Qingdao Laoshan Scenic Spot

Laoshan is the highest peak of China's coastline, known as "the first famous mountain on the sea". It is the main mountain range of Shandong Peninsula. The main peak of Laoshan is called "Jufeng", also known as "laoding".

There is an old local saying: "although Mount Tai is high in clouds, it is not as good as Laoshan in the East China Sea." It is said that Qin Shihuang and Han Wudi all came here to seek immortality, and Qiu Changchun and Zhang Sanfeng also practiced Taoism here. The scenery of Laoshan is characterized by the connection of mountain and sea, the light of mountain and the color of sea. Among the famous mountains in the country, Laoshan is the only one that rises by the sea. When you walk along the green stone path of Laoshan Mountain, on one side is the blue sea, the waves are ripping on the shore; on the other side is the green pines and strange stones, green and luxuriant, you will feel open-minded and relaxed.

Laoshan Scenic Area mainly includes Jufeng (laoding is the best place to see the sunrise), Liuqing, Taiqing (Laoshan is the most famous Taoist temple), Qipanshi (Buddhist characteristics), Yangkou (seaside resort, with mitiandong and Huayan Temple), beijiushui (a combination of mountains and rivers canyon style, the most beautiful when there is abundant rain in summer), Hualou (granite stone style). Among them, Liuqing Taiqing chessboard stone Yangkou is on the same tour line.

laoshan scenic area

synonym

Laoshan Scenic Spot in Qingdao generally refers to Laoshan Scenic spot

Qingdao Laoshan Scenic Spot is located in Qingdao City, Shandong Province. It is one of the first batch of national key scenic spots approved and announced by the State Council, an important coastal mountain scenic spot in China, and a national AAAAA scenic spot.

Laoshan Scenic Spot is composed of nine scenic spots, such as Jufeng, Liuqing, Taiqing, Qipanshi, Yangkou, beijiushui and Hualou, five scenic recovery areas, such as Shazikou, wanggezhuang, Beizhai, Xiazhuang and Xifu, and three outer land and sea scenic spots.

Laoshan Mountain is the main mountain range in Shandong Peninsula. The highest peak, laoding, is 1133 meters above sea level. It is the highest peak of China's coastline and is known as "the first famous mountain" on the sea. It stands on the shore of the Yellow Sea, tall and majestic. There is an old local saying: "although Mount Tai has high clouds, it is not as good as Laoshan in the East China Sea." It is a famous Taoist mountain. The scenery of Laoshan is characterized by the connection of mountain and sea, the light of mountain and the color of sea.

Among the famous mountains in the country, Laoshan is the only one that rises by the sea. The coastline around Laoshan is 87 kilometers long, and there are 18 coastal islands, which constitute the marine spectacle of Laoshan. Laoshan Mountain is a famous Taoist mountain in China. The preserved Taiqing palace has the largest scale and the longest history

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geographical environment

geographical position

Laoshan is located on the coast of the Yellow Sea in the south of Shandong Peninsula, more than 40 kilometers away from the center of Qingdao. It is located at 36 ° 05 ′ - 36 ° 19 ′ N and 120 ° 24 ′ - 120 ° 42 ′ E. The mountain area is adjacent to the sea in the southeast. In the west, it borders Shinan District, Shibei District, Sifang District, Licang District and Chengyang District of Qingdao city from south to north, and in the north, it borders Jimo City

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topographic features

The Laoshan mountains were formed during the Yanshan orogenic movement. The mountains and the sea are connected, and the sea and the sky are the same color. The trend of the mountain is centered on laoding, radiating to the northeast, East, Southeast, South and West, steep in the East and south, and undulating in the northwest. At the junction of mountain and sea, headlands, reefs and beaches are staggered

. The granite landscape is unique, with vertical joints, obvious spherical weathering, towering peaks, overlapping peaks, deep streams and valleys, and thousands of cliffs; pictographs are everywhere; at the junction of mountains and seas, headlands, reefs and beaches are crisscrossed, forming a magnificent mountain and sea spectacle.

Climate type

Laoshan Scenic Area has a temperate marine climate with an average annual temperature of 12.6 ° C. Due to the influence of the ocean, the temperature in summer is lower than that in inland, with an average temperature of 24 ° C. The precipitation is 940-1073.7mm, which is the wettest area in Qingdao

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natural resources

Biological resources

Botany

Laoshan is a deciduous broad-leaved forest region in warm temperate zone. There are more than 400 species and varieties of woody plants, and more than 1000 species of herbs. The most prominent ones in the landscape are Pinus thunbergii, Pinus densiflora, Larix gmelinii, Rhododendron amurense, etc. There are 225 ancient and famous trees, such as Phellodendron amurense, Ulmus pumila and Ginkgo biloba. Laoshan Scenic Spot has about 350000 mu of forest land, including 112000 mu of state-owned forest. In 1992, Laoshan was approved as a national forest park by the Ministry of forestry.

