WOFO Temple

shifangpujue temple

synonym

WOFO Temple (Beijing Xishan WOFO Temple) generally refers to the Shifang pujue temple

Shifang pujue temple is located at the south foot of shouniu mountain and the east side of Xiangshan Mountain, 30 kilometers away from the urban area. The temple was built in the reign of Zhenguan of Tang Dynasty (627-649). It was formerly known as Douli temple, also known as Shouan temple. After that, the name of the temple changed with the change of dynasties. In the 12th year of Yongzheng reign of Qing Dynasty, it was rebuilt and renamed pujue temple. Because the Tang Dynasty temple has the sandalwood carving into the reclining Buddha. Later, a huge bronze statue of Sakyamuni Buddha Nirvana was cast in the temple in the Yuan Dynasty. Therefore, most people call the temple "WOFO Temple".

On June 25, 2001, it was approved by the State Council of the people's Republic of China and listed in the list of the fifth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

name

The temple was built in Zhenguan period of Tang Dynasty, formerly known as "Douliu Temple". "Douli" is a Sanskrit translation, meaning "wonderful enough" and "contented". In 1320, yuanyingzong (emperor yuanyingzong) succeeded to the throne and expanded on the former site of Douri temple. It was renamed "Zhaoxiao Temple" and later "Hongqing Temple". In 1321, a huge bronze statue of Sakyamuni's nirvana and a clay statue of 12 disciples were cast. After reconstruction in 1443, it was renamed "Shouan Chan Lin". In 1482, it was renamed Yongan temple. In 1734, it was rebuilt and renamed Shifang pujue temple.

history

When pujue temple was first built, its scale was not large. At that time, there was only the part from the Shanmen hall to the Wofo hall in the middle road. The East and West Road courtyard and the Sutra collection building behind the middle road courtyard were all post expanded.

The Yuan Dynasty was a turning point in the development history of the temple. From shuodebala, Yingzong, it was expanded by four successive emperors. The construction period lasted for ten years and consumed five million taels of silver.

In September 1320, Yingzong built shouanshan temple and gave money to qianwanguan. In the first year of the reign of emperor Zhi (1321), when the first month of the reign of emperor Hai came, a Buddhist temple was built in Shouan mountain, and a Treasury was set up to manage the wealth and silk. In March, Yishou Anshan built a temple to serve the army. In December, 500000 Jin of copper was smelted to make Shouan Buddha statue. In August of the second year, 7000 people died in shouanshan temple.

In February 1324, the first year of the reign of emperor TAIDING, Emperor TAIDING set up Xifan Buddhist service in shouanshan temple. In the third year, Emperor TAIDING gave up the record of emperor TAIDING in the history of the Yuan Dynasty.

In the first year of Tianli (1328), Wenzong established Shouan mountain Guiyun tidian office; in the third year, he changed Zhaoxiao Yingxiu Si's "Yuanshi wenzongji".

In the first month of the second year of Shun (1331), Wenzong ordered saledi and other governors to leave the temple unfinished, and more than 24000 households, including Liu Yuanliang, a member of the Jin Dynasty's imperial residence, served as Yongye households in Shouan mountain's dazhaoxiao temple.

In Ming Dynasty, the temple was renovated five times and received six times, which was the heyday of the temple. The first time was from the end of Xuande to the beginning of Zhengtong, the eminent monk Guanglin recruited Zhu Zhonggui to revise Wanshu Zaji (Volume 19). The second time was after the eighth year of Zhengtong (1443), Yingzong built it, named it "shou'an Chan Lin", and issued a set of Buddhist temples (see "Ming Xianzong shou'an Temple Buddha pagoda inscription"). The third time was in 1482, when Emperor Xianzong built the Tathagata pagoda of Shouan temple. The fourth time was in the 35th year of Jiajing (1556), when the volume 111 of the Japanese old news was revised.

The fifth time was in the 14th year of Wanli (1586), when Shenzong paid money for the renovation, and also granted the Tripitaka and brocade quilt.

Among these renovations, the largest one should be the Tathagata pagoda built by Xianzong. The tower is six feet nine feet high, five feet four feet wide and three feet five feet deep. The top of the tower is covered with wheels, the eaves are hung with Baoduo, and the four sides are painted with red chalkiness, forming the image of Bodhisattva. Inside the pagoda is a relic. Outside the pagoda are two halls, two feet high and four feet high. Xianzong not only paid a lot of money to build the pagoda, but also gave five hectares and 25 mu of land to Xiangshan people, such as Xie Zhen, to offer incense to the Buddha pagoda of Shouan temple.

According to Wanshu Zaji, rixia Jiuwen Kao and other books, the five emperors Yingzong, Xianzong, Wuzong, Shizong and Shenzong of Ming Dynasty all visited the temple. Shenzong Zhu Yijun also visited the temple twice.

At the end of Ming Dynasty and the beginning of Qing Dynasty, the society was turbulent, and the Shifang pujue temple was neglected for a period of time. At that time, there were records of "after the chaos, the temple was abandoned and the incense lamps were broken for a long time" (Tianfu Guangji, Vol. 35) and descriptions of "two or three hungry monks, stepping on fallen leaves and guarding the rafters" (North tour record)).

