Bajianquan

Bajianquan

Bajian spring is located in Xuzhou, the hometown of Han culture, at the foot of dingtangshan, Hanwang town. It was formed in the second year of Gaozu in the Western Han Dynasty. It has continuous mountains and rivers. It is known as "the landscape is the same color, and it is known as a rich resource". Xuzhou is a famous hometown of flowers, fruits and roses. It is said that Liu Bang and Xiang Yu fought at the foot of dingtang mountain in Hanwang town. The Han soldiers were very thirsty. Liu Bang took out his sword to plunge into the ground and the spring gushed out. It flows for more than four miles and flows underground. It does not overflow in the rainy season and does not dry up in the dry season. The villagers call it Longqiu. In the dry season, the spring is full of water after praying. The scenery is beautiful and peculiar, so it is called dingtangyiquan.

Human history

Historical records

Chen Yaowen of Ming Dynasty wrote in tianzhongji: "when Gaodi of Han Dynasty entered Pengcheng, he heard that he was trapped by Chu in Xuzhou, and Han soldiers were thirsty. The emperor inserted his sword into the ground, and the spring gushed out immediately. The water did not overflow and the drought did not dry up. The natives called him Longqiu."

According to the general annals of Jiangnan written by Zhao Hongen in the Qing Dynasty, "dingtang mountain is twenty-five miles southwest of (Xuzhou) Prefecture. There is dingtang in the East, so it is called bajianquan. The local people call it Longqiu, and they should pray for rain. "

According to the orthodox Pengcheng annals of the Ming Dynasty, "the Dragon King Temple is 20 miles west of the city (Xuzhou). In front of the temple is the spring of Gaodi's sword. The old temple has been abandoned. In the 32nd year of Hongwu, Yang Jiezhong, the governor of the state, went back to the old foundation to rebuild it."

Yang Jiezhong, the magistrate of Xuzhou, wrote in the tablet of praying for rain in Xuzhou's bajian spring: "twenty miles to the west of Xuzhou City, the place name of dingtang is called bajian spring. It is said that emperor Gao of the Han Dynasty entered Pengcheng Lei and was trapped by Chu. When it was dry and the soldiers were short of water, the emperor inserted his sword into the ground and the spring gushed out. Chi Youlong is a supernatural person. He serves as an ancestral temple. He should pray in case of drought. "

The origin of allusions

According to historical records, Liu Bang was named Queen of the Han Dynasty. In the spring of 205 BC, Chengxu occupied Pengcheng, the capital of the Western Chu state. Xiang Yu, the overlord, heard of the news and led 30000 elite soldiers to recapture Pengcheng. Liu Bang led his troops to retreat to the foot of dingtang mountain, the king of the Han Dynasty. They were very sleepy and had no choice but to drop water for a few days "I'll die, too!" I didn't expect that when he pulled out the sword from the crack in the stone, the spring gushed out with the sword. At the same time, his restless horses also used their hooves to get out of the spring. From then on, in memory of Liu Bang, later generations named these two springs "Ba Jian Quan" and "Ma PA Quan". The bajian spring is a diamond shaped spring, just like the trace left when a sword is inserted into the ground. Su Shi, the magistrate of Xuzhou, once opened a channel for the bajian spring, which made the spring flow northward into Shigou Lake (now Yunlong Lake) and formed the Yudai River.

"The Han King's remains are still dense. Outside the blue peak, a hundred Zhang clear water drags along the green trees. It sounds like the battle of the dragon, the cold of the Mang and the smoke of the baling. The gap is lonely and the Wujiang River is cold. I don't believe that Qingliu is far away from here.". This ancient poem entitled "the spring of pulling sword" was written by a Xuzhou magistrate named Shao Daye in the 33rd year of Qianlong reign of Qing Dynasty.

Walking slowly along the lake, you can see a pool of green water and pavilions and bridges, surrounded by green trees, microwave waves in the lake, ducks floating on the water, and the scenery is pleasant. On the east shore of the lake, there is a stone tablet protruding on the water, on which three red characters "sword testing stone" are engraved. It is said that Su Zhe of Song Dynasty once watched sword testing stone with Su Shi and wrote an inscription on sword testing stone.

Couplet of related Poems

Su Zhe, the stone inscription of sword test in Pengcheng Hanzu Temple

There are stones in the temple of emperor Gao of Han Dynasty, which are three feet and six inches high. The middle crack is like a broken bamboo. My father said, "this is the sword testing stone of the emperor." In the tenth year of Xining reign, Su Shi, a native of Shu, was the guardian of Pengcheng. His younger brother, zhe Shiyu, went to the temple and looked at the stone. He wrote that the prosperity of Wei and Han dynasties had never existed in three generations. With the sword, the hero runs away. At the beginning of Jue's experiment, the rocks were dissected. Night break snake, Dan weeps God mother. He was the leader of the Qin and Xiang dynasties. It's a couple of one husband. The Lord will be, the mountain decadent. With the spirit of the great things, no more hands. The armory was burned and the emperor ordered it to be taken. There is no old stone.

Shao Daye (magistrate of Xuzhou in Qing Dynasty)

The Han Emperor's remains are still dense. A stream of dark Xie Bi Feng, baizhangqing drag green trees. Liuxiang dispels the remnant dragon's fighting spirit, and Manghan frets the baling smoke. The gap is lonely, the Wujiang River is cold, and I don't believe in Qingliu.

