Museum of Natural History

Museum of Natural History

The natural history museum is a collection, production and display of specimens of historical significance in astronomy, geology, plants, animals, paleontology and human beings for scientific research and cultural education. The nature museum is a museum with a substantial collection of natural history.

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A brief history of Library Construction

The prototype of modern nature museum can be traced back to the 17th century in Europe. At first, some private collectors or palace collections were for a few people to appreciate. Later, they gradually opened to the public, became a place for propaganda and education, popularized scientific and cultural knowledge, and gradually developed into a form of modern museum. Founded in 1683, the ashmoline Museum in Oxford is probably the earliest Museum in modern times. In 1716, Russia built the Museum of mineralogy in St. Petersburg. In 1753, the British Museum of nature was established in London. In 1794, the French National Museum of nature was established in Paris. Later established museums, such as the American Museum of nature in New York, the Royal Museum of nature in Belgium in Brussels, the Swedish National Museum of nature in Stockholm, and the Japanese National Museum of Science in Tokyo, are among the earliest in the world. Since the 1950s, it has developed rapidly. According to incomplete statistics, there are more than 30000 nature museums of various types.

Domestic information

The earliest natural history museum in China is the natural history museum (formerly known as Xujiahui Museum) founded by French Catholic missionaries in 1868 in Xujiahui, Shanghai. In 1905, Zhang Jian, a member of Shanghai self improvement society, founded Nantong Museum (the Department of nature) in Nantong, Jiangsu Province, which is the first natural museum in China. Before the Anti Japanese War, there were more than 200 museums of various types in China, of which about 30 were nature museums. Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, the cause of museums has developed rapidly. By 1986, there were nearly 900 museums in China, of which more than 400 are nature museums. Many big cities such as Beijing, Shanghai and Tianjin have established large-scale "natural museums" or "natural departments" in museums. In addition, some professional natural science museums have been built, such as the "dinosaur museum" in Zigong, Sichuan Province, and the geological and mineral museums in various provinces.

three major tasks

Collection and preservation of specimens, scientific research and publicity and education are the three basic tasks of modern nature museum. The three complement each other and should not be neglected. In order to meet the needs of scientific research, publicity and education, we should constantly collect specimens to enrich the collection. Famous museums, such as the British Museum and the American Museum of nature, have abundant collections, but they often organize large-scale natural resources investigation and specimen collection activities. Some museums encourage and attract audiences (especially young students) to participate in specimen collection and model making. Museums must have certain scientific research personnel engaged in relevant research work. Some famous museums tend to gather many famous scholars from various countries, making these natural museums the research centers of many branches of biology and Geosciences and the important bases for training professionals. In the aspect of display, in the early stage, only the collectibles with labels or descriptions were displayed sporadically; in the future, the contents of display should be systematic, and there should be various thematic displays (such as "the origin of life", "the origin of human beings", "the wonders of the sea", "the world of dinosaurs" and so on). The way of display also makes full use of the achievements of modern technology (such as sound, image, light, electricity and other equipment) to make the exhibition vivid and attract the audience. In addition to the relatively fixed basic display, the nature museum often holds temporary special exhibitions to disseminate the latest scientific information. Some museums often organize relevant experts to give meaningful lectures, demonstrations and consultation to audiences of different ages, educational levels and interests. In addition, many museums also organize roving exhibitions, and have special institutions to popularize scientific knowledge to the disabled. In recent years, many new subjects in biology and geoscience have developed rapidly. The classical basic research work, such as systematics and flora survey, has gradually transferred from university to nature museum. The museum has become an off campus classroom and laboratory. Many universities, middle schools and primary schools take classes in museums to make full use of Museum conditions and improve teaching quality. At the same time, museums are ideal places for teachers to study. Museums play an increasingly important role in education.

World famous

Famous Nature Museum

The most important natural history museum in the world is the British Natural History Museum, which was founded in 1753. The museum national d'Histoire Naturelle in Paris, founded in 1794, was formerly known as the Royal Garden in 1635, and the American Museum of natural history in New York. In addition, there are Musee Royal d'Histoire Naturelle in Belgium, naturalis biodiversity center in Leiden, nature museum in senckenburg in Frankfurt, and naturhistorisches in Wien Museum, the National Museum of natural history in Basel, the National Museum of natural history in Stockholm, the Museum of comprehensive technology in Moscow founded in 1872, and the National Museum of Canada in Ottawa Canada), the U.S. National Museum in Washington, and the Chicago natural history museum in Chicago. The museum takes the research work as the main body, and the education work also includes specialized education and social education. Like the museums in New York and Chicago, in addition to social education, there is also specialized education in university courses. In addition to the above-mentioned comprehensive museums, there are also professional museums such as the geo logical Museum in London, the Musee del'homme in Paris, and the mus é e OC é anographique de Monaco in Monaco. In addition, there are museums attached to universities for specialized education, and they often carry out some vivid research, such as the museums of Cambridge, Sorbonne, tbingen, Zurich, Uppsala, Harvard, Yale and other universities, with complete collections. Japan also has a national science museum in Ueno, Tokyo.

Address: inside the big and small Dongtian scenic spot (40 km west of Sanya City), Yacheng Town, Sanya City

Longitude: 109.15469502331

Latitude: 18.309082593974

Tel: 0898-88830188

Ticket information: no ticket required. It's included in the tickets of big and small caves

Chinese PinYin : Zi Ran Bo Wu Guan