Wanling ancient town

Wanling ancient town

Wanling ancient town, formerly known as Lukong Town, is located in the east of Rongchang District, Chongqing, 12 kilometers away from Rongchang City, covering an area of 24 square kilometers. It faces Laixi River in the southwest, hills and mountains in the northeast, and markets are built close to mountains. It is known as "small mountain city".

In 2010, it was awarded the honorary title of the fifth batch of "famous historical and cultural towns in China" by the Ministry of housing and urban rural development and the State Administration of cultural relics.

In December 2014, Wanling ancient town scenic spot in Rongchang District of Chongqing was officially approved as a national AAAA (4a) scenic spot by the National Tourism Administration.

Historical development

During the Southern Song Dynasty, Wanling became a water terminal and material distribution center because of the water transportation and the production of tribute honey. All the money, grain and weapons of the government needed to pass through here, so some inns were built for travelling merchants from south to north, and some wharf shops were built for stacking goods.

During the song and Ming Dynasties, some shops were built here for traders to rest, lodge and pile up goods, called water wharf.

In the Qing Dynasty, Lukong belonged to fenggaoli, with a famous market named Lukong. During the reign of Kangxi and Qianlong, some immigrants from other provinces came to Wanling. These immigrants from other provinces, in order to facilitate exchanges with the countryside, raised funds to build a guild hall and built a "Yuwang Palace" dedicated to Dayu.

In the fifth year of Jiaqing (1800) of the Qing Dynasty, local gentlemen and villagers expanded Darong village on the basis of shuidui in order to defend against the war of Bailian uprising in eastern Sichuan. In 1861, local gentry donated money and food to repair Darong village in order to prevent the anti Qing peasant uprising forces of Li Yonghe and LAN Dashun in Yunnan. In the same year, Zhang Guofu's Department of the uprising army besieged Darong village. After more than 200 years, the old appearance of Darong village has changed, but the banyan trees on the city wall and several remaining painted patterns still exist.

In the first year of the Republic of China (1912), Lukong township was set up, which followed after the liberation.

In 1949, on the eve of Chongqing's liberation, the Kuomintang's second police force was defeated and its attempt to enter the village was blocked.

In 1958, it was established as Gaodian and Lukong people's commune. In 1984, it was restored to Lukong township. In 1993, it was changed into Lukong town.

In 2002, it was successively named as "famous historical and cultural town of Chongqing", "national characteristic landscape tourism town" and "famous historical and cultural town of China".

In 2009, it was rated as "the most attractive small town" in Chongqing.

In 2010, it was awarded the honorary title of the fifth batch of "famous historical and cultural towns in China" by the Ministry of housing and urban rural development and the State Administration of cultural relics.

In March, it was rated as one of the first batch of "famous scenic tourism towns with Chinese characteristics"; in December 2010, it was rated as a famous historical and cultural town in China.

In 2012, Wanling town invested 250000 yuan to repair the hengshengmen and Taipingmen ancient city gates; at the same time, it invested 5 million yuan to implement the construction project of "one street and five sceneries" in the ancient town, renovating the buildings of more than 10000 square meters in the new street, unifying the style and features; and renovating and reconstructing the traditional houses of more than 13000 square meters in the old street of Ming and Qing Dynasties, including the hall of Zhao's ancestral hall and Erya Academy Architecture.

In October, it was rated as the top ten most beautiful ancient towns in Chongqing.

In 2013, we found that the name of "Lukong" only had a history of more than 200 years, while the name of "Wanling" had a history of more than 450 years long before Lukong. The name of Wanling temple can be traced back to the first year of Xianhe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (326 ad), which was as famous as Dazu stone carving and Leshan Giant Buddha.

On September 24, in order to better restore the history of the ancient town, after repeated argumentation, with the support of 98% of the town's residents and the approval of Chongqing Municipal People's government, "Lukong" was officially renamed "Wanling".

In 2014, Wanling ancient town declared Huguang guild hall and Sansheng palace as municipal cultural protection units, declared "pig sacrifice" as a national intangible cultural heritage, and won funds from the national development and Reform Commission to start the infrastructure construction project of the core area of the ancient town.

In December 2014, Wanling ancient town scenic spot was officially approved as a national AAAA (4a) scenic spot by the National Tourism Administration.

geographical environment

geographic information

Wanling ancient town is located in the east of Rongchang District, which is administratively subordinate to Rongchang District of Chongqing. It is connected with Dazu District in the East and North, fenggao street in the south, Changzhou street and Guchang town in the West. The town government is 13.5 km away from the county seat, and Ronglu Road runs through the whole town. The ancient town is built close to the mountain. The streets and buildings are distributed along the Laixi River in a two-level platform, forming a three-dimensional spatial structure of "mountain, water and city" and the traditional Chinese view of nature and environment that pursues the unity of man and nature.

Climatic characteristics

The climate is Subtropical Southeast humid monsoon climate. The annual frost free period is 327 days, the annual average temperature is 17.7 ℃, the extreme maximum temperature is 40.3 ℃, the extreme minimum temperature is - 3.4 ℃, the annual accumulated temperature is 6482 degrees, and the annual sunshine is 1282 hours. The annual rainfall is 1117.8 mm. The main meteorological disasters are drought, flood, hail, low temperature, freezing cold, strong wind and autumn rain.

