Qianshanyang site

Qianshanyang site

Qianshanyang site, located in Lucun ancient village, 7 km south of Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province, is located on the southeast Bank of qianshanyang in Changlu township. It belongs to Neolithic Liangzhu culture

It is an ancient cultural site in the history of human silk civilization

It covers an area of 234000 square meters

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The qianshanyang site unearthed a number of silk and hemp fabrics that have not yet been carbonized, such as silk pieces, ribbons, silk threads, etc., as well as linen pieces, hemp ropes and other textiles

A large number of late Neolithic relics, such as pottery, bone and jade, were unearthed

. The archaeological excavation of qianshanyang site fills the gap between Liangzhu Culture and Maqiao culture in the late Neolithic cultural sequence of the Taihu Lake area in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, which is of great significance to the study of prehistoric civilization in the Taihu Lake Basin of China

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On May 25, 2006, qianshanyang site was announced as the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council of the people's Republic of China

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Historical evolution

Qianshanyang has always been a village site in the late primitive society, with a history of 4400 to 4200 years. It is an extremely important ancient cultural site in the history of human silk civilization. The unearthed silk pieces, ribbons and threads are the earliest known silk fabrics in the world

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In 1934, shenweizhi discovered the qianshanyang site for the first time

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After the founding of new China (1949), the cultural relics departments of Zhejiang Province, Huzhou City and Wuxing district made many investigations

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In March 1956, archaeologists from the former Zhejiang Provincial Cultural Relics Administration Commission conducted the first archaeological excavation of qianshanyang site

The excavation pits are located at the north and south ends of the site, with 10 exploration sites and an excavation area of 390.5 square meters

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In March 1958, archaeologists from the former Zhejiang Provincial Cultural Relics Administration Commission conducted the second archaeological excavation of qianshanyang site

The excavation pits are located in the northern part of the site, with 13 exploration sites and an excavation area of 341 square meters

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In the spring of 2005, Zhejiang Institute of cultural relics and Archaeology and Huzhou Museum jointly carried out the third archaeological excavation of qianshanyang site

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In 2008, Zhejiang Institute of cultural relics and Archaeology and Huzhou Museum jointly conducted the fourth archaeological excavation of qianshanyang site

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In 2016, Zhejiang Institute of cultural relics and archaeology, China Silk Museum and Huzhou cultural relics protection and Management Institute jointly carried out archaeological exploration and trial excavation in the northern part of qianshanyang site

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Site features

The qianshanyang site covers an area of about 234000 square meters. There are two layers of cultural pile. The upper layer is mainly composed of sand containing pottery, with a small amount of Bronze Age remains of geometric printing and spinning pottery and primitive porcelain. The lower layer is the remains of early Liangzhu culture, with a variety of plant seeds, silk and hemp fabrics, bamboo and wood artifacts

. From early to late, the cultural layer of qianshanyang site belongs to qianshanyang 1, qianshanyang 2 and Maqiao in the late Neolithic culture. Judging from the cultural features reflected by the unearthed relics, the cultural relics of qianshanyang stage 1 have strong characteristics of the times and distinct cultural personality, and are named "qianshanyang culture". The cultural features of qianshanyang phase 2 cultural relics are basically the same as those of Guangfulin relics in Songjiang, Shanghai. There are not only foreign cultural factors, but also local cultural factors that come down in one continuous line with Liangzhu culture, which is the result of the fusion of local culture and foreign culture

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Cultural relics

There are two residential sites found in qianshanyang site, one of which is more obvious. It is rectangular, and it is a column type building. There are wooden piles and several large bamboo mats. Stone tools include axe, rectangle, long knife, oblique handle knife, plough, plough, arrowhead and so on. Pottery includes fish fin shaped tripod, long neck tripod, spinning wheel, net pendant, bean, pot, tripod, etc.; bamboo weaving includes basket, basket, grain basket, dustpan, bamboo mat, inverted tip, etc.; wood has wooden paddle and pestle with long wing and short handle, about 1.8 meters long, and thousand tripod and trough made of single wood. In the lower layer, there are straw woven and silk linen fabrics in the late Neolithic period. The silk fabrics include silk flakes, ribbons and threads, which are determined to be domestic silk. The remnant silk is 2.4cm in length and 1cm in width. It is plain fabric with 52 warp and 48 weft per cm. In addition, unearthed are bone ware, jade ware, rice, sesame, melon, broad bean, peanut, peach, water chestnut, etc

