the city. Therefore, the 250 meter long wall behind Jiming temple has to be abandoned. According to some historians, this section of the city wall is the site of the central government of the Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties, which is known as Taicheng. In 546, Emperor Wu starved to death in Taicheng. In the 12th year of Chen Taijian (580), Sui soldiers went south and captured empress Chen alive, who was in the yanzhijing. These experiences made Taicheng famous all over the world. Scholars of all ages went to Jinling to pay homage to Taicheng. Wei Zhuang, a famous poet of the Tang Dynasty, once paid a tribute here: "the most merciless is the willow in Taicheng, which is still ten Li dike in smoke cage". Taicheng was destroyed many times in history. One was the rebellion of Hou Jing. Three years later, when the Liang army recovered Taicheng, "Wang Shi was cooler than Hou Jing". The third was the Sui Dynasty's extermination of Chen, which made Jiankang's "Chenghuang Palace" flat and cultivated. By the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, Yang Wu had built Jinling City three times, and Taicheng was completely abolished. From Taicheng to Taipingmen, the city wall is 1.7 km long. It is on the edge of the city, overlooking the green dragon of Zhongshan Mountain in the East, the smoke and willows of Xuanwu in the north, the shadow of Jiuhua tower in the south, the crowing of chickens in the west, the yellow walls and green tiles, and the bells of ancient temples.

Museum of Ming Dynasty city wall history

Nanjing Ming City Wall History Museum, located in Xuanwu District, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, is a special historical museum for collecting, displaying and studying the Nanjing city wall. It is subordinate to Nanjing Municipal Bureau of culture, radio, television, press and Publication (bureau of cultural relics).

On June 20, 1997, Nanjing mingchengyuan history museum was approved and officially opened on May 24, 1998. The museum is located at No.8 jiefangmen. The museum is located in the Taicheng section of the Nanjing city wall, covering an area of about 6 kilometers, including the jiefangmen Taipingmen section of the city wall, jiefangmen Xuanwumen section of the city wall, shencemen urn and Nanjing ancient city wall memorial garden. They are responsible for the maintenance and protection of Nanjing city wall together with Nanjing city wall management office.

The museum is located in the scenic Taicheng section of Nanjing city wall. The museum is a special historical museum for collecting, displaying and studying the Nanjing city wall. The rich cultural connotation and the natural scenery of mountain, water, city and forest are the distinctive features of the museum.

Development history

On May 24, 1998, the Nanjing Ming City Wall history museum was officially established. Together with the Nanjing city wall management office, it undertakes the task of maintaining and protecting the Nanjing city wall, with different emphases. The museum is located in the scenic Taicheng section of Nanjing city wall. The museum is a special historical museum for collecting, displaying and studying the Nanjing city wall. The museum not only displays the characteristics of the ancient capital of Nanjing and carries out patriotic education, but also undertakes the task of maintaining and protecting the Ming city wall together with the Nanjing city wall management office.

The rich cultural connotation and the natural scenery of mountain, water, city and forest are the distinctive features of the museum.

Collection

The Museum of Ming City Wall history pays great attention to the collection of collections, often publicizes the relevant laws and regulations and knowledge on the protection of the relics of Ming city wall through the news media, and pays attention to the restoration, protection, management and utilization of the remaining ten kilometers of Ming city wall.

The Museum of Ming Dynasty city wall history mainly collects Ming Dynasty City bricks and many related cultural relics and documents. There are more than 600 kinds of specimens of city bricks, including the "gold bricks" specially used by the Ming court. The brick inscription of Nanjing city wall contains rich cultural connotations and is extremely precious historical relics. The museum also has the wooden piles for the foundation of the Ming Palace Museum and the stones used in ancient wars.

There is a basic display of "Nanjing city wall" in the museum, which systematically introduces the historical evolution and construction characteristics of Nanjing city wall, as well as its position and value in the history of urban development in China and the world. Audiences often have a strong interest in some of the items on display: the most interesting one is a thick and curved old tree root, which was accidentally found during the maintenance of the Taipingmen section of the city wall in 1994. As the root of the tree clings to the city brick year after year and grows tenaciously in the crevice of the wall, the inscription "Jiashou Jintian" and other words on the bark of the tree are clearly displayed, which makes people wonder. Another precious collection is a brick engraved with "the first year of Hongwu", which provides exact evidence for people to study the construction history of Nanjing city wall. At the same time, it also hides a mystery: in the early Ming Dynasty, the word "Yuan" was used instead of "Yuan" and "Xuan" in every book. Why did this brick appear on the Chaoyang Gate? It's still not known. Another exhibit is the head of a smiling face figure. It was found on the site of demolition in 1957. At that time, a brick with the words "Huaining County" was broken. In the meantime, the head of this strange looking man appeared. What's the meaning of it in the brick? This seems to be another puzzle. In practice, museum professionals continue to strengthen research, dig deep into the rich cultural heritage of Nanjing city wall, and strive to make the business construction of the museum reach a newer and higher level.

