Grand View Building

Grand View Building

Daguanlou, located in the south of Huapu, Kunming City, Yunnan Province, is a wooden structure with triple eaves and glazed berms. In 1690, it was built by Governor Wang Jiwen. During the reign of Emperor Qianlong, sun ranweng wrote 180 character long couplets for him, which is known as the "No.1 long couplet in the world". It was written and printed by Lu Shutang, a famous scholar. Mao Zedong commented that it was "unique from ancient times". Because of the long couplets, Daguanlou became the four famous buildings in China, which are as famous as yellow crane tower, Yueyang Tower and stork tower. Daoguang eight years (1828) repair Daguanlou, built for three floors. In the third year of Xianfeng (1853), Emperor Xianfeng inscribed a plaque with the title of "pulling out waves and thousands of stories". In the seventh year of Xianfeng (1857), the long couplet and the building were destroyed in the war. Tongzhi five years (1866) reconstruction, re flood, Guangxu nine years (1883) repair. In 1888, Zhao fan printed long couplets in regular script. Daguanlou was announced as a key cultural relic protection unit in Yunnan Province in 1983 and a national key cultural relic protection unit (the Seventh Batch) in 2013.

Historical evolution

alias

Daguanlou Park, called near Huapu in ancient times, is located in the southwest of Kunming city. In the early Ming Dynasty, muying built "West Garden" here, which is close to the north shore of Caohai Lake in Dianchi Lake. In 1866, Ma Rulong's reconstruction of Daguanlou records: "the Kunyuan area is rich in mountains and few in water, so Dianchi Lake is called jujinyan. There is a PU in the Mei of the lake, which is called Jinhua. It is named for its proximity to Taihua."

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"West Lake, located in the west of Fucheng, is also called Jibo lake, which is also called caohaizi or QingCaoHu lake. On Friday, Puzao is always green, which is the best for tourists Wan Kuiyi said in his book collection of the ancient city of Kunming: in the ancient place names of Yunnan, there was also a West Lake in Fucheng (Kunming) of Yunnan. According to the general annals of Yunnan in Wanli of the Ming Dynasty, "the West Lake governs the West in (Yunnan) Prefecture. On Thursdays, that is, the upper reaches of Dianchi Lake, Puzao is evergreen, and many people go boating. It is commonly called caohaizi. There is a lotus pond in the state of Guizhou, and the plaque says "Shuiyun township." It is confirmed that Caohai, near Huapu, was also called West Lake in Ming Dynasty. Mu family, the hereditary Duke of Guizhou, built Lianchi in Shuiyun Township in Ming Dynasty.

Daguan River

In 1894, Shu Zao's inscription on the creation and reconstruction of Daguanlou recorded: "in the state Dynasty, Wu Sangui was regarded as the king of Pingxi, and a river was excavated from near Huapu to Huicheng. It was ten li long, which was called Yunliang river. It was restored to Lixu outside xiaoximenwai of Huicheng, and opened a pond, which was called Zhuantang. In front of the pond, a granary was built, and grain ships entered the canal from the Dian sea to Zhuantang. It was very convenient for grain and rice to enter the granary. From the coastal area of Yixi County, officials, businessmen and tourists come by boat and sail away. They gather in Zhuantang and are called Jujin Yan. " In fact, before Wu Sangui dredged the grain transport river in the early Qing Dynasty, it was a fact that the river could pass through ships. Xu Xiake's travel to Taihuasi mountain in the Chongzhen period of the Ming dynasty recorded: "when you go out of the provincial capital, you get off the boat two miles southwest, and there is water on both sides of the river. The ten mile field is exhausted, the reed is full of Ze, and the boat is sailing in the deep green. It is no longer known as the torrent of Dianchi Lake, but the sea of grass. "

