Hong Xiuquan's former residence

Hong Xiuquan's former residence

Hong Xiuquan's former residence, one of the eight new scenic spots in Huadu District, is located in guanlubu village, Dabu Township, Huadu District, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province. Hong Xiuquan's former residence was built in the Qing Dynasty. It originally lived in Jintian and was burned by the Qing army after the uprising. In 1961, the Guangzhou Cultural Relics and Archaeology team excavated the wall foundation of the house and reconstructed it according to the Hakka style. Hong Xiuquan's former residence has a total area of 26300 square meters.

The protection scope of Hong Xiuquan's former residence includes Hong Xiuquan's former residence, study Pavilion, Hong's ancestral hall, longan tree planted by Hong Xiuquan in his youth, stone lion unearthed from study Pavilion, the site of Hong Rengan's former residence and the wall base of the houses. Hong Xiuquan's former residence is of mud brick, tile and wood structure, with one hall, five rooms and six rooms connected, which is called "Five Dragons crossing the ridge" by Hakkas. It is 16.5 meters wide from east to west and 5.5 meters deep from south to north, with each room about 13 square meters.

Hong Xiuquan's former residence shows the historical environment of the early growth of Hong Xiuquan, the leader of the peasant movement. With strong Hakka customs and pastoral scenery, it is a place for patriotic education, entertainment and leisure.

In July 1962, Hong Xiuquan's former residence was announced as a cultural relic protection unit in Guangdong Province.

In January 1988, the State Council of the people's Republic of China announced Hong Xiuquan's former residence as the third batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

In 1994, Hong Xiuquan's former residence was designated as one of the first batch of patriotic education bases in Guangzhou.

In 2000, Hong Xiuquan's former residence was designated as one of the first patriotic education bases in Guangdong Province.

In 2005, Hong Xiuquan's former residence was rated as a national AAA tourist attraction.

Hong Xiuquan's former residence has been rated as the demonstration site of Guangzhou patriotism education base, Guangzhou Party member education base and national defense education base.

Historical evolution

Soon after Hong Xiuquan was born in fuyuanshui village, Huaxian County, Guangdong Province, his family moved to guanlubu to settle down. At the beginning, there was no official name for guanlubu village. Because there was a coffin shop in the village, "guanlubu" got the homonym of "coffin shop" in the local Hakka dialect of Huaxian County, Guangzhou.

In 1832, 18-year-old Hong Xiuquan was employed as a teacher in guanlubu village and taught in the study Pavilion.

Hong Xiuquan's former residence was built in the Qing Dynasty, where he lived for more than 30 years. Hong Xiuquan's former residence is the place where he grew up, studied and engaged in early revolutionary activities.

After the Jintian uprising, the Qing government went to the village twice in 1854 and 1864, and guanlubu village was in ruins. Hong Xiuquan's former residence was burned by the Qing army.

In 1911, the Hong clan restored their ancestral hall.

Before liberation, Hong's ancestral hall was changed into a rural primary school, named Xiuquan primary school.

After liberation, "Hong's ancestral hall" was changed to "hongxiuquan Memorial Hall in Huaxian county", in which exhibits about the Taiping Revolution and Hong Xiuquan were displayed. After that, Hong's ancestral hall was restored to its original appearance.

In 1959, an archaeological excavation was carried out to rebuild the study Pavilion according to the foundation of the wall.

In 1961, the Guangzhou Cultural Relics and Archaeology team excavated the wall foundation of the house, reconstructed it according to the Hakka residential structure, and restored the "study Pavilion" of Hong Xiuquan's village school, where he studied and taught as a teenager.

In 1962, the "Hong clan ancestral hall" on the right side of Hong Xiuquan's former residence was added as an auxiliary exhibition room to display Hong Xiuquan's life. The collection of objects is mainly pictures and text materials, and focuses on Hong Xiuquan's early activities.

In 1966, when the "Cultural Revolution" began, the exhibition room of Hong Xiuquan's former residence was impacted by the red guards. In order to protect the historical heritage, the exhibition room was closed for a time.

In 1974, the exhibition room of Hong Xiuquan's former residence was restored.

On January 10, 2014, the newly built Memorial Hall of Hong Xiuquan's former residence in guanlubu village, Dabu village, Xiuquan street, Huadu District, Guangzhou was opened to the public.

Architectural pattern

Hong Xiuquan's former residence is a row of six room horizontal houses, which are called "Five Dragons crossing the ridge" by Hakkas, and the houses are Gables hanging on the top of the mountain. Sitting north to south, it is 16.5 meters wide and 5.5 meters deep. Each room covers an area of about 13 square meters. The building covers an area of 91 square meters and each room covers an area of about 13 square meters. There is no hall in the whole building, and there is no corridor in front of the door. There are no windows in front of or behind the house. Each room has its own front door with double leaf doors for opening. The first room at the west end is the house of Hong Xiuquan and his wife, and the second room to the East is the room where Hong Xiuquan praises the merits of his grandfather Hong Yinglun and his grandmother Xu. The other rooms on the east side are all the houses of Hong Xiu's family. On the left side of the house, there is a big bodhi tree, which needs three people to embrace.

