Shuize stele

Shuize stele

"Water rule" means "rule". The function of water monument is to measure water level and prevent flood disaster. Shuize, the ancient Chinese scale, is also called Shuizhi. The earliest water was the three stone figures set up by Li Bing when he built Dujiangyan. The water level and water quantity were measured by submergence to a certain part of the stone figure's body.

Interpretation of shuize stele

In the Song Dynasty, it has been changed into ten stone engraving paintings, with water one foot apart. In the Northern Song Dynasty, water rules were generally set up in rivers and lakes. The daily water level is recorded on the main river. In Ming and Qing Dynasties, in order to report flood and prevent flood, there were always water rules in the upstream and downstream of rivers. Ancient water has three forms. ① No depiction, such as stone water. In this category, such as: the Southern Song Dynasty in today's Ningbo set up the word "Ping" Shui Ze, engraved with a large "Ping" character. According to the regulation, when the water rises and submerges the flat word, the sluice gates along the river and sea shall be opened to discharge water, so as to avoid the disaster of farmland; when the water falls and the flat word is exposed, the sluice gates shall be closed. During the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty, Shaoxing rebuilt the Sanjiang sluice, and set up a "Ze Shui Pai" beside the sluice, engraved with five characters of gold, wood, water, fire and earth, stipulating that when the water flooded to a certain word, the sluice was opened to discharge water through several holes. ② There are only descriptions of the flood and dry water level, such as the description and inscription on the stone wall of yique in 223, the fourth year of Wei and Huang dynasties in the Three Kingdoms, recorded in Shuijing · yishuizhu, and only the dry water level has been recorded in Fuling stone fish of the Yangtze River since the Tang Dynasty. There are a lot of such depictions carved by the folk, and there are often relics of the previous generation on Dajiang river. ③ Shuize stele with isometric depiction is the most common. For example, from the Song Dynasty to the Ming Dynasty, a stone tablet with a crossroad carved on the outlet of Taihu Lake and the long bridge of Wujiang River was used to measure the water level, and this tablet was also engraved with the extraordinary flood level. Another stone tablet with a straight road on the Wujiang long bridge is used to record the water level of every ten days, and the extraordinary flood level is also engraved on it.

Shuize stele in Ningbo

Shuize stele is located in the west of Zhenming Road, Haishu District, Ningbo City. It was built in Song baoyoujian (1253-1258) and renewed in Ming and Qing Dynasties. Most of the stone pavilions were built in Daoguang period of Qing Dynasty. The pavilion base of Southern Song Dynasty and the rebuilt stele of "Ping" in Ming Dynasty are preserved. In 1999, archaeology reappeared the old appearance of shuize stele (Pavilion). After reconstruction, Pingqiao river was restored to connect with Yuehu river system and restore the historical environmental atmosphere.

Shuizeting is built for shuizebei. The pavilion is under the Siming bridge. The water potential is measured in a moderate place, and the word "Ping" is engraved on the stone. The wedge gates outside the city regard "Ping" as the opening and closing. The word "Ping" should be used to discharge the water, and the word "Ping" should be used to store the water. The opening and closing is suitable, and the people will not worry about drought or flood. Therefore, the Siming bridge was renamed Pingqiao. Shuizeting played an important role in ensuring the fertility of crops and the safety of prefectures. Shuizebei is the only example of ancient water conservancy relics in China, which uses the principle of flat water to achieve the purpose of observing the disaster situation and the unified regulation of the people's situation. It is a rare physical example to study the history of water conservancy development and urban drainage and flood control water conservancy projects, which has special significance.

Shuize stele in Shaoxing

During the Chenghua period of Ming Dynasty, Dai Hu guarded Yue. In order to strengthen the water level management of Shaoxing River and lake, he set up shuize (water level ruler) in the front river of Yousheng temple, and erected shuize stele in Yousheng temple, that is, Shanhui shuize stele. It is stipulated that "when the water is in the middle, all the gates will be opened; when the water is in the middle, it will be five inches lower; only the Yushan Doumen gate, biantuo gate and nichishan gate will be opened; when the water is in the bottom, it will be five inches higher, and all the gates will be closed.". Shuize tablet can take full care of the water level of rivers and lakes in Shanhui plain, farmland cultivation in different seasons and at different elevations, as well as boat transportation. It is also located in Fucheng and beside the government, which is convenient for observation and implementation. It was used for 60 years from 1476 to the completion of Sanjiang sluice. The stone tablet is now on display in the corridor of Dayu mausoleum.

Wujiang shuize stele

In 1120, a stele named shuize was erected beside the Chuihong Pavilion of Changqiao in Wujiang County in the Taihu Basin of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. The water stele is divided into "left water stele" and "right water stele". The left water stele records the highest water level over the years, while the right water stele records the highest water level in ten days and months of a year. The inscription reads as follows: "first, the water in the high and low fields are safe; second, the water in the very low fields is flooded; third, the water in the slightly low fields is flooded; fourth, the water in the lower fields is flooded; fifth, the water in the upper fields is flooded; sixth, the water in the slightly high fields is flooded; seventh, the water in the very high fields is flooded." If the flood level is particularly high in a certain year, it is engraved in this book that the water level is so high in a certain year. The earliest date inscribed on the water is 1194. Therefore, shuizebei is not only the ruler used to observe the water level, but also the original record of the highest flood level over the years.

The youshuize stele was found in 1964 and still stands at the right end of the step on the North Bank of chuihongting, Changqiao. On the surface of the tablet, there are six months from July to December, with a fine line of 30 days each month. There are also four inscriptions, such as "water came here in the fifth year of Zhengde" and "water came here in the fifth year of Wanli" (see hydrology, No.5, 1982, Hu Changxin, "discussing the historical flood of Taihu Lake from shuize tablet in Wujiang county"). Zuoshui stele was damaged as early as the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Address: Yingfeng street, Haishu District, Ningbo

Longitude: 121.545807

Latitude: 29.871835

Ticket information: free.

Chinese PinYin : Shui Ze Bei