Laojun Mountain in Luoyang

Laojun Mountain

synonym

Luoyang Laojun Mountain generally refers to Laojun Mountain (Luoyang Luanchuan Laojun Mountain, national AAAAA scenic spot)

Laojun Mountain, formerly known as Jingshi mountain, is located 3000 meters southeast of Luanchuan County in Luoyang, the ancient capital of the thirteen dynasties. It is the main peak of Funiu Mountain, 800 miles away, with an altitude of 2217 meters

. It is a national AAAAA tourist attraction, a World Geopark, a national geopark, a National Nature Reserve, a provincial key cultural relic protection unit, a provincial scenic spot, a sacred place for Taoist believers in northern China, and an outstanding representative of the landscape culture of the Central Plains.

Laojunshan has a history of more than 2000 years of Taoist culture. In the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Li Er (the famous "Laozi") came here for seclusion and cultivation. He was honored as the supreme Laojun by Taoism. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, he built a temple in the mountain to commemorate his death. During the reign of Zhenguan of Tang Dynasty, he was granted the title of "Tieding Laojun Temple". Taizong of Tang Dynasty gave him the name of "Laojunshan", which has become the mainstream holy land of Quanzhen sect of Taoism. In the 19th year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty, Laojunshan was granted the title of "world famous mountain" by imperial edict. Among the existing temples, Fengfeng Laojun temple has the largest scale. It is said that there is Wudang Jinding in the South and Laojun Tieding in the north. In 2014, the bronze statue of Laojunshan Laozi was recorded as "the highest bronze statue of Laozi in the world" by the world Guinness headquarters.

There are 6 scenic spots in Laojun Mountain, 179 scenic spots, 16 temples, such as Taiqing palace, shifangyuan, Lingguan hall, linvinegar hall, shepherd's circle, Jiuku hall, Chuanjing building, Guanyin hall, Sanqing hall, Laojun temple, etc. In the south of Mazongling, there are more than 3000 mu stone forest landscape open to tourists, which is called "northern stone forest" by geologists.

Development history

Laojun Mountain is called "Jingshi mountain" in ancient times, which means that the beautiful scenery of Funiu Mountain is gathered in one room. Because Laozi, the ancestor of Taoism, was here for seclusion and cultivation, it was later renamed "Laojun Mountain" and has been followed up to now. Laojun Mountain, 2217 meters above sea level, is the main peak of Funiu Mountain. Its geological landscape is world-class resources.

Laojunshan is located in Luanchuan County of Luoyang. Luanchuan in history has long been under the jurisdiction of Lushi County. "Lu's county annals · epitaph" records Laojun Mountain, known as "in the Northern Wei Dynasty, in order to commemorate, there was Laojun temple on the mountain. When it came to Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty, it was rebuilt under the supervision of Yuchi Jingde. This Laojun temple is called tiechuantiewa, also known as Tieding, which was especially popular in Ming Dynasty. During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, Lu's magistrate Gao Chu wrote the ode to mount dengjingshishan, which also said in the preface: "when I arrived at Lu's, I heard that there were mountains in the land, and the sky was towering. It was said that I lived in Laozi's house, that is, in the name of Laojun." It can be seen that the saying of Laozi's seclusion to jingshishan has always been popular.

In the Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Li Er came here for seclusion and cultivation because of "keeping the history of the collection room". He was respected as the supreme Laojun by Taoism, and was named "Laojun Mountain" by Emperor Taizong of Tang Dynasty.

In Northern Wei Dynasty, Laojun temple was built on the mountain as a memorial.

In the 11th year of Zhenguan (637 AD), Emperor Taizong Li Shimin sent Yuchi Jingde as a supervisor to rebuild Laojun temple, and granted the plaque "world famous mountain" written by Yubi himself.

During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, Lu's magistrate Gao Chu wrote the ode to mount dengjingshishan, which also said in the preface: "when I arrived at Lu's, I heard that there were mountains in the land, and the sky was towering. It was said that I lived in Laozi's house, that is, in the name of Laojun."

In 1644, Li Zicheng invaded Beijing, and Emperor Chongzhen hanged himself and died. The 16-year-old Prince Zhu Cifei fell into Li Zicheng's hands. He went to Shanhaiguan with the Dashun army to attack Wu Sangui. After defeat, he sneaked to Luanchuan and disguised himself as a Taoist for more than 30 years. He was secretly respected as the emperor by the adherents who followed him until he died at the age of 51. There are four inscriptions on the original tomb and stele of the prince at the foot of Laojun Mountain.

Wang Xinjian, a poet, wrote a poem "Laojunshan", which says that "Yunling is ten thousand heavy, and autumn is here clear. Welcome the emerald color, turn around and say goodbye to the spring. Jinding is full of purple air, while the stone forest is full of fairy wind. Deep streams are quiet, and nymphs are unknown. " In 1997, the State Council approved the establishment of a National Nature Reserve, which is Funiu Mountain World Geopark and National Geopark.

On September 11, 2010, "Laozi Culture International Forum" was successfully concluded in Laojun Mountain scenic spot of Luanchuan. More than 100 well-known research experts from China, Japan, South Korea, Belgium and other countries attended the meeting.