Yu Shen (a year old Gongsheng in Tongshan in the late Qing Dynasty)

I come to reminiscent of the Han king temple, a water to send a cup. In memory of the past, we won Xianjing by chasing deer, and kunjing was hit by three feet of sword. Generals, warriors, dragons and tigers, cunning rabbits are lucky to be cooked by running dogs.

Xu Shuxin (famous poet)

Jianquan peach and plum spring, Baimei QIANZI different. After Erya's return, Liu Xiang's departure, he xianbi's green mountain flows to the East.

Yang Jiezhong (magistrate of Xuzhou in Ming Dynasty)

The door is winding, the water dragon and snake move, and the door is hiding the tiger and leopard around the mountain.

Folklore

Liu Bang and bajianquan in Han Dynasty

There are four versions of the legend of the spring of pulling swords, three of which have the same background: after Liu Bang captured Pengcheng in 205 BC, he was greedy for wine and lust, and neglected to defend himself, and his army of five or six hundred thousand was defeated by Xiang Yu's thirty thousand elite soldiers. Liu Bang led the remnant to escape and came to the foot of dingtang mountain. He was thirsty and embarrassed, so there was the story of the sword spring.

Another legend is that after Liu Bang's snake cutting uprising, he hid in a valley in Anhui Province (now known as huangcang Valley). Later, he was chased by Qin soldiers and fled between luer mountain and Heishan mountain. People were hungry and thirsty, and it was hard to move. But in these four legends, the details of Liu Bang's "drawing sword" are different

The first version is: Liu Bang fled to the foot of dingtang mountain and ordered the soldiers to draw water everywhere. He also jumped off his mount and thrust his sword into the ground to tie his horse. Then he went with everyone to find water. After Liu Bang left, his horse used his front hooves to dig the ground, and finally the spring came out. The soldiers immediately reported to Liu Bang. Liu Bang was naturally happy and ran back. Unexpectedly, I was caught by a green stone. When I got up, I saw that under the stone, there was a spring. Liu Bang was even more happy. He came to him and suddenly pulled out his sword. Unexpectedly, the spring gushed out several feet high with the sword. These three springs were named by later generations: Ma PA spring, trip well and Ba Jian spring.

The second version is: Liu Bang fled to the foot of dingtang mountain. He was short of horses. In desperation, he pulled out his sword and stabbed it underground. He looked up to the sky and sighed: "I am dead, too. "Unexpectedly, when the sword was drawn, the spring water gushed out. The oolongju he was riding also scraped the ground and water with his hooves. So they named them bajianquan and mabaquan respectively.

The third version is: Liu Bang dismounts at dingtang mountain, thrusts his sword into the ground, sits down, looks up to the sky and sighs: "will Liu Bang really be defeated by Xiang Yu? "The jujube horse heard his sigh and screamed. His two front hooves kept scratching the ground, but it came out of the water. Liu Bangyi was so happy that he pulled out his sword and burst out of the water. From this came the names of Ba Jian Quan and Ma PA Quan.

The above three versions of the legend all took place at the foot of dingtang mountain.

A legend that happened outside dingtang mountain is that Liu Bang was chased to heishankou (also in Hanwang town) by Qin soldiers. He held up his sword to heaven and sighed: "God, if Liu Bang is here, water comes from the stone. "After that, poke the sword into the ground and enter the stone three feet. When you draw the sword, the water gushes out from the crevice of the stone, so it's called the spring of drawing the sword. After Liu Bang's death, his horse kept digging stones with his hooves and digging out many springs. Because the springs are like sieves, this spring is also called sieve bottom spring.

The above legends are quite understandable in different versions. Because it's a legend, it's hard to avoid many changes. Legend is a kind of folk literature, which increases one's creativity and imagination. So there is no right or wrong in the legend, believe it or not.

Famous scenic spot

Xuzhou is surrounded by mountains on three sides. There were 72 mountain springs in ancient times. The most famous is yinhequan, which is located on Yunlong mountain. The second is the bajian spring, which has three places: the Hushan mountain, which is more than 30 Li south of the city, the dingtang mountain, which is more than 20 Li southwest of the city, and the Erlang mountain, which is northeast of the city. The three mountain springs are all called bajian spring, and they are all related to Liu Bang. However, the most famous spring still gushes day and night, only the one in dingtang mountain. Now it belongs to Hanwang town of Tongshan County, so it is also called Hanwang bajian spring. Around the bajian spring of the Han Dynasty, a prismatic well ring was built decades ago, like the shape of a giant sword. The spring formed a lake for storing water. The water is clear and slightly sweet, with a constant temperature of 16 ℃. The daily water yield is about 2000 cubic meters and 2500 cubic meters respectively. Surrounded by the tall Wutong trees, the water can reflect clear reflections.

Su Shi and his younger brother Su Zhe visited here and wrote a preface to the sword and stone of Gaozu Temple of the Han Dynasty in Pengcheng. The preface said: "the stone of GAODI Temple of the Han Dynasty is more than three feet high, and its middle crack is like a broken bamboo, which is not enough. My father said: 'this is the emperor's sword testing stone. "Now the sword stone stands in the lake, half out of the water.

There is a statue of Liu Bang in the east of bajian spring, and a "Shizu" in the west of the spring, which is a male genitalia made of stone.

status

The water gushing from the two springs is clean and moist day and night. The water flow is about 2592 / m3 per day, which has become one of the important water sources for irrigation in Hanwang town.

In the green grass on the South Bank of the bajian spring, there are more than ten tablets of different sizes. The inscriptions on the tablets record the immortal history of the square Shenquan for thousands of years, which confirms the surging of the bajian spring for thousands of years and the simple Han style.

Chinese PinYin : Ba Jian Quan