Former residence of Yang Shangkun

Former residence of Yang Shangkun

Yang Shangkun's former residence is located in ChangTanzi, Shuangjiang Town, Chongqing. It is also known as "sizhitang". It covers a total area of 3000 square meters and a total construction area of 2150 square meters. The whole building complex was built in the middle period of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty. The architectural style is simple and elegant, with strong local characteristics. The whole house is the most exquisite ancient building complex with basically complete preservation and decoration style among many Yang's dwellings in Shuangjiang town. On August 3, 1907, Comrade Yang Shangkun was born in this ancient courtyard.

Introduction to scenic spots

The bronze statue of Comrade Yang Shangkun standing in the center of the courtyard of the former residence is a cast copper bust, with a height of 1.3 meters and a base height of 1.4 meters. The bronze statue of Comrade Yang Shangkun has bright eyes, a kind face and vivid images.

Personage introduction

Yang Shangkun is a great proletarian revolutionist, statesman and militarist, a firm Marxist and an outstanding leader of the party, the state and the people's army. He devoted himself to the revolution for more than 70 years, devoted his whole life to the cause of liberation and construction of the Chinese people, and made great contributions to the cause of reform and opening up and socialist modernization in the new period. Yang Shangkun's life is a glorious and fighting one.

Yang Shangkun was born in Shuangjiang Town, Tongnan County, Sichuan Province in 1907. He was admitted to Chengdu Normal University in 1920

Yang Shangkun

School attached primary school, then transferred to attached middle school. At that time, the president of Chengdu Normal University was Wu Yuzhang, and Yun Daiying was among the teachers. At school, he met many progressive young people, participated in social science reading meetings, read classic works such as the Communist Manifesto and progressive books such as the new youth, and initially accepted the influence of Marxism.

In 1925, Yang Shangkun, 18, graduated from Chengdu Normal University and returned to Chongqing. At that time, China's great revolution was entering a climax. His fourth brother Yang Gong is one of the founders of the Sichuan local executive committee of the Communist Party of China. Under the influence and help of his fourth brother, he began to take part in revolutionary work. He joined the Communist Youth League in 1925 and became a member of the Communist Party of China in early 1926. From then on, he devoted his whole life to the liberation of the Chinese people and the magnificent cause of communism.

In the spring of 1926, Yang Shangkun entered Shanghai University under the leadership of the CPC. He took an active part in the preparations for the first and second armed uprising of Shanghai workers. In November of the same year, he was appointed by the party organization to study at Sun Yat sen University in Moscow. At school, he successively served as monitor, member of the Party branch, Vice Minister of the Propaganda Department, etc., and systematically studied Marxist Leninist theory. In 1929, he married Li Bozhao in the Soviet Union. In 1930, he was admitted to the Soviet Institute of China studies as a graduate student and concurrently served as a translator for international Chinese representatives.

At the beginning of 1931, Yang Shangkun returned to his hard-earned motherland and successively served as director of the Propaganda Department of the all China Federation of trade unions and Secretary of the party and League of the Shanghai Federation of trade unions. Under the dangerous environment of the Kuomintang ruled area, he actively restored trade union organizations and developed party members. After the September 18th Incident, he successively served as the director of the Propaganda Department of the CPC Jiangsu Provincial Committee and the director of the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee, and participated in the organization and leadership of the workers' movement and the Anti Japanese national salvation movement. In January 1933, he entered Ruijin, Jiangxi Province, the revolutionary base of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, served as the propaganda officer of the Central Bureau of the Central Soviet Area, and participated in the party's organ newspapers "Red China" and "struggle". In February, he served as the general director of the newly established Red China News Agency (the predecessor of Xinhua). In March, he served as vice president of the Marxist Communist university founded by the Central Bureau of the Soviet area. In June, he joined the work of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army, served as the director of the Political Department of the first front army of the Red Army, and moved to the front with commander in chief Zhu De and general political commissar Zhou Enlai.

In January 1934, Yang Shangkun took over the post of political commissar of the third Red Army, one of the main forces of the Red Army. In the same month, he was elected as an alternate member of the Central Committee at the Fifth Plenary Session of the sixth CPC Central Committee and a member of the central executive committee of the Soviet Republic of China at the second National Congress of workers, peasants and soldiers. After that, together with Peng Dehuai, the commander of the third Red Army Corps, in the fifth anti "encirclement and suppression" campaign in the Central Soviet Area, he successively commanded the headquarters to carry out defensive operations such as conquering Shaxian County, counterattack at sanxixu, blocking battle at taiyangfeng, and defensive operations such as gaohunao, wannianting, candle shaped and protected mountain. He paid attention to the coordination of all aspects of relations, properly handled all kinds of contradictions, and United and led the officers and men of the whole corps to strive for the completion of all combat tasks.