Guanyin Temple

There are two versions: one is the inscription written by Shu Zao in the 20th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (1894), which said: "before Ming Dynasty, there was Zhuo Xi, a monk of Chu, who was here to preach the scriptures with Mao." It's Ming Dynasty. One is the general annals of Yunnan written by Yongzheng of the Qing Dynasty: "Guanyin temple is near Huapu in the west of the city. In 1682, qianyin, a monk of the Chu Dynasty, founded the first area of An'an. He talks about the Lotus Sutra with thousands of listeners..." It is clearly said here that it was "the 21st year of Kangxi in the Qing Dynasty (1682)". According to the records of Kunming County written by Dai Fushun of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty, "Guanyin temple is near Huapu. First, in the 21st year of Kangxi, the monk Qian Yin of Chu built a rafter of Maoan.". In 1866, Ma Rulong's reconstruction of Daguanlou recorded: "it was in Kangxi period of Qing Dynasty. It was the place where monk Qian yinjiemao preached scriptures. There was no building.". All the above data agree that the qianyin jiemao sermon was written in 1682, the 21st year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty.

Start to build

One is the 35th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1696), and the other is the 29th year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty (1690). "In 1690, governor Wang Jiwen visited four places. He passed by and saw the beautiful scenery of the lakes and mountains. He ordered people to prepare materials and build pavilions and pavilions Because it was named Daguanlou. " It is proved that the Daguanlou was built in 1690.

After the completion of Daguanlou, yongyueting and chengbitang, "the surrounding area was built with external dykes and peach willows to decorate the scenery of lakes and mountains", "since then, the most famous scenic spot in the provincial capital has been the outstanding people and scholars, who have won the election and become the first scenic spot of the provincial capital", the officials and dignitaries have banquets in the lake, and the poets and poets have gone up to the building to sing Fu. Wang Wenzhi, a Jinshi and Lin'an Prefecture magistrate in the 25th year of Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty, wrote in his poem "boating near Huapu in autumn day": "I wish to be the prefect of poetry and gather friends at a high banquet. The silk and bamboo pass through the pearls, and the chapter is full of gems. " Some of the poems chanting near Huapu depict the scenery of mountains and rivers, some whitewash the "peaceful and prosperous times", and some sing praises of virtue, but chant the wind and the moon, and do not hate the sorrow of parting. Sun ranweng, a poor man in cloth clothes, swept away the popular singing and waved the shocking 180 word couplet. The first couplet describes the scenery of "five hundred Li Dianchi Lake" in the grand view building. The second couplet expresses the infinite emotion of "thousands of years of past events" in Yunnan. It is a blend of feelings and scenes, neat and magnificent. Dai Fu sun, one of the "five Chinese and five sons" in the reign of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty, commented that the long couplet was "the only one that can see the trace of Hun Hao's circulation and removing the stack". Since its publication, it has been known as "the first couplet at home and abroad" and "the best one at home". The couplets were written and printed by Lu Shutang, a famous scholar in Kunming. The existing rubbings of Lu Shu are copied and engraved. During the reign of Jiaqing in the Qing Dynasty, song Xiang wrote a couplet: "three cups of wine in the arms of Qianqiu; one water building in Yunshan mountain." The fourteen character couplet highly summarizes the long couplet of ranweng. Sun ran and Weng Changlian came out, and Daguanlou became one of the "famous buildings in China".

In 1828, Zhai Jingguang, an envoy of Yunnan Province, rebuilt the Daguanlou, adding three floors to the original two floors. When jingle, a monk of Guanyin temple, rebuilt Guanyin temple, he built five rooms and three floors of Huayan Pavilion at the back of the temple, which is higher than the rest of Daguanlou. Jingleshan poetry couplet, which was written and engraved when Huayan pavilion was completed, is known as "jingleshan poetry couplet"

Fold Pavilion lingxu, Caiyun South now, Huangtu line Qianfeng arch head, wanpaichaozong, Jinbi Lianhui, magnificent mountains and rivers. As clear haze cover green, dawn fog smoke, rising dawn in red cliff, pine crane. Hanging in the setting sun in Qingzhang, stone factory ape cry. They are calm and quiet. They sing to each other. When they are satisfied, they point out their true colors.

