Haizhou ancient city

Haizhou ancient city

Haizhou is the source, origination and starting point of Lianyungang. Haizhou ancient city is located in the southwest of Xinhai District of Lianyungang City. The ancient city has a history of more than 2000 years. Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, it has always been the political, economic and cultural center of Hai, Gan, Shu and Guan areas. It is known as the "giant town of huaikou", "famous county in the East China Sea" and "the first city from Huaihai to the East". However, in modern times, after the Tancheng earthquake in 1668 and the Japanese bombing in 1939, guhaizhou city finally disappeared in the Great Leap Forward period and the cultural revolution. In 1991, Haizhou District of Lianyungang City transformed the ancient city of Haizhou with an area of 2 square kilometers. Eight ancient streets and lanes were built and restored, Quyang gate was restored, the bell and Drum Tower was restored, and 150000 square meters of antique buildings were completed. The style of the ancient city was basically restored. The buildings along the street are scattered and colorful. It is praised as "the Confucius Temple in Northern Jiangsu".

geographical environment

With a history of more than 2000 years, Haizhou is the predecessor of Lianyungang City in Jiangsu Province. It is located in the north of Jinping Mountain, only 5 kilometers away from the city center. It was here that the Longhai railway was built. After the unification of China by the first emperor of Qin Dynasty, Qu county was built in Haizhou in 212 B.C., and a stone tower was set up as the "East Gate of Qin Dynasty". In the Qin and Han Dynasties, Haizhou was an open commercial port capable of berthing dozens of merchant ships. Qin Shihuang visited Haizhou five times and three times, which made it the only door open to overseas at that time.

Haizhou is the cradle of Lianyungang City. It was called Qu county in the Qin and Han Dynasties. It was called Haizhou in the seventh year of Wuding in the Eastern Wei Dynasty (549 AD). Since the Qin and Han Dynasties, it has been the political, economic and cultural center of Hai, Gan, Shu, Guan areas and even the surrounding broader areas. Ancient Haizhou is famous for its prosperous economy, commerce, beautiful scenery and many places of interest.

Historical evolution

Haizhou city was first built in 512 A.D. (the 11th year of Tianjian, Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty). There are mountains in the South and sea in the north of Haizhou City, so there are only two East and West gates at the earliest. The east gate is no longer there, and the west gate is the drum tower now. Therefore, to the east of the drum tower is the old city, that is, Qu county before the southern and Northern Dynasties. To the west of the drum tower is the new city, which was added in the Tang and Song dynasties.

In 1162 ad (the 23rd year of Shaoxing in the Song Dynasty), Wei Sheng, a rebel army, resisted Jin Shoucheng, built walls of Haizhou city and dredged the moats. When Jin Bing arrived at the foot of Haizhou City, he climbed up Baihu mountain to peep at the movement of the city. In order to strengthen the garrison, Wei Sheng mobilized the masses to build the outer city and brought BaiHushan into the city. In 1255, Li Tan built Haizhou city again.

Zhang Lei, one of the four scholars of Sumen in the Song Dynasty, wrote a poem "City Tower of denghaizhou", which says: cangming flows day and night outside the city, and the mountain in the south of the city faces the head of the city. In the rain field, the grass is ripe first, and the trees are windy and the leaves are easy to fall. From these four poems, we can see the general situation inside and outside Haizhou city.

In the Yuan Dynasty, Xicheng was abolished. At the beginning of Ming Dynasty, the earth city was built along the former site of Xicheng. The boundary of the city was on the floodplain of the Rose River, so it was later known as linhaimen in the East and shuiguanmen in the West.

In the 13th year of Hongwu reign of the Ming Dynasty, he guarded the king of Wei, and built an earth city on the site of Xicheng. Part of the city wall began to be built with bricks. In the 16th year of Yongle reign, Haizhou city was built with bricks and stones, with a circumference of 130 steps, about 4600 meters, and a height of two feet and five feet, about 8 meters. The four gates are: the east gate is called Zhenhai because it is close to the sea. Ximen Tonghe: tonghuai. South gate is located on the high slope, straight to Qushan, known as Quyang. The north gate faces Linhong, which is called Linhong. Yuwang temple is built on the west side of the north gate, which has the meaning of water. The city bridge is also known as the fourth bridge, because the river leads to the four city gates. Shiqiao is a wharf in the city, and the water from the East, South and north gates all comes out from the west gate, so it is called shuiguanmen.

At the end of the Ming Dynasty, the Japanese invaders invaded the coastal areas and repaired the city. By the sixth year of Longqing, the wall was ten feet thick and four feet thick.

In the seventh year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, an earthquake occurred in Tancheng, Shandong Province, and Haizhou city collapsed two thirds of the time. In Qianlong's year, it was rebuilt. In order to prevent water, the trench was deepened. After the Republic of China, Haizhou was changed into Donghai County. The county government has been in Haizhou City, with a total length of 15 Li and a prominent west gate. The city is divided into Confucian temple and Yanqiao, with a population of 12000.

As Haizhou is the administrative center of HaiGan Shuguan, the office of administrative inspector of the eighth District of Jiangsu Province was stationed in tianhougong and later moved to Xinpu. To the east of tianhougong is the seat of Donghai County Government and later moved to Erying lane. Throughout the whole city of Haizhou, it is obviously divided into East and west parts, with the drum tower in the middle.