architectural composition

The museum was planned to be built in July 1996. There are seven exhibition halls and reception halls in the museum, displaying the full view model of the city wall, brick objects, brick inscription rubbings and wall structure of the city wall.

Nanjing Museum of Ming City Wall history is located at No.8 Jiefang gate, the former site of Nanjing Ming city wall, Taicheng city wall. Zijin Mountain in the East, Xuanwu Lake in the north, the scenery is very beautiful.

The city wall of Nanjing in Ming Dynasty is the largest city in the world. Most of it was built along the mountains. What remains today has become the best place for the masses to look up at the new look of Nanjing. The Museum of the city wall of Ming Dynasty makes full use of this favorable condition to actively organize the audience, so that people can feel the great changes of Nanjing and the beauty of contemporary life while accepting the edification of history and cultural relics We should cherish the ancient cultural relics of Nanjing and love the new Nanjing even more.

Venue features

Since the Ming Dynasty, there have been different opinions about the length of the Ming City Wall in Nanjing. In the previous "status quo" surveys after the large-scale demolition of cities in the 1950s, there were many differences in various data, and there was no relatively scientific and unified understanding.

Therefore, on November 28, 2005, the Provincial Bureau of cultural relics and the Provincial Bureau of Surveying and mapping jointly used high-tech surveying and mapping methods to find out the Ming city wall, and the surveying and mapping work was completed on January 28, 2006.

A set of shocking data has finally come out. The total length of Nanjing Ming city wall is 35267 meters, which is 35.267 kilometers, including 25.091 kilometers of ground remains and 10.176 kilometers of ruins.

The Ming city walls are divided into three categories

It is reported that according to the current situation of Nanjing city wall, it can be roughly divided into three categories. Basically intact: more than one third of the original wall remains, that is, no less than 5 meters above the water level.

Relics: less than one-third of the original city wall is reserved, that is, above the water level and below 5 meters.

Ruins: there are no remains on the horizontal surface of the original city wall.

Provincial Bureau of Surveying and Mapping said that the above classification is to increase the scope of protection of Nanjing Ming city wall, which has three bases and significance.

First, the concept of statistics should be updated. In 1988, Nanjing city wall was listed as a "national key cultural relic protection unit", which indicates that it is necessary to expand and adjust the original scope of understanding from the "concept". Top of form bottom of form

In 1958, in the statistics of the "current situation" of the city wall, four concepts were used: "reservation", "demolition", "demolition of bricks, preservation of stones" and "partial demolition, partial preservation".

In 1983, three concepts of "complete length", "half damaged length" and "notch length" were used in the investigation of the "current situation" of the city wall.

In 1988, after the city wall was listed as the "national key cultural relics protection unit", it is obviously not conducive to the scientific protection of Nanjing city wall in the future to use this "concept" to count data.

Secondly, the city wall itself is also changing. After large-scale rush repair and environmental renovation in some areas, the original "concept" has also changed, so it is necessary to redefine it. Since the 1990s, especially since the beginning of the 21st century, Nanjing has carried out large-scale maintenance and renovation of many sections of the Ming Dynasty city wall, and made landmark restoration of the city wall ruins in some landscape areas with Ming Dynasty City bricks. Compared with the original, great changes have taken place.

Finally, we need to reconfirm the property of the city wall in special areas. In the past, all kinds of data statistics of the city wall were mainly based on the number of bricks and stones in the city wall. However, there are many ways to build the wall of Nanjing in Ming Dynasty. Among them, the "Baoshan wall" was partially or completely demolished because of the outer bricks, but only the core wall was completely demolished, which is contrary to the particularity of the structure of the wall of Nanjing.

Now it seems that such a mountain or core wall, as long as it was fully utilized in the construction of the city, and the shape and trend of the city wall can be seen, should be regarded as the ruins of the city wall

Chinese PinYin : Ming Cheng Yuan Shi Bo Wu Guan