The study Pavilion is a village school in Guanlu village. It is a traditional Hakka structure of "three rooms and two corridors". It is suspended on the top of the mountain, covered with lime silo tiles, mud brick walls, Sanhe earth wall foundation, and paved with square bricks. The study Pavilion is located from east to west, with a width of 10.8 meters and a depth of 12.2 meters. The building covers an area of 132 square meters. In the middle of the main entrance of the study Pavilion is a patio paved with granite. On both sides of the patio are corridors, nine frames and herringbone roofs. On the right side, Langpu is used as a bedroom for teachers and on the left side as a kitchen. The hall is open and connected with three rooms, 10.5 meters wide and 6.5 meters deep, with a total of 15 frames and four green brick and gold pillars as pillars. The courtyard in front of the hall of the study Pavilion and the corridor on the right side of the courtyard are houses for teachers.

The ancestral hall of the Hong family is the ancestral hall of the Hong family in Guanlu village. It was built in the Qing Dynasty. It is located in the north and south, with three rooms and two entrances. It has a wall base, a green brick wall, a hard peak, a "human" shaped gable, and a dragon boat ridge. It is the top of the "human" shaped hard mountain. The ridge is a dragon boat ridge with two sharp ends of grey plastic, and a lime tube tile. The Hongshi ancestral hall is 12.9 meters wide and 20.5 meters deep, covering an area of 264 square meters. The floor of the hall is paved with square bricks and there is a patio. The total width of the front entrance is 12.7 meters, and the depth is 7 meters in two rooms, totally 13 frames. In the Ming Dynasty, there was a middle gate with granite Xiagong beam. On the beam, there was stone lion and carved special-shaped Dougong. The facade was inlaid with granite footings. From right to left, it was engraved with four big characters: "Hong's ancestral hall" and inscribed with the inscription "the restoration of the auspicious Dan in the autumn of 1911 in the third year of Xuantong". There is a longan tree with peculiar shape beside the pond, which was planted by Hong Xiuquan in his youth. The back hall of the ancestral hall is 12.7 meters wide with three rooms and 8.5 meters deep. It has 15 frames and four Chinese fir and gold pillars. Between the front hall and the back hall, there are two corridors and six rolling shed roofs. There is a patio between the two corridors. The floor is paved with square step bricks.

Cultural relics

"Hong Xiuquan's former residence", "study Pavilion" and "Hong Xiuquan Memorial Hall in Huaxian County, Guangdong Province" were inscribed by Mr. Guo Moruo, then Vice Premier of the State Council.

Next to the pond of Hong Xiuquan's former residence, there is a longan tree with peculiar shape, which was planted by Hong Xiuquan himself in his youth. In the year of the failure of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, it was split in two by lightning and was dying. The Qing government used this to make public. But the tree survived, and with its tenacious vitality grew into a big tree with a green dragon posture, symbolizing the unyielding fighting spirit of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom soldiers.

The first house at the west end of Hong Xiuquan's former residence is the house of Hong Xiuquan and his wife Lai Xiying. Under this house, Hong Tiangui, the son of Hong Xiuquan, was later the young king of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.

There are Hakka style beds, tables and stools in the room.

The second room in the east of Hong Xiuquan's and his wife's rooms is the one in Puzhi where Hong Xiuquan remembered and praised his great grandfather when he moved from Jiaying prefecture to Huaxian county to set up a foundation and establish a memorial of Hong's family. It is the room in which Hong Xiuquan praised the merits of his great grandfather Hong Yinglun and his great grandmother Xu. Hung in the room are large portraits of Hong Xiuquan's great grandfather, Hong Yinglun, and his great grandmother, Xu, as well as his personal praise for their founding.

The eulogy is as follows: my Taizu Yinglun Gong, the Xu family, originally lived in Shikeng, Jiaying Prefecture, and then moved from Shikeng to Fushui, Huaxian county. It was difficult to start a business, and it was hard to accumulate merit. In a word, he was a loyal successor. Sun et al. Of the four houses painted precious statues and wrote poems in praise of them. Their ancestors accumulated in benevolence and loyalty, and inspired their descendants. They were afraid of being wary and sorrowful, and re painted images of katydids and Linzhi chanting. My great ancestor is Xu family. He is a fan of three followers and a Liu Fang of four virtues. What is the so-called leisure and tranquility. Sun et al. Of these four houses traced their origins, and together with the Taizu Yinglun Gong, they redrawn precious statues and wrote poems to praise them. Although I was a little bit tolerant, I wrote a beautiful voice with three obediences and four virtues. My mother Yi was worthy of the Zhou family's Union, and determined that sun's branch would become a world glory.

The signature of the praise is: Daoguang 25 years old Jidong Valley danxuan sun renkun title.

The teacher's room in the study Pavilion is decorated with a teacher's bed. The bed is simple and simple. There is an old ceramic pillow with green glaze. The furnishings in the room are simple, such as tables, chairs and benches. There is a high foot body made of ceramics, two iron wires for teapot and some stationery. Some of the students' desks and a chopstick tube were genuine products used by Hong Xiuquan when he was teaching at Yuan's flower hall in Balipu village, Shiling.

Cultural Activity

historical figure

Hong Xiuquan (1814-1864), nicknamed huoxiu and renkun

Chinese PinYin : Hong Xiu Quan Gu Ju