Site of the old city of Huaguo in the spring and Autumn Period

The old city of Huaguo

synonym

The site of the old city of Huaguo in the spring and Autumn period generally refers to the old city of Huaguo

The site of the old city of Huaguo in the spring and Autumn period is located in huachenghe village, Fudian Town, Yanshi City, 43 kilometers southeast of Luoyang City. It was the capital of Huaguo in the spring and Autumn period, but was destroyed by Qin Dynasty.

In 1962, the Luoyang excavation team of the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences conducted a preliminary investigation and excavation of the ancient city site of Huaguo. The city wall is curved, about 2000 meters long from north to South and 1000 meters wide from east to west. Cultural relics include Yangshao culture, Longshan culture, Shang and Zhou dynasties, Western Han Dynasty and Tang Dynasty relics.

In June 1963, the old city of Huaguo became the first batch of key cultural relics protection units in Henan Province. In 2006, it was designated as the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council.

Historical evolution

Huaguo was originally a country with the same surname of Ji as the emperor of Zhou, and was granted the title of earl. The capital city was called "Fei", so the ancient history called Huaguo Feihua. In the spring and Autumn period, many small states were destroyed by the war of annexation of the vassals. Although Hua state, a neighbor of Zheng State, was lucky not to be destroyed, the status of the vassals was very humble. Zuozhuan zhuanggong's 16th year (678 BC) recorded the last league meeting of the Hua state, which was attended by 9 princes. The "Hua Bo" was ranked eighth, which was enough to prove its weakness, because the League was in the order of national strength. In the future, the slippery nation would not even be qualified to participate in the alliance of princes.

In 627 B.C., Qin soldiers annihilated the Hua state and returned to the army. They were ambushed by Jin soldiers at Ji mountain in the territory of Jin State, and the whole army was annihilated. At that time, the state of Jin once had a dispute before sending troops. First he said: "the state of Qin not only did not care about the new death of our monarch, but took the opportunity to attack our country with the same surname (Hua state). It's really rude." From then on, we can see that at that time, skating still existed as a country. After the state of Jin defeated the state of Qin, it took the Hua state, which was destroyed by the state of Qin, as its own, no matter whether it had the same surname or not.

But later, the state of Hua belonged to Zheng, Jin and Zhou. It was not until the Warring States period that Sanchuan (the Yiluo River area south of the Yellow River) was owned by South Korea after the division of Jin by the three families. In the second year of Han AI Hou (375 BC), the state of Zheng was destroyed again, and the slippery land naturally belonged to Han. In 249 BC, the state of Qin conquered a large area of South Korea and established Sanchuan county. The slippery land was owned by Qin.

The hometown of Hua state is in Yanshi, which is completely consistent with the records in ancient literature.

In 1962, the Luoyang excavation team of the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences conducted a preliminary investigation and excavation of the site of the ancient city of Huaguo, which confirmed that the records of ancient literature were correct.

The existing brick carving "ancient sliding city" on the gate was built in March of the 17th year of Daoguang reign of the Qing Dynasty.

archaeological discovery

The site of the old city of Huaguo in the spring and Autumn period is located on the platform near huachenghe village, Fudian Town, Yanshi City, 43 kilometers southeast of Luoyang City. The site is about 2.25 km long, 1.5 km wide in the north and 0.5 km wide in the south. Huaguo is centered in Fudian town of Yanshi City, Southeast of Yanshi City, southwest of Gongyi City and north of Dengfeng City. Its capital is one kilometer north and east of Fudian village. Because this is the capital of the ancient sliding state, a small river flowing through here is called the sliding city river.

According to the archaeological investigation and excavation report, there is a flat land near the old city of Huaguo, surrounded by mountains in the northeast and Southeast. The flat land extends to the northwest and connects with Luoyang basin. There are Huacheng River and fudianbei River on both sides of the plain. Between the two rivers is a boot shaped platform. The old city is located on this boot shaped platform, which is about 2.5km long from north to South and 0.5-1.5km wide from north to south. The terrain of the city is long from north to South and narrow from east to west, and the North protrudes to the northwest according to the terrain. The city wall is curved and slightly shaped like a boot. It is about 2000 meters long from north to south, 1000 meters wide from east to west, 700 meters in the middle and 500 meters in the south. Although limited by conditions, only a preliminary excavation has been carried out, and the appearance of the old city can not be completely displayed in front of us, the outline of the old city is very clear, and rich Yangshao and Longshan cultures and cultural relics of Shang Dynasty, Eastern Zhou Dynasty, Han Dynasty and Tang Dynasty can be seen everywhere in the city. Moreover, it is surrounded by deep ravines on three sides and has a natural Peninsula like terrain. It is easy to defend but difficult to attack. It is really an ideal capital for small ancient countries.

Cultural relics protection

In June 1963, the old city of Huaguo became the first batch of key cultural relics protection units in Henan Province. In 2006, it was designated as a national key cultural relics protection unit by the State Council

.

Address: huachenghe village, Fudian Town, Yanshi City, Luoyang City

Longitude: 112.85739

Latitude: 34.589063

Chinese PinYin : Chun Qiu Hua Guo Gu Cheng Yi Zhi