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Research value

The carbonized silk and linen fabrics unearthed from qianshanyang site, such as silk flakes, ribbons and threads, have become an example of the early human use of home silk textile, which confirms that the "source of world silk" originated from the East and represents an independent type of Neolithic culture

It fills in the gap between Liangzhu Culture and Maqiao culture in the late Neolithic cultural sequence of the Taihu Lake area in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, which is of great significance to the study of prehistoric civilization in the Taihu Lake Basin of China

. The rice, sesame and broad bean unearthed from qianshanyang site show that Huzhou is one of the early "rice villages" in the world. It mainly grows rice and concurrently operates garden operations. The level of agricultural production has been quite developed

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protective measures

On July 28, 1961, qianshanyang site was declared as a county-level cultural relic protection unit by the people's Committee of Wuxing county

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On May 25, 2006, qianshanyang site was announced as the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council of the people's Republic of China

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In August 2015, the State Administration of cultural relics approved the request for approval of the establishment of the national key cultural relics protection planning submitted by Huzhou Municipal People's government, approved the establishment of the national key cultural relics protection planning, and required the preparation of the protection planning to be in accordance with the notice of the state Council on strengthening the protection of cultural heritage and the national key cultural relics protection planning In order to protect the authenticity and integrity of the qianshanyang site, the overall protection of the site itself and its surrounding environment should be highlighted, and the scientificity and applicability of the protection measures of the site itself should be considered

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History and culture

The origin of silk

Silk originated in China. It is reasonable to take qianshanyang site as a source of silk in the Yangtze River Delta. The origin of silk includes many aspects, such as domestication of silkworm, cultivation of mulberry trees, utilization of silk, etc. The qianshanyang site has been surrounded by mulberry leaves and ponds since ancient times. People have been farming silkworms for generations. Silk, an ancient Chinese industry, has laid the foundation for the history of the silk road.

Relevant information shows that Zhang Qian's mission to the western regions in the Western Han Dynasty opened up the "Silk Road", and Chinese silk was then spread to the world. During the Three Kingdoms period, "Yong'an silk" was paid tribute in the Deqing Dynasty, Wu Ling in the Tang Dynasty was as famous as Shu brocade, and it was often seen on the "Silk Road" in the heyday of the Han and Tang Dynasties. In the Song Dynasty, Husang, which was improved by Lushang, greatly promoted the development of circular economy in Sangji fish pond. The reeling skills were mature and famous silk products emerged in endlessly. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, with the rise of Nanxun, Shuanglin and other towns in the south of the Yangtze River, jilihu silk was famous for its "white, clean, round and tough". In Ming and Qing Dynasties, Hu silk was not only widely sold in China, but also loved by Europe and Asia.

Qianshanyang culture

In November 2014, the academic circles officially named qianshanyang phase 1 cultural relics as "qianshanyang culture". This culture, together with the later Guangfulin culture, fills the gap between Liangzhu Culture and Maqiao culture in the late Neolithic cultural sequence around Taihu Lake in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River

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Activity construction

On June 25, 2015, qianshanyang site was officially named "the source of world silk"

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On October 18, 2016, a series of activities to commemorate the 60th anniversary of the archaeological excavation of qianshanyang site and the 120th anniversary of Shenwei's birth were opened in Huzhou Museum

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On March 7, 2017, qianshanyang Cultural Exchange Center (China Intangible Cultural Heritage Inheritance center of sericulture and silk weaving skills) officially opened

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Tourism information

geographical position

Qianshanyang site is located in Lucun ancient village, 7 kilometers south of Huzhou City, Zhejiang Province

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traffic

The bus routes passing through qianshanyang site include Huzhou bus No. 102 A, Huzhou bus No. 103 b and Huzhou bus No. 107.

Address: 7 km southeast of Huzhou City (bai20 Mu village, Nantou, East Bank of qianshanyang)

Longitude: 120.13691920042

Latitude: 30.837237984496

Chinese PinYin : Qian Shan Yang Yi Zhi