Lingyuan Temple

Lingyuan Temple

Lingyuan mountain, 305 meters high, is located seven kilometers north of Anhai Town, Jinjiang, Fujian Province, behind Lingshui village. Because the top of the mountain was flat, it was called Taiping mountain and Pengshan mountain in the Tang Dynasty; Wu Zhongfu, Wu Zhongchun and Kunzhong, the imperial censors of song Renzong '. Nanpo is a famous mountain in QUANNAN, where there is a rare evergreen broad-leaved forest of Quercus glauca, Castanopsis kawakamii and Cinnamomum camphora. The mountain is covered with pines and cypresses, flowers and trees, and rocks.

Historical review

There are many scholars in Lingyuan mountain who have studied in the past dynasties. Ouyang Zhan, who was the first to open the eight min section in the Tang Dynasty, once lived in this mountain and studied for three years. Lin Zhi, a famous scholar in Song Dynasty, was buried in Lingyuan mountain. After that, Lin Zhi, a grandson, wrote his masterpiece "green mountains beyond the mountains".

The poet of "Louwailou" also studied in Ziyun room in the mountain. In the mountains, Wang Han, who served as the general manager of Chaozhou road in the Yuan Dynasty and lived in the sandy embankment of the city after the death of the Yuan Dynasty, called himself "youshishan man" on the huanlingyuan mountain in changpan. In the Ming Dynasty, Huang Kehui, Wang Shenzhong, Chen rang, Zhang ruitu, Su Jun and other celebrities all left poems chanting Lingyuan mountain, which has been widely praised.

In Lingyuan mountain, there are Lingyuan temple, a thousand year old temple famous for Lingying, as well as buyunguan, wangjiangshi, Shijing Taoist pagoda, ziyunshi, lingquanjing, qixingdun, Gongpo stone, shizai stone, linghutian and other monuments. Among them, "linghutian" was inscribed by Cheng Chunfu, a famous official of the Ming Dynasty, in the 47th year of Wanli.

It is said that as early as the eighth year of kaihuang reign (589) in the early Sui Dynasty, some monks set up a temple on the top of Lingyuan mountain to worship Guanyin. Cai Mingjun, a Taoist who lived in seclusion in the nunnery in 792, the eighth year of emperor Dezong's reign, and Shoujing, a monk of the temple, jointly expanded the temple. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty (1368), Chen Youliang was defeated. His valiant general Zhang Dingbian also fled to this mountain and became a monk. He was called musao Zen master and built a new temple on the hillside in the early Hongwu year of the Ming Dynasty. The temple is divided into upper and lower Temples: shangmingtiangongan (Temple), which is often covered by purple clouds, is called "Ziyun Temple" (later destroyed); and xiaminglingyuan Temple (Lingyuan Temple). In 1409, a "Jiyun academy" was built on the left side of the temple, which is called Zhuzi temple. During the Zhengde period (around 1506), Wu Dongli, who was proficient in Canyu, personally raised a nunnery and Madame's Palace on the right side, and built a temple wall. Therefore, the scale of the temple was initially determined. Su Jun, a man of the Ming Dynasty, wrote in his poem "Ode to Lingyuan nunnery" that his shape is better than others: "the dark room on Danya is isolated from the sky, and he moves back to the different valleys all the way. Some visitors do not sweep the moss at the entrance, and there are no monks and birds calling to each other. Chest swallow Bo Rao three islands, hand clap Fuqiu pour a hundred pots. The night is quiet, the bell rings to wake up the guest's dream, and the smallpox is out of the fairy capital. "

