Mangrove Reserve

Mangrove Reserve

Mangrove is a kind of viviparous plant growing in swamp area, which is mainly composed of brushwood. In recent years, due to the development of land, mangrove is becoming less and less. Mangrove is a vigorous ecological environment, ranging from plankton to crustaceans, fish, crabs, birds, etc., which are all in the mangrove dependent food chain. Mangrove is also the best environment for studying ecology and ornamental birds, which provides us with a good learning opportunity. Therefore, the value of mangrove is here, which is worthy of our protection.

Suitable forest land

Mangroves grow in the intertidal zone where tides arrive and dry and wet overlaps, but not all tidal zones can grow mangroves. Generally, the tidal flat suitable for mangrove growth is called mangrove forest suitable forest land, and the tidal flat with mangrove growth is called mangrove forest land, In theory, the tidal flat that mangrove can reach naturally is suitable for mangrove tidal flat. Therefore, it is necessary to confirm the two boundaries of suitable forest land, namely, the inner boundary to land and the outer boundary to sea. The inner boundary is the land bank or seawall that can be affected by the maximum tidal water, so it is easy to judge and confirm. The outer boundary is also called the critical boundary suitable for forest. The middle tidal level of mangrove is equivalent to the middle tidal high level of tide, and the low tidal level of mangrove is equivalent to the high tidal level of equinox. The outer boundary of mangrove is about equal to the mean sea level or the tip, which is the critical boundary of mangrove suitable for forest.

Main afforestation tree species

According to the principle of suitable area, the mangrove species suitable for afforestation in Shankou nature reserve are those that adapt to the local climate conditions, grow well in the local area and have a certain number of seedling sources, mainly some native tree species that grow locally, including Avicennia marina, Kandelia candel, Aegiceras corniculata, mangrove, Bruguiera, sea lacquer, etc.

Characteristics of plant reproduction

Mangrove in mangrove reserve is a kind of special plant type. They grow in the intertidal zone with salt content, lack of oxygen and frequent tidal activities. Through natural selection, they form some unique forces to adapt to the tidal flat environment. One of the most obvious is the viviparous reproduction of mangrove plants. The viviparous reproduction of mangrove plants can be divided into two types: one is viviparous, that is, the seeds of mangrove plants germinate in the fruit of the mother tree and break through the peel to form a drooping hypocotyl hanging on the tree. After the hypocotyl matures, it falls into the mud and rapidly grows roots to form seedlings, The other is cryptoviviparous, in which the viviparous seedlings formed by seed germination of mangrove plants remain in the pericarp, and the viviparous seedlings grow radicle after the pericarp swells and breaks. Another reproductive characteristic of mangrove is to use r reproductive strategy, which can achieve its reproductive function by producing a large number of propagules,, For example, the annual production of hypocotyls of a red sea olive can reach more than 100 branches, and the annual production of fruits of a white bone soil can reach more than 1000 grains. However, the number of seedlings that can grow from these hypocotyls is very small. Most of the hypocotyls are returned to nature as organic matter. In addition, the way of reproduction of mangrove plants is basically sexual reproduction, rarely asexual reproduction. Due to the loss of ideal ecological environment, it is impossible to prevent the reduction of mangrove area in many places by relying on its natural reproduction ability. It is an effective way to recover mangrove natural resources quickly by collecting mangrove propagules for artificial seedling raising and afforestation.

ecological value

Mangrove reserve mangrove also has great ecological benefits for human beings. Because mangroves have luxuriant branches and developed roots, they can firmly take root in the beach silt and form a natural barrier parallel to the coastline, so they can effectively resist and reduce the damage of natural disasters to the dike.

The total ecological function value of mangroves in China is 2.37 billion yuan per year, of which a large number of direct and indirect values are not included, such as landscape ecological value, wetland system construction value, risk and sewage removal value, reducing the frequency of red tide, self medicinal value, economic timber value and so on. If these projects are scientifically included, the ecological function value of mangroves will be improved The value will be greatly increased. Therefore, mangrove is a valuable asset given by nature.

Mangroves in the world are generally distributed in the range between Tropic of cancer and Tropic of cancer. There are two distribution centers, one in East Asia and the other in central and South America. Mangroves in China and East Asia are the same type, mainly distributed in Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan, Taiwan, Fujian and the southern coast of Zhejiang. Among them, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region has the most abundant mangrove resources, accounting for more than 1 / 3 of the National Mangrove area. In the west coast of the Pacific Ocean, mangroves in China are representative in terms of species and distribution.

The beautiful mangrove forest not only provides a good leisure and sightseeing place for human beings, but also an important embodiment of marine biodiversity. Investigation and research show that mangrove is one of the few ecosystems with diverse species in the world, and the biological resources are very rich. For example, there are 111 species of macrobenthos, 104 species of birds, 133 species of insects and 159 species of algae in Shankou mangrove area of Guangxi.

geographical distribution

Mangroves in the world are generally distributed between Tropic of cancer and Tropic of cancer. There are two distribution centers, one in East Asia and the other in central and South America. Mangroves in China and East Asia are the same type, mainly distributed in Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan, Taiwan, Fujian and the southern coast of Zhejiang. Among them, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region has the most abundant mangrove resources, accounting for more than 1 / 3 of the National Mangrove area. In the west coast of the Pacific Ocean, mangroves in China are representative in terms of species and distribution.

The beautiful mangrove forest not only provides a good leisure and sightseeing place for human beings, but also an important embodiment of marine biodiversity. Investigation and research show that mangrove is one of the few ecosystems with diverse species in the world, and the biological resources are very rich. For example, there are 111 species of macrobenthos, 104 species of birds, 133 species of insects and 159 species of algae in Shankou mangrove area of Guangxi.

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