On February 27, 1939, the Japanese tengben brigade occupied Ganyu County. On the same day, the Japanese army invaded Shuyang from Suqian and occupied Shuyang that night. On March 1, 1939, with the cooperation of the fourth fleet of the Navy and the seventh flying regiment of the air force, the 21st wing of the fifth division of the Japanese aggressor army landed at guanhekou and occupied Yanwei port and Chenjiagang, the salt distribution centers of Huaibei. On the same day, it went up the Guanhe River to xiangshuikou and near Xin'an town. On March 2, 1939, the advance team of Japanese 21 regiment occupied Dayi mountain and occupied Banpu on March 4, 1939.

On March 3, 1939, another group of Japanese troops landed from cuanzikou and occupied Nancheng on March 4, 1939. At the same time, one infantry brigade of the 114 division, one infantry brigade of the 21st division and the 212nd wing of the fifth division of the Japanese army captured Haizhou city in the morning. At this point, all the sea areas were occupied. The Japanese bombed the harbor, Haizhou, Qingkou, Nancheng, Xinpu, Yuntaishan and other places, burning, killing and looting villages and civilians. According to incomplete statistics, only Guanyun (including most of today's Guannan county), Ganyu and Lunan Donghai counties were killed, 2047 disabled, 4474 strong men arrested, 5901 widows (lack of Lunan Donghai), 256833 houses burned, 34394 large livestock lost, 34.03 million kg of grain robbed and burned. The Japanese bombed Haizhou city in turn, resulting in no complete large-scale buildings in Haizhou City, and the ancient city became a piece of scorched earth. The examination shed and the beautiful environment of Donghai Normal University (today's Lianyungang Normal College) are only a few ruins.

From May 20 to 23, 1938, the Japanese army stormed Banpu for four days in a row. The ancient town was filled with gunpowder smoke. The walls collapsed, the houses collapsed and the cries continued for days. More than 700 houses in the city were destroyed and more than 70 people were killed and injured. Chongqingyuan, yanyicang, erxu's former residence and other ancient buildings were blown into ruins. Sanyuan palace, an ancient temple, is surrounded by 13 temples, forming a large-scale ancient architectural complex. As a result of one bombing and three arsons by the Japanese army, in addition to the Lingguan hall, the three Yuan emperor (Yao, Shun and Yu), thousand volumes of Buddhist scriptures and other precious cultural relics and ancient buildings were reduced to ashes.

Since 1991, Haizhou District has taken the construction of "a historical and cultural ancient city integrating commerce and tourism" as its goal, transformed the 2 square kilometer Haizhou ancient city, built and restored 8 ancient streets and lanes, completed 150000 square meters of antique buildings, and basically restored the style of the ancient city. The buildings along the street are scattered and colorful. It is praised as "the Confucius Temple in Northern Jiangsu".

In 2015, the plan of Haizhou ancient city's rejuvenation was launched in an all-round way. With the means of "rejuvenating the shape of the ancient city and highlighting the impression of the ancient city" and the goal of "promoting the rejuvenation of the ancient city and building a happy block", the plan focused on "one temple, one street and one road",

Adhere to the principle of "repair the old as the old, restore the original appearance", and strive to use three to five years to build the ancient city of Haizhou into a famous historical and cultural city in Northern Jiangsu and southern Shandong.

Main attractions

Surrounding scenic spots

Kong Wangshan

Because Confucius climbed the mountain and looked at the sea, he became a thousand year old mountain in the history of Chinese culture. Kongwang mountain, a national 4A scenic spot, is located in the east of Haizhou ancient city, Lianyungang City, Jiangsu Province, and the north foot of Jinping Mountain. It is 800 meters long from east to west, 300 meters wide from north to south, and 129 meters above sea level. It is said that Confucius once climbed this mountain to look at the East China Sea, so it is called Kongwang mountain. In Tang Dynasty, this mountain was called Longxing mountain. In Southern Song Dynasty, it was also called Xunwang mountain. Famous for its rich cultural landscape, it is a national scenic spot and a national key cultural relic protection unit.

 

Shipeng mountain

Shipengshan national AAA scenic spot is located not far from the east of Haizhou city. It is hidden in hundreds of acres of peach orchards, with a sea of flowers in spring. Although the Shipeng mountain is not too high, it has many strange rocks. By virtue of their rich imagination, the ancients gave life to many stubborn stones, such as Wanhua rock, bergamot rock, turtles exploring the sea, rhinoceros fighting for elephants, Tianzhan jumping alone, seal watching the moon, golden monkey worshiping the mountain, and the ingenious sword testing stone, Furong cave, and xiaojiuqu, all of which are enough for tourists to stop and enjoy and forget to return.

 

There is a stone shed on the top of the mountain, which is engraved with the four characters "Gao Xing Qing Feng". This is written by the governor of Haizhou at that time to praise Shi Manqing's conduct. It is said that Shi Manqing used to read, play the piano, drink and have fun here, so later generations engraved six big characters of "Shi Manqing's reading place" on the stone wall, deep into the stone bone, simple and lovely. Shipeng mountain has been famous for hundreds of miles, attracting guests from all over the world.

 

Taohuajian

Taohuajian is located at the south foot of Jinping Mountain, 9 kilometers away from Lianyungang City. Here, green mountains and clear waters, deep valleys and streams, and peach blossom blossoms bloom in April every year. Peach blossom streams and mountain streams set off each other, and the scenery is picturesque and beautiful. Peach blossom streams attract tourists, so it is called "peach blossom stream".

Taohuajian is known as "Jiuzhaigou in Northern Jiangsu" for its beautiful landscape and beautiful scenery

Chinese PinYin : Hai Zhou Gu Cheng