Reconstruction planning

According to master Hongfa, the restoration and reconstruction of Lingyuan temple is based on the concept of inheritance and innovation, and actively advocates the combination of tradition and the characteristics of the times. The overall layout is divided into five functional areas: left, middle and right, and "one district and four gardens". In the middle part of the temple is the main building of the Buddhist area, which will be built with Tianwang hall, Daxiong hall, sutra collection building, Dharma hall, Buddha chanting hall and other buildings; on the left side is Prajna garden, followed by Jingyuan; on the right side is Bodhi Garden, followed by Yixin garden. The whole Lingyuan temple is located on the mountain and has rich vision. It has not only a spacious hall and open space, green space and water system, but also a living area and scenic spots for monks. Standing in the main hall, you can have a panoramic view of Taihu Lake. According to the plan, after the reconstruction, Lingyuan temple will become a quiet Daoism hall for four people to practice together, another successful example to show Buddhist culture, an institution of higher learning to cultivate the quality of Buddhist disciples, another practice form of human Buddhist thought, and another opportunity for Buddhism to communicate with foreign friends As an important window, Dongshan has become a Buddhist scenic spot on the edge of Taihu Lake and a halo for the harmonious development of society.

What it looks like today

After being protected and repaired by generations of monks, Lingyuan temple has become one of the most famous Buddhist temples in QUANNAN.

From 1982 to 1995, Lingyuan Temple opened the Panshan road from Quanan road to the temple. Two magnificent mountain gates were built 300 meters away from the temple and beside the main hall square. There are seven pavilions, including Bashang Pavilion, Tzu Chi Pavilion and Sida Pavilion, on the left and right sides of the temple and near the mountain gate.

The original temple and its ancillary buildings on both sides were expanded into a towering hall with five bays and three entrances, double eaves and top of the mountain, covering an area of 462 square meters. In front of the hall, there is a three Bay Pavilion, with its cornices and ridges, resplendent and magnificent. The pavilions and galleries are made of exquisitely carved blue stone Panlong pillars, There are gold-plated couplets inscribed on the column, including the famous couplets "Lingshan mountain is good for the West heaven, the source water can reach the south sea tide" which is said to be inscribed by Zeng Gongliang, the Prime Minister of Song Dynasty, and the famous couplets "Congwen Sixiu was born; the Dharma world set the wisdom of all living beings to open their own halls" which are handed down from ancient times, such as "deep spring rain at Dongkou, fishing lantern at Haimen in the middle of the night". There are also plaques inscribed with the title of "ancient Buddha" by Zhuang Junyuan, the Hanlin of the Qing Dynasty, "Lingyuan Temple" by Zhao Puchu, chairman of the Chinese Buddhist Association, and "Temple of heaven" by Peng chongti, former vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.

In 1998, a series of three halls were built after the main hall, with the main hall in the middle, the dizang hall on the right and the zushi hall on the left. In front of the hall, there is a 1500 square meter reinforced concrete square, which is very spacious. In front of the square, a row of double-layer rooms on the ground were built to serve as dormitories and canteens for the reception of guests. Lingyuan mountain, which is high and low, has a more beautiful landscape, which is complementary to the beautiful scenery of Lingyuan mountain. It's no wonder that tourists are attracted day by day and they forget to return. The original temple and its ancillary buildings on both sides were expanded into a towering hall with five bays and three entrances, double eaves and top of the mountain, covering an area of 462 square meters. In front of the hall, there is a three Bay Pavilion, with its cornices and ridges, resplendent and magnificent. The pavilions and galleries are made of exquisitely carved blue stone dragon pillars with gold-plated couplets engraved on them. It is said that the prime minister Zeng Gongliang of the Song Dynasty wrote "Lingshan mountain is good for the Western Heaven, and the source water can reach the south sea tide", and the calligraphy master Zhang ruitu of the Ming Dynasty wrote "when was the great master Congwen Sixiu born; the Dharma circle set up the wisdom of all living beings", as well as an ancient style Some famous couplets, such as "misty rain in spring at Dongkou, fishing lantern at Haimen in the middle of the night", have been passed down. There are also plaques inscribed with the title of "ancient Buddha" by Zhuang Junyuan, the Hanlin of the Qing Dynasty, "Lingyuan Temple" by Zhao Puchu, chairman of the Chinese Buddhist Association, and "Temple of heaven" by Peng chongti, former vice chairman of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress.

