Dapeng Peninsula Geopark

Shenzhen Dapeng Peninsula National Geopark

synonym

Dapeng Peninsula Geopark generally refers to Shenzhen Dapeng Peninsula National Geopark

Shenzhen Dapeng Peninsula National Geopark is located in the southeast of the Pearl River Delta, in the south central part of Dapeng Peninsula in the east of Shenzhen city. It is about 50 km away from the urban area of Shenzhen city. Its geographical coordinates are 114 ° 26 ′ 00 ′ e ~ 114 ° 37 ′ 20 ′ n and 22 ° 27 ′ 00 ′ N ~ 22 ° 36 ′ 20 ′ n, with a total area of 150 square kilometers and a forest coverage rate of 98%. Shenzhen Dapeng Peninsula National Geopark has a subtropical marine monsoon climate.

Dapeng Peninsula, where Shenzhen Dapeng Peninsula National Geopark is located, borders on Daya Bay in the East, Huizhou in the west, Dapeng Bay in the West and South China Sea in the south. The shortest distance from Pingzhou, Hong Kong is 3.704km.

In September 2005, the Ministry of land and resources officially approved the establishment of Shenzhen Dapeng Peninsula National Geopark.

geographical environment

Location context

Shenzhen Dapeng Peninsula National Geopark is located in the central and southern part of Dapeng Peninsula in the east of Shenzhen City, about 50 kilometers away from the urban area. It faces Hong Kong across the sea in the West and Huizhou sea area in the north. Its geographical coordinates are 114 ° 26 ′ 00 ′ e ~ 114 ° 37 ′ 20 ′ E and 22 ° 27 ′ 00 ′ N ~ 22 ° 36 ′ 20 ′ n, with a total area of 150 square kilometers

The management area of the geological heritage reserve is 50.87 square kilometers, and the coastline is 67.8 kilometers. The park extends to queyan in the south, haichaijiao in the East, and Shuitou shayingguanling fossil group in the West and North.

topographic features

Shenzhen Dapeng Peninsula National Geopark takes mount Qiniang as the main body, coastal landscape belt as the main interface, integrates tourism reception points, geological resources points and landscape resources points, forming a "113" pattern of "one core", "one belt" and "three points". From ocean to mountain, the park can be divided into seafloor, coastal beach, lagoon plain, alluvial platform, hill and low mountain area. The landscape of the park is dominated by hills, dense forests, overlapping peaks, steep mountains near the bank, and seven peaks scattered.

Geological characteristics

The geological features of Dapeng Peninsula National Geopark in Shenzhen are Mesozoic volcanic geological relics formed by multiple volcanic eruptions from Late Jurassic to early Cretaceous and typical coastal landscape formed from 20000 to 10000 years ago. According to the geological environment, volcanic formation mode, rock types and the relationship with volcanic institutions, the Mesozoic volcanic facies in the Geopark is basically continental eruption. The eruption mode can be divided into 7 volcanic facies, i.e. explosive facies, explosive colluvial facies, explosive + overflow facies, overflow facies, extrusive facies (including cataclastic breccia facies and explosive breccia facies), volcanic channel facies and subvolcanic rocks

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There are various types of rocks in the park, including rhyolite, tuff, agglomerate and other rocks formed by volcanism. It is a natural classroom for popularizing knowledge of volcanic geology. The beach, gravel beach, sea erosion cliff, sea erosion pillar, submarine coral reef and other coastal landscapes are complete and well-developed, which is a typical headland bay type coastal landscape in China. The coast of Dapeng Peninsula includes 18 beaches.

Climatic characteristics

Shenzhen Dapeng Peninsula National Geopark is located in the south of Tropic of cancer, the transition zone between the northern edge of Asian tropics and the south subtropics. The main characteristics are: mild climate, sufficient light, rich heat, abundant precipitation, humid air. The climate is warm in spring and autumn and winter. The annual average temperature is 22.3 ℃, the maximum temperature is 36.6 ℃, and the minimum temperature is 1.4 ℃. It is divided into dry and wet seasons, with short dry season and long wet season. Affected by the Southeast Pacific monsoon, the rainy season is from May to September every year, with an average annual rainfall of 2000 mm. The frost free period is long, the wind changes with seasons, and the climate vertical difference is large.

natural resources

plant resources

In Dapeng Peninsula, plants grow luxuriantly. The natural vegetation composition and community characteristics show the transition between tropical and subtropical. The representative types of zonal vegetation are tropical monsoon forest and subtropical evergreen forest. The natural vegetation is divided into six types by plant communities: evergreen broad-leaved forest community, evergreen all year round, luxuriant branches and leaves, dense canopy, large coverage, rich in composition species, but the dominant species are not obvious; evergreen seasonal rainforest community, a small piece of sporadic secondary forest, mainly composed of evergreen species, including banyan, yajiaomu, may tea, Agaricus, etc.; low mountains and hills The results show that the communities of Pinus massoniana, shrub and mangji, Pinus massoniana, shrub and grass on low hill and platform, grass communities on low mountain and mountain top, mainly composed of thatch grass, partridge grass and Carex grass, and mangrove community belong to a unique forest vegetation type on tropical coastal tidal flat with rich species, including beach mangrove and coastal semi mangrove. It is mainly composed of Tung flower tree, mouse tendon, Kandelia candel, silver leaf tree, sea mango, sea lotus, etc. Plant height is generally 15-3 meters, dense clumps. Another 17 species of endangered plants originated more than 200 million years ago, including Alsophila spinulosa, golden dog, Maocha, ebony and Osmunda japonica. Among them, Guangdong Ziji has been declared extinct as a plant species by experts.