animal

The wild animals in Laoshan mountain area are generally divided into mammals, birds, marine organisms and freshwater fish. In 1930, the Qingdao municipal government announced that the wild animals allowed to hunt were "wild boar, wolf, rabbit, fox, wild cat, weasel, etc.". After 1949, the main wild animals in Laoshan were foxes, hares, badgers, raccoon dogs and weasels. In 1930, bird expert Shou Zhenhuang conducted a systematic survey of birds in Laoshan, recording more than 250 species, such as magpie, Finch, swallow and wild goose. In 1983, the management station of Bird Nature Reserve of Laoshan County investigated the bird resources of Laoshan mountain. It was found that there were more than 230 species of birds in Laoshan Mountain, belonging to 10 orders, 30 families and 63 genera, including 86 species of insectivores and 17 species of rodents. According to the survey of 225 kinds of birds in 1984, there are 15 kinds of resident birds, 85 kinds of summer migratory birds, 18 kinds of winter migratory birds and 107 kinds of migratory birds

 

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water resource

Laoshan has about 317 million cubic meters of above ground water and 112 million cubic meters of underground water. After deducting 93 million cubic meters of repeated water, the total amount of water resources is about 336 million cubic meters. The surface water is mainly concentrated in the flood season from June to August, with great interannual variation and unbalanced regional distribution. According to the records of 27 years from 1956 to 1983, the average annual runoff depth is 349.9 mm. In 1964, the maximum runoff was 449.3 million cubic meters, which was 1.42 times of the average annual runoff. In 1981, the minimum runoff was 90.52 million cubic meters, accounting for only 28.6% of the annual average runoff. Due to the different topography and hydrogeological conditions in different regions, the types, distribution and movement of groundwater are obviously different. The pore water bearing group of Quaternary loose layer is mainly distributed in the front of the mountain and the shoulder of the river, with abundant water, good water quality and convenient exploitation. Because of the thick local residual layer and the deep incised valley, the bedrock weathering structure fissure pore water forms descending spring, which is the famous birthplace of Laoshan mineral water

 

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Laoshan is one of the world's three major underground water system centers of high quality mineral water

 

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mineral resources

There are a lot of granite, a little chalky soil and mica in the Laoshan area, and few other mineral deposits. There are only touchstone, green stone, aragonite and five color stone in Huang Zongchang's Laoshan annals in Ming Dynasty. In Jimo county annals of Qing Dynasty, there are touchstone, Gaoshan stone, green stone, glauconite, wuse stone, tianhengdao stone (inkstone), chisel stone, ink crystal, tea crystal, purple quartz and horseshoe stone.

The main rocks are dark green granite, chalky soil, fluorite, manganese iron ore, silica, mica, asbestos, Shajin, Maifanshi and chlorite

 

Construction history

In 1982, Laoshan was designated as one of the national scenic spots by the State Council.

In 1992, Laoshan was approved as a national forest park by the Ministry of forestry.

Laoshan National Forest Park Management Office was established in 1993. Laoshan Forest Farm should adjust its management direction in time, from building shelterbelts to scenic forests

 

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In 2001, Laoshan was rated as a national AAAAA tourist attraction.

 

In 2013, Laoshan Scenic Area has created a better tourism environment for tourists: water, electricity, transportation, communication and other infrastructure have been improved, three tourist highways have been widened and renovated, and parking lots and several kilometers of climbing trails have been built. At the same time, Laoshan resort has been built. It consists of Yangkou international tourist resort, liuqinghe tourist resort and beijiushui tourist resort

 

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Scenic culture

taoist culture

Laoshan is one of the birthplaces of Taoism. Since the spring and Autumn period, Laoshan has gathered a group of alchemists who have been engaged in health and self-cultivation for a long time. By the late Warring States period, Laoshan had become a famous "fairy mountain in the East China Sea". The eastern tour of the first emperor of Qin Dynasty is closely related to Fang Xiandao's activities. According to the book of Han Dynasty, when Emperor Wu was in Laoshan "ancestral temple god man in Jiaomen Palace", there was "no Taiyi cave nine, this is one of them."

 

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As early as five or six thousand years ago, the splendid Longshan culture came into being in Laoshan. It is also an important place for the spread of Taoism. It began in the Han and Tang Dynasties, and developed to its peak in the song and Yuan Dynasties. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there was a saying of "nine palaces, eight temples, seventy-two nunneries" in its heyday. Laoshan Taoism is the northern Quanzhen school, known as "the second jungle of Taoism Quanzhen". Famous Taoists such as Qiu Chuji, Zhang Sanfeng, Xu Fuyang, Liu Zhijian and Liu ruozhou all built a passage in Laoshan. At the same time, there was a history of Buddhism and Taoism. The famous Buddhist temples include Haiyin temple, Chaohai temple, Huayan Temple, etc. the eminent monks such as Faxian, Hanshan, Cizhan, Shanhe, etc. all carried forward Buddhism in Laoshan.

In the first year of Jianyuan reign of Emperor Wu of the Western Han Dynasty (140 BC), Zhang Lianfu came to mount Laoshan to build a Maoan to offer sacrifices to the three officials and apprentices, which laid the foundation of Taoism in Mount Laoshan. From the Western Han Dynasty to the end of the Five Dynasties, Laoshan Taoism basically belonged to Taiping Taoism and Taiping Taoism

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