History and culture

The literati of the past dynasties have a unique love for Lingyuan temple, which is proved by poems. The poem "entering Lingyuan Temple" by Kong Zhenming of Qing Dynasty says: "the ancient temple is in the territory, and the next life is outside the heart. Haze light and rain talk, tree color, shade in front of the door. They feed on the mountain mice and pass through the wild birds of machuan. Ask spring has gone, moss path stone deep It fully expresses that at that time, the ancient trees of the mountain gate were towering, the twigs and branches of the mountain were rolling, the old cadres were covered, the sun was covered with shade, and the mountain mice and wild cranes were sentimental, and they would come to pay homage from time to time. Wen Zhengming of the Ming Dynasty wrote the poem "sulingyuan Temple": "at night, I go to Lingyuan with Zhong fan, and I laugh at the empty hall to get rid of sleep. He talks about many old ideas, and sometimes he lives on a Zen couch. From the pines and cypresses, the mountains and the moon shake, and from the buildings, the moths smoke. When the dust sentence comes down, I'm at a loss. " This paper describes the situation when the putuan surrounded the yuseng with a candle, which was forgotten for a while. In 792, Shoujing, a monk and Cai Ming, a Taoist, expanded Lingyuan temple. Ouyang Zhan, who won the "dragon and tiger list" in the eighth year of Zhenyuan, once wrote a famous couplet: "ancient temples in Sui and Tang Dynasties, famous mountains in Fujian and Vietnam." Wu Dongli, a native of Lingshui in the Ming Dynasty, also said that "carp paddles on the rooftop". It can be seen that Lingyuan temple is an ancient temple with a long history and has long been famous for its magnificence. After returning home from seclusion, the Prime Minister of the Ming Dynasty, Wang Zhen built "KeYue hall" and "Deyue Pavilion" in the southeast of the temple. In the 19th year of the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, Mr. Li Genyuan, a famous scholar in modern times and a veteran of the Kuomintang, wrote a stone plaque with four characters: "biluochunxiao" and "biluochunxuan" beside it.

Relic dependence

Although Lingyuan temple was destroyed in the "Cultural Revolution", it records the historical sites of the ancient temple.

Monument to the eternal prohibition of Fengxian

On the wall of a half collapsed house, there is a "Fengxian yongban stele". Under the stele is engraved "the 19th year of Jiaqing". It can be seen that the stele was made in the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty. The inscription on the stone tablet tells us the vicissitudes of Lingyuan Temple: "Lingyuan temple covers an area of 96 mu. It was built in the first year of Liang Tianjian (502 A.D.), burned down by fire at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, and rebuilt in Zhengde of the Ming Dynasty.". This monument provides detailed historical data for the restoration and reconstruction of Lingyuan temple.

Ancient Podocarpus

The ancient luohansong (also known as shenshenshu) is located in front of the original Daxiong hall. Mr. Li Gengen called it "Qijue". He is more than 1500 years old. The tree trunk is thick and strong, with twigs winding around it, like a dragon circling up. It is a rare treasure. What's more amazing is that the ancient tree died because of the rise and fall of the temple. It was regarded as "the tree of gods" by the local people, and there were many pilgrims. In the past, the tree has slowly withered and died, the temple has been restored and rebuilt, the tree has sprouted again, the branches and leaves are luxuriant, and it is vigorous to pull up. The height of the tree is more than 20 meters. Only four or five people can embrace it.

Lingyuan ancient well

Julinli, located in the southwest corner of the ancient luohansong, is one of the five ancient wells in Dongshan. The ancient well is also the holy water of the spring well in the temple. It is a famous Lingyuan spring. When I visited the mine, I saw that the green stone circle was covered with moss,

Chinese PinYin : Ling Yuan Si