Animal resources

As of 2014, there are more than 230 kinds of birds, 37 kinds of mammals, 18 kinds of amphibians and 40 kinds of reptiles in Dapeng Peninsula.

Main scenic spots

Sea stone wonder landscape area

Haishi spectacle scenic spot is located in the south of the National Geopark, with a total area of about 17.39 square kilometers. It is another core scenic spot of the Geopark, with steep coastal mountains, narrow ridges, bare bedrock, many cliffs, close to the seashore, and steep slopes into the sea. The coastal landforms in the scenic area are the most typical types of coastal landforms, with many promontories, harbors and beautiful scenery. The coastal landforms in the scenic area are complete, covering almost all types of known marine erosion landforms: sea erosion cliff, sea erosion cave, sea erosion platform, sea erosion cave and so on. At the same time, the marine landforms such as Boulder Beach, gravel beach, beach and lagoon bar are also very representative.

Buxi bayberry scenic spot

Buxi Yangmei scenic spot is located in the north of Qiniang mountain, with a total area of about 10.74 square kilometers. It is mainly composed of yangmeikeng geological landscape, including some ancient volcanic geological relics and the cultural landscape of Gaoling ancient village. The ancient volcanic geological landscape and dome travel area in the scenic area together constitute a complete ancient volcanic relic of qiniangshan. In Yangmei crater and xiangshuikeng, the scenic spots of volcanic bubble structure, lava ball structure and crumpled flow structure are intensively displayed.

Paleontological fossil scenic spot

Paleontological fossils scenic spot is located in shuitousha community, Nan'ao street, with a total area of about 0.61 square kilometers. The main landscape resources are plant fossils. This is the burial site of Early Jurassic fossils. A large number of pteridophytes are preserved in gray black argillaceous siltstone. They are identified as cycadae by Nanjing Institute of paleontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences. Beneisu, also known as "Mesozoic flowering plant", is a kind of extinct plant widely distributed in Mesozoic. The cycads discovered in this study belong to the early Jurassic Jinji formation and are abundant in associated plants. The discovery of fossil sites in Guangdong Province can provide a strong basis for the early Jurassic plant fossil assemblages and the scientific problems of paleoenvironment, paleoclimate and PALEOECOLOGY.

Maple fault scenic spot

Fengmulang fault scenic spot is located in the periphery of fengmulang reservoir, with a total area of about 0.73 square kilometers. It mainly includes fengmulang reservoir, fengmulang fault zone, snake Valley and other landscape geological resources. The main feature of the scenic spot is geological fault landscape. As fengmulang reservoir is the largest reservoir in the park and is a first-class water source protection area, it is now protected, restricted to development and forbidden to visitors.

Luzui tidal area

Luzui tidal observation scenic spot is located in the southeast of the park, with a total area of about 10.74 square kilometers, including dayanding ancient volcanic geological relics and luzui coastal geological landscape. It is the concentrated embodiment of the coexistence of ancient volcanic geological relics and coastal geological landscape.

Dome travel area

Dome travel area is located in the northern part of the west of Qiniang mountain, with a total area of about 10.46 square kilometers, including three main scenic areas: the main peak of Qiniang mountain, the stream of Qiniang mountain and the geological museum.

museum

Shenzhen Dapeng Peninsula National Geopark museum is located in the dome travel scenic area of Shenzhen Dapeng Peninsula National Geopark, which is one of the core landscapes of the Geopark. According to the requirements of the Ministry of land and resources for the construction of the National Geopark, the museum has a construction area of 5410 square meters.

The museum has six exhibition halls: preface hall, earth exploration hall, Dapeng Peninsula exhibition hall, mineral exhibition hall, urban and geological environment exhibition hall and temporary exhibition hall. At the same time, there are 3D popular science cinema, multifunctional lecture hall and dinosaur outdoor exhibition hall.

Development and construction

Development planning

From 2006 to 2008, we will build infrastructure and tourism service facilities, shape the overall image of the park, establish a sound ecological environment management and monitoring system, and become an important tourism, conference, entertainment and leisure destination in Guangdong.

From 2009 to 2011, the goal is to become a famous tourism, conference, entertainment and leisure destination in China, and achieve economic and ecological benefits

Chinese PinYin : Da Peng Ban Dao Di Zhi Gong Yuan