The floor reflects the water, the Buddha hangs in the west, the emperor de Rong six imperial edicts convert to the heart, the hundred man shun Hua, the Kunhua gathering show, the universe Qing Yi. Listen to the chant of Van Gogh, recite in French, laugh and pick flowers in Jiuling, and understand the legend of Yi. I'm in Shaolin, and I'm in Shaolin. After a long time of practice, he has a perfect interpretation of Buddhism and Buddhism. He has experienced the Lord's companionship with Thailand. He has lost all traces of holiness, and his heart is wonderful. He has gone back to get rid of the root dust, and has forgotten the opportunity to play this great light.

The jingle couplet is composed of 92 words in the upper and lower couplets, and 184 words in the whole couplet. Although its literary grace is not as good as that of sunran Weng's couplet, it also points out the lakes and mountains, the scenery is elegant, the practice forgets the opportunity, and the world transcends the dust. It has the Zen meaning of "pointing the maze" for those who read sunran Weng's couplet.

In the fifth year of Xianfeng (1855), Emperor Yichen of Xianfeng of the Qing Dynasty inscribed the grand view building with a plaque: "a thousand storeys of waves". Ma Rulong has a "postscript" to describe the process of giving the plaque: "in 1855, when he Tongyun, the Minister of the Ministry of war, attended the Nanzhai day, Emperor Wenzong of Mongolia inquired about the situation of Dianchi Lake, and Tong learned from Chen Daguan's situation, he wrote the plaque of" pulling out the waves and thousands of stories "to the Royal Dutch, and awarded it to the Si tower

Before the sixth year of Xianfeng in the Qing Dynasty (1856), the grand view building near Huapu and Huayan Pavilion faced each other majestically from north to south. Chengbi hall, Yongyue Pavilion, pavilions and pavilions covered with green willows and green waves, Guanyin temple, temples and Zen houses lined one by one, with servant girls and misty temples and dense cigarettes. There was no empty day for the dignitaries to visit, and monks and tourists came to visit without interruption. Near Huapu, Kunming is a beautiful place with beautiful scenery.

In 1856, the Hui people in Yunnan revolted against the Qing Dynasty, and Daguanlou and Huayan Pavilion were destroyed by the war. In the middle of the winter of 1864, Ma Rulong, the commander-in-chief of the Yunnan Provincial Administration, held a military exercise. "When the boat passed near Huapu, it was desolate to see the grass and smoke on the island. I asked my father and elder about the destruction of the grand view building. The government is willing to donate a lot of capital and materials for reconstruction. It began in the middle of the winter of the third year of tongzhi (1864) and was completed in the spring of the fifth year of tongzhi (1866). Only a few years later, the site of debris is still a Jinbi District, and it is still the first scenic spot in the provincial capital. This is the grand view building rebuilt by Ma Gong. " (inscription by Shu Zao) after Ma Rulong rebuilt the grand view building, he wrote a couplet in the gate tower near Huapu: "once upon a time, it's hard to be water; if you want to go to a high building, you need to park a boat.".

In 1876, the second year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty was near Huapu. The two corridors were destroyed and the buildings were inclined. In 1883, the governor Cen Yuying rebuilt them (Guangxu annals), when the grand view building was rebuilt, "scholars and people lived together and continued to build 16 East and West Wing rooms with monk nature fields.". In 1888, cen Yuying asked Zhao fan to reprint sun lanweng's long couplets in regular script and print them.

In 1914, Li gonghongxiang, the governor of civil affairs of Yunnan Province, built roads and added pavilions and pavilions (see Zhao Heqing's caiyunya Guanyin stone factory) it can be seen that Zhuantang was built in 1914 along the Daguan River to the road near Huapu.

In the eighth year of the Republic of China (1919), Tang Jiyao repaired the grand view building and the arch gate of the park, and brought sun Zhu (iron boat) to the same age

Chinese PinYin : Da Guan Lou