Main attractions

Sidazhai gate

EXIT

Taipingmen is the east gate of the four main gates of Darong village in Wanling Town, which means "the world is peaceful and all things are peaceful". The gate used to be the political center of the ancient town, so it ranks first among the four gates. In the following counter clockwise direction, it is Riyue gate, Shizi gate and Hengsheng gate.

Lion Gate

Shizimen is the best preserved gate of Darong village, which is the west gate of Darong village. There are two gates in the village, which are divided into gate and gate. The gate plate is thick, the gate bar is strong, and the gate is very strong. The round hole on the inner wall of the door is used to insert the door bar to resist invasion. This was an ancient battlefield. During the reign of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty, the white lotus sect revolted and broke through the gate, but did not enter the second gate.

Hengsheng gate

Hengshengmen, the South Gate of the four gates of Darong village in Wanling ancient town, echoes with "riyuemen", which means "rishengyueheng". The old street of Ming and Qing Dynasties in the village goes up to the highest point, implying that if you pass this gate, the official will have a prosperous career, the businessman will have a prosperous fortune, and the realm of life will continue to sublimate.

Sun Moon Gate

The Riyue gate is the north gate of the four city gates of Darong village. There is a Riyue Pavilion on the gate tower, and inside the gate is Yanyu lane. "The bridge crosses the ancient ferry, and the clouds gather together. The village is towering, and the sun and moon patrol.". There is an ancient well in the shape of a urn, 12.2 meters deep, with a secret passage leading to the middle of the river, covered by stone slabs weighing more than one ton. The well was built during the Jiaqing period as a war preparation facility, in case of being besieged by soldiers and bandits for a long time.

Erya Academy

Erya Academy was built by Yu Maojian, the Minister of punishment of Ming Dynasty. In the 27th year of Jiajing period, Xia Yan, an admonitor who was convicted of impeachment of Yan Song, was punished by taking his salary. The following year, Yu Maojian resigned and returned to his hometown of Rongchang. He fell in love with Jiashan Xiushui on the Bank of Laixi River and settled in Wanling. He built this "Erya academy" to cultivate, study and teach his children. "Er Ya" is an elegant and profound imperial edict.

There is still a joint Tomb of Yu Maojian and his wife near the ancient town.

Tuowan Wharf

Tuowan wharf was built in 998 (the first year of Xianping, Emperor Zhenzong of Song Dynasty), which has a history of more than 1000 years. The wharf has been damaged and repaired several times, but its original appearance has not changed. During the Southern Song Dynasty, the Royal tribute honey, royal jelly and Royal Beauty pollen produced by Wanling were transported at the tuowan wharf, and went down the Laixi River to Lin'an, the capital city, to serve the imperial court.

Huguang guild hall

Huguang guild hall was built by Huguang immigrants in the ninth year of Jiaqing. It is divided into five parts: temple, conference hall, wing room, theater and courtyard. In the main hall, there is a statue of King Yu; on both sides of the hall, there are ear rooms for the meeting leader to discuss business; in the theater and courtyard, there are parties or cultural entertainment; in the wing rooms, there are reading rooms or accommodation. Because the guild hall worships Dayu, it is also called "Yuwang Palace" and "Yumiao" among the people.

Water mill

Water mill is a kind of water-powered rice milling facility built by the ancients to save manpower. That is to say, a stone mill for milling rice is set at a lower place, and then a stream of water is drawn from a high place to drive the stone mill to rotate to mill rice. The existing water mill is no longer used for rice milling, but is restored as a water wheel for tourists to watch.

Zhao's ancestral hall

Zhao ancestral hall was built in 1804 and rebuilt in 1908. The temple has also been repaired several times, retaining the scale of the four entering triple hall. The first is for the gathering of the clansmen and the reading of their children; the second is for the family to discuss business and strictly abide by family rules; and the third is for the holy places of the eighteen emperors and ancestors of the Song Dynasty. Ancestral hall building, carrying beams and fighting, carved beams and painted buildings, carved stone and painted gold; hard mountain roof, wind and fire wall pocket, green brick house, just like flying eagle. This ancestral hall shows the culture of immigrants in Qing Dynasty.

Darong Bridge

Built in the early years of Zhengde in Ming Dynasty, Darong bridge is a stone slab bridge. The bridge deck is paved with smooth big blue stones. Each piece weighs about 10 tons, with a total length of 116 meters and a width of 1.75 meters. It has 24 spans, connecting the East and west sides of Wanling. There was a dragon tail stone carving on the central bridge pier, which was destroyed in the cultural revolution. The existing Darong bridge has been restored several times, but it still retains its original appearance. It is a cultural relic under municipal protection in Chongqing.

Eighteen ladders

Eighteen stairs, so there are eighteen steps in the ladder ridge. Once upon a time, it was a place where merchants gathered and various gangs were fighting against each other. For hundreds of years, although the old street

Chinese PinYin : Wan Ling Gu Zhen