It was not until the Yongzheng period of the Qing Dynasty that Prince Yi Yunxiang gave up his capital to repair the temple that the ten square pujue Temple revived. The construction period of Yunxiang lasted until the early years of Qianlong.

layout

Shifang pujue Temple faces south from north and is divided into three routes.

In the middle of the road, there are "Tongshen Miyang" memorial archway, Gongde pool, bell and Drum Tower, Shanmen hall, four heavenly kings hall, third Buddha Hall, reclining Buddha Hall and Sutra collection building. On both sides, there are Dharma hall, siduo Prince hall and other auxiliary halls. The East Road courtyard is the living place of monks. There are six courtyards, including Dazhai hall, Dachen hall, jiyongxuan, Qingliang hall and zushi courtyard. West Road 5 into the courtyard, including three palace. Therefore, the East and West roads are known as "three palaces and six courtyards". The layout of temples follows the French style of Jialan seven halls in Tang Dynasty, which is very rare in Beijing. There are bronze statues of reclining Buddha in the reclining Buddha Hall.

palace

Three Buddha Hall

The three Buddha Hall is the main hall in Wofo temple. It is named for worshiping the third Buddha (namely, the pharmacist Buddha in the Oriental pure glass world, the Sakyamuni Buddha in the Sava world, and the Amitabha Buddha in the Western Paradise). On the 1-meter-high Xumi seat, three 2.5-meter-high clay statues of Buddha with gold inlaid are sitting on the lotus seat. On both sides of the hall are the painted eighteen Arhats. In the East Hall, there are statues of "Prince siduo" and "King persini", while in the West Hall, there are statues of "patriarch Dharma" and "Bodhisattva dizang".

Reclining Buddha Hall

The hall of reclining Buddha is three rooms wide, with green glazed tiles and yellow cut edges. The couplets on both sides are written by Cixi. The reclining Buddha was cast in 1321, the first year of the reign of emperor Zhizhi of the Yuan Dynasty. The bronze Buddha sleeps horizontally, with its head facing south to the West. Its left hand is naturally placed on its leg, and its right hand is bent to support its head. Behind the reclining Buddha, there are 12 Yuanjue Bodhisattvas. Their facial expressions are heavy and sad, forming a scene of Sakyamuni Nirvana under the Brahma tree, instructing the 12 disciples about their future affairs. The front wall of the hall is hung with a horizontal plaque of "de da Zi Zi". Outside the hall, there are two steles on the left and right. The one on the right was erected in 1734, and the one on the left was erected in 1749. On the stele, there is a brief history of Wofo temple. There were dozens of cupboards in the side hall, all of which contained volumes of scriptures. They were sealed and locked at ordinary times. They were opened and unlocked only when the Scriptures were aired on June 24 every year. The sutra was destroyed in 1966.

Shanmen Hall

Shanmen hall, take "three doors" homonym. Meaning: in one day, the three gates lead to a quiet place. The plaque on the gate of the temple was originally mentioned by Emperor Yongzheng: ten square pujue temple, and now it is mentioned by the late chairman of the Buddhist Association, Mr. Zhao Puchu. The temple is dedicated to the gatekeeper, the second general of hem ha.

Tianwang Hall

There are six Buddha statues in the hall: Maitreya Buddha, four heavenly kings and Bodhisattva Weituo.

Maitreya Bodhisattva, whose free translation is Ci Shi, is transliterated as Meiliya and meitali medicine. It is one of the eight major Bodhisattvas in Buddhism. In Mahayana Buddhist classics, it is often called aido Bodhisattva. It is the successor of Sakyamuni Buddha and is often honored as Maitreya Buddha.

The four heavenly kings are the Dharma protectors of Buddhism, also known as the four heavenly kings of protecting the world. They are the four heavenly gods in the twenty days of Buddhism, and are located in the first heaven in the world of SAHA desire. The first heaven, also known as four days, is located on the four peaks of Xumi mountain. The statues of the four heavenly kings are usually placed on both sides of the first Hall of the Buddhist temple.

The third Buddha Hall

The third Buddha Hall is also known as the great hall. It is the largest of all the temples, with five rooms wide and three rooms deep. It has green glazed tiles and yellow trimmed single eaves on the top of the mountain. In front of the hall, there is a wooden plaque of "Shuanglin Suijing" written by Yongzheng on the forehead. On both sides of the door, there are couplets inscribed by Emperor Qianlong: "green bamboo, yellow flowers, empty color of Zen forest, pearl of baochuang, wonderful and solemn of Fanyu". It was written by AI xinjueluo PuJie. The hall is dedicated to Wang III Buddha, the Amitabha Buddha of the Western Paradise. The East and west sides of the third Buddha are dedicated to the eighteen Arhats, and the rear is dedicated to the island Guanyin.

traffic

Take bus 318 at Apple Garden Station, or take bus 330, 360, 904 at summer palace station to Wofosi station.

repair

With the approval of the State Administration of cultural relics, the Wofo temple in Beijing Botanical Garden will be repaired from July 18 to November 10, 2019. In order to ensure safety, the Wofo temple will be closed as a whole during the construction period and reopened to the public after the completion of the project.

Address: yunyanshan, 16km north of Baoshan City

Longitude: 99.20979309082

Latitude: 25.20985031279

Ticket information: market price: 5.0 yuan

Chinese PinYin : Wo Fo Si