On October 17, 1934, Yang Shangkun and Peng Dehuai led the third Red Army Corps to set out from Jiangxi Province to start the war

With Zhou Enlai, Chen Yun and Peng Zhen

During the Long March, he broke through the enemy's four blockades one after another and made outstanding achievements. He was commended by the order of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission. In January 1935, he attended the enlarged meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee in Zunyi, criticized Bogu and Li De for their serious mistakes in military command, and firmly supported Mao Zedong's correct ideas. After the meeting, he and Peng Dehuai flexibly and flexibly carried out Mao Zedong's strategy and tactics, led the third Red Army to fight a bloody battle to seize Loushanguan, conquered Zunyi City together with the first Red Army, and won the first big victory in the long march of the first Red Army. According to the changes in the battlefield situation, he and Peng Dehuai put forward correct suggestions several times, which were adopted by Mao Zedong and the Central Military Commission, and made indelible contributions to the revolution at a critical juncture. On April 25, the headquarters of the third Red Army Corps was bombed by enemy planes. After he was injured, he still insisted on commanding the battle. On June 13, he and Peng Dehuai jointly commanded the army to cover the main force of the Central Red Army to cross jiajinshan. In late June, after the victory of the first and fourth front armies of the Red Army, he attended the Lianghekou meeting and firmly supported the Central Committee's strategic policy of going north to resist Japan. Soon after, the third red army was transformed into the third army, and he served as a political commissar. In August, he was transferred to the post of deputy director of the General Political Department of the Red Army. With the action of the right route army led by Mao Zedong, he waged a resolute struggle against Zhang Guotao's separatism. At a critical juncture, he cooperated with Ye Jianying to get Mao Zedong and other leaders and most of the central red army out of danger. On September 12, he attended the emergency enlarged meeting of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held in the Russian border and firmly supported the decision made by the meeting on Zhang Guotao's mistake. Later, he was appointed deputy director of the Political Department of the Shaanxi Gansu detachment of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army, which was reorganized by the third Red Army, the first Red Army and the column of the Central Military Commission. On October 19, he assisted political commissar Mao Zedong and commander Peng Dehuai to lead the Shaanxi Gansu detachment to Wuqi Town, the Shaanxi Gansu revolutionary base. The long march of the Central Red Army ended successfully.

In November 1935, Yang Shangkun served as deputy director of the General Political Department of the Northwest Revolutionary Military Commission and participated in the Zhiluo campaign, which was known as "laying a foundation for the task of the Party Central Committee to put the national revolutionary base camp in the northwest". Soon after, he was ordered to work on the united front of the Northeast Army. In February 1936, he served as the director of the General Political Department of the Anti Japanese vanguard army of the Chinese workers' and peasants' Red Army, following Mao Zedong to cross the Yellow River eastward and fight in Shanxi. In June, he served as director of the Political Department of China Anti Japanese Red Army University. In October, after the victory of the three main forces of the Red Army, he served as director of the Political Department of the former enemy general headquarters of the Red Army and took part in the battle of Mount castle. In December, he served as deputy director of the General Political Department of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission, leading the United Front Work of the northwest army. In April 1937, according to the situation of the war and the situation of the troops, he put forward to the Central Committee his opinions on strengthening the political and ideological education of the Red Army, which was highly valued by the Party Central Committee. For a long time, Yang Shangkun held a leading position in the army's political work and made important contributions to the political and ideological construction of the Red Army. In May 1937, Yang Shangkun led the Red Army delegation to attend the party's National Congress (then known as the Soviet Area Congress) and was elected as a member of the presidium of the Congress.

After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, Yang Shangkun was appointed Deputy Secretary of the North Bureau of the CPC Central Committee in August 1937 and went to North China

Chen Yun with Yang Shangkun

At the front line, he assisted Liu Shaoqi, Secretary of the North Bureau, in establishing the Anti Japanese base behind the enemy in North China. In addition to leading the party and League work of Shanxi Working Committee and Shanxi alliance, he was also responsible for guiding the work of Party organizations in Shandong, Hebei, Rehe, Inner Mongolia and other places, organizing the establishment of the Party School of the northern Bureau, and training a large number of leading cadres for the anti Japanese war. In September 1938, he went to Yan'an to attend the Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. In November, after Liu Shaoqi came to work in Central China, Yang Shangkun took over the post of secretary of the North Bureau and took on the important task of leading the Anti Japanese war behind the enemy in North China. He actively carried out the work of Party building, army building and government building in the Anti Japanese base areas in North China, and made an important contribution to promoting the upsurge of the mass Anti Japanese movement in North China. He assisted Zhu De and Peng Dehuai, the headquarters of the Eighth Route Army, in fighting back against the "December incident" in Shanxi, which was created by Yan Xishan, smashing the first anti Communist climax of the Kuomintang diehards, and participating in the organization of the "hundred regiment war" that shocked China and foreign countries.

In early 1941, Yang Shangkun returned to Yan'an. In February, the Central Committee decided that he would assist Wang Jiaxiang in managing the work of the central North China Committee. In August, the North Bureau of the CPC Central Committee was reorganized, and he remained Secretary of the North Bureau and President of the Party school. Later, he took part in the rectification movement. In April 1945, he attended the Seventh National Congress of the Communist Party of China. In August, he served as Secretary General of the Central Military Commission of the Communist Party of China, presided over the daily work of the Central Military Commission headquarters, and concurrently served as deputy leader of the Central Foreign Affairs Working Group. Later, he served as director of the general office of the CPC Central Committee.

After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, the Kuomintang launched an all-round civil war. At the beginning of 1947, Yang Shangkun also served as the commander of the central security, organizing the evacuation of the central authorities from Yan'an. In April, he served as Deputy Secretary of the rear Committee of the CPC Central Committee and Secretary of the CPC Central Committee

Chinese PinYin : Yang Shang Kun Gu Ju