On April 25, 2017, the fairyland pilgrimage festival was held in Laojunshan, Luoyang, Henan Province. In front of the world's highest statue of Laozi in Laojunshan Laozi culture garden, hundreds of Taoists from all over the world went to the mountain to worship Laozi, the Taoist ancestor, with a spectacular scene.

geographical environment

Laojun Mountain, located about 150 kilometers southwest of Luoyang City, is the main peak of Funiu Mountain. It is said that it was the place where Li Er (the famous "Laozi") who was the ancestor of Taoism retired and practiced. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, he built a temple in the mountain to commemorate his death. During the reign of emperor Zhenguan of Tang Dynasty (627-649), he was granted the title of "Tieding Laojun Temple". In the 19th year of Wanli of Ming Dynasty (1591), he was granted the title of "Laojun Temple" "Famous mountains in the world". From Luoyang Jinyuan bus station (that is, long-distance bus station), take the shuttle bus to Luanchuan County, get off at "Laojunshan intersection", and then transfer to the local moti, you can get to the ticket office of the scenic spot. Laojun Mountain is one of the core scenic spots of Funiu Mountain National Geopark, which records the evolution process of orogeny and other geological structures 1.9 billion years ago. The unique "slippery peak forest" landform, spectacular stone forest scenic spots and other landscape groups in the mountain are very shocking. In the mountains, the trees are luxuriant and the scenery is picturesque. You can see the spring overflowing from the gap between the rocks everywhere. There are more than ten waterfalls hidden in the lush forest. The clear torrent falls down from the cliff top which is tens of meters high. In Laojun Mountain after the rain, clouds and fog surround the peaks. If you go to the top of the mountain, you will have a chance to enjoy the beautiful sea of clouds and sunrise. Laojun Mountain scenic area has a large area, which is mainly divided into the main scenic area of Laojun Mountain in the middle, the dream Valley Scenic Area in the West and the Zhaigou scenic area in the East.

Climatic characteristics

Laojun Mountain has a temperate monsoon climate, with an average annual temperature of 12.4 ℃, annual sunshine of 2103 hours, frost free period of 198 days, and average annual precipitation of 872.6 mm. The maximum annual precipitation is 1386.6 mm and the minimum is 403.3 mm.

topographic features

Laojun Mountain in Luoyang is located three kilometers southeast of Luanchuan County, Luoyang City, in the west of Henan Province. Its original appearance is well preserved. It records the tectonic evolution of the southern margin of North China ancient landmass, such as cracking, dispersion, accretion, aggregation, collision and orogeny, over the past 1.9 billion years.

Laojun Mountain is mainly composed of middle and low mountain valleys with large topographic relief. It belongs to the western Henan division of North China stratigraphic area, and spans XIONGERSHAN and Funiushan districts. The exposed strata include: Taihua Group of Archean, KUANPING group of Lower Proterozoic, Xionger group of Changcheng System, GUANDAOKOU group of Jixian County and Luanchuan group of Middle Proterozoic, taowan group of Qingbaikou system of Upper Proterozoic, Erlangping group of Ordovician and Paleogene group of Cenozoic The lithology and lithofacies vary greatly in the Quaternary and quaternary systems, and there are regional deep faults and complex geological structures.

Nature is main

Laojunshan Nature Reserve has 102 kinds of national protected animals and plants, 830 kinds of Chinese herbal medicine are used in the research and development of traditional Chinese medicine, so Laojunshan is also known as the National Gene Bank of Chinese herbal medicine.

Human history

Laojunshan is named after Laojun Li'er, the supreme king of Taoism, who has a long Taoist cultural history of more than 2000 years.

After Lao Tzu wrote Tao Te Ching, he bid farewell to Guan Ling Yin Xi of Hangu pass and rode away on a green ox. according to historical records, "don't know where it will end.". According to the written records, Laozi retired to Luoyang Jingshi mountain, namely Laojun Mountain. Therefore, Laozi culture and Taoist culture have a deep influence on Laojunshan area, and Laojunshan has become an outstanding representative of the landscape culture of the Central Plains. Laojun temple, Lingguan temple, linvinegar hall, daodefu temple, which are simple, dignified and full of incense, have always been the holy places for Taoist believers in northern China.

Main attractions

There are 6 landscape areas of Laojun Mountain, 179 scenic spots, 16 temples such as Taiqing palace, shifangyuan, Lingguan hall, linvinegar hall, shepherd's circle, Jiuku hall, Chuanjing building, Guanyin hall, Sanqing hall, Laojun temple, etc.

From the Northern Wei Dynasty to the present, the Fengfeng Laojun temple is the largest one. Laojun Mountain Taoist cultural area has a long history of temples along the way. The Laojun temple on the top of the mountain has the saying that "Wudang Jinding is in the South and Laojun Tieding is in the north". There are more than 3000 mu of stone forest landscape on the south side of Mazongling, which is open to visitors. This landscape is called "Stone Forest in the north" by geologists.

Laozi Culture Garden

Laozi culture garden is the holy land of inheriting and carrying forward Laozi's thoughts. It adopts the architectural style of Han Dynasty, with the theme of "great road to the world, harmonious prosperity of China".

Bronze statue of Laozi

Laojun Mountain's bronze statue of Laozi was listed as "the highest bronze statue of Laozi in Guinness in 2014."

Jinding Taoist temple group

Laojunshan Jinding Taoist architecture group relies on the top of the mountain, mainly including Laojun temple, daodefu, Wumu golden hall, liangbaotai, Yuhuangding, Zhonggulou, Nantianmen, Chaoyang cave, dadaoyuan, Shendao overpass, cloister and so on. All of them adopt the royal palace style architecture of Ming and Qing Dynasties, especially Jindian, liangbaotai and Yuhuangding, which become the highlight of Laojunshan Taoist architecture group.

Taiqing Temple

Taiqing temple on the top of the mountain was built in the Northern Wei Dynasty and rebuilt in successive dynasties. Yuchi Jingde supervised the renovation in the Tang Dynasty. It was the most prosperous in the Ming Dynasty, with iron rafters, iron tiles and splendid scenery. For thousands of years, it has been a pilgrim Dynasty in Henan, Shaanxi, Anhui, Hubei and other places

Chinese PinYin : Luo Yang Lao Jun1 Shan