Dunhuang West Lake Nature Reserve

Gansu Dunhuang West Lake National Nature Reserve

synonym

Dunhuang West Lake Nature Reserve generally refers to Gansu Dunhuang West Lake National Nature Reserve

Gansu Dunhuang West Lake National Nature Reserve is located in the west of Dunhuang City, Gansu Province. The reserve was founded in 1992 and was promoted to the National Nature Reserve in June 2003 with the approval of the State Council.

The total area of the reserve is 660000 hectares. The main protected objects are wetland ecosystem, desert ecosystem and their wild animals and plants.

Historical evolution

Gansu Dunhuang West Lake National Nature Reserve was founded in September 1992, formerly known as "Gansu Dunhuang West Lake Bay yaodun nature reserve".

In April 2002, the nature reserve was renamed "Gansu Dunhuang West Lake Provincial Nature Reserve".

In June 2003, with the approval of the State Council, Gansu Dunhuang West Lake Provincial Nature Reserve was promoted to a national nature reserve.

geographical environment

geographical position

Gansu Dunhuang West Lake National Nature Reserve is located in the west of Dunhuang City, Gansu Province, adjacent to Kumtag Desert and Lop Nur in the west, Aksai Kazakh Autonomous County in the South and Hami City in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region in the north. Its geographical coordinates are 92 ° 45 ′～ 93 ° 50 ′ E and 39 ° 45 ′～ 40 ° 36 ′ n.

Topography

The reserve is located at the western end of Hexi Corridor in Gansu Province, with high terrain in the South and low terrain in the north. It slopes slightly from east to west, with an average altitude of 1138 meters. The average altitude of Altun Mountain in the south is more than 3100 meters, the highest peak is 5798 meters, and the altitude of yaodun in Beibu Gulf is 960 meters. The Gobi Area in the reserve is the largest, and it is the alluvial plain in front of Altun mountain, which has decreased from 3800m to 1100m. The reserve is a part of Dunhuang basin and the lowest point of Hexi corridor. There are five types of landforms: Desert, Gobi, bare Stone Mountain, wetland grass and desert vegetation.

climate

The nature reserve has a temperate continental extremely arid desert climate. It is cold in winter, hot in summer and cool in autumn. The annual average temperature is 9.9 ℃, the hottest month is 26.7 ℃ in July, and the coldest month is - 10.4 ℃ in January. The daily temperature range is large, up to 29 ℃. The sunshine duration is long, the annual sunshine hours are 3246.7 hours, and the sunshine rate is 73%. The total solar radiation is 641.84 kJ / cm2. The annual average precipitation is 39.9 mm. The annual average wind speed is 2.2 m / s.

soil

The soil in the reserve can be divided into five types: aeolian sandy soil, brown desert soil, saline soil, meadow soil and swamp soil.

Regional scope

Gansu Dunhuang West Lake National Nature Reserve covers a total area of 660000 hectares, accounting for 21.2% of the total land area of Dunhuang City, including 198000 hectares of core area, 145750 hectares of buffer area and 31625 hectares of experimental area.

Protection target

Protected objects

Gansu Dunhuang West Lake National Nature Reserve is an inland wetland and water ecosystem nature reserve. The main protected objects are wetland ecosystem, desert ecosystem, rare wildlife and their habitats.

Animal resources

Up to 2013, there are 42 species of insects, 8 species of fish, 2 species of amphibians, 13 species of reptiles, 141 species of birds and 32 species of mammals in the reserve, with a total of 196 species. Among them, there are 6 species of wild animals under the first-class national protection, including Bactrian camel, Golden Eagle, black stork, little bustard, great bustard and spotted bustard; 33 species of wild animals under the second-class national protection, including red necked Greyhound, rock heron, grassland eagle, grey backed falcon, lynx and gazelle.

In addition, there are 111 species of terrestrial wild animals that are beneficial or have important economic and scientific research value, including Bufo raddei, sand tiger of western regions, sand boa, Red duck, spotted thrush, golden eyed bunting, red fox and wolf; 36 species of white Spoonbill and Swan are listed in the Convention on international trade in endangered species of Wild Fauna and flora; and 36 species are listed in the government of the people's Republic of China and the government of Japan 32 species of egret, heron and crested duck are listed in the agreement of the government of the people's Republic of China on the protection of migratory birds and their habitats; 11 species of Redshank, Sandpiper, common tern, swiftlet with white waisted and white Wagtail are listed in the agreement of the government of the people's Republic of China and the government of Australia on the protection of migratory birds and their habitats.

plant resources

As of 2013, there are 80 species of seed plants in the reserve, including 1 gymnosperms and 79 angiosperms, belonging to 61 genera and 23 families. It belongs to three kinds of national protected plants, including gymnocarpus nudus, Populus euphratica and Haloxylon ammodendron.

The local vegetation in the nature reserve is dominated by super xerophyte and xerophyte, and the arbor species are only Populus euphratica and Haloxylon ammodendron, which are mainly xerophyte and super xerophyte shrubs, subshrubs and small subshrubs, such as ephedra membranaceus, Nitraria tangutorum, Salsola oleracea, Tamarix ramosissima, Hedysarum odoratum and Salicornia acuminata, etc It is a constructive species of meadow.

Management measures

Management organization

The nature reserve was established as a provincial nature reserve with the approval of Gansu Provincial Government in February 1992. In 2005, it was approved by the editorial board member of Gansu Province and the Forestry Department of Gansu Province to establish an organization and team. The Management Bureau of the nature reserve is a county-level public welfare institution under the management of the Forestry Department of Gansu Province and fully funded by the finance of Gansu Province.

There are six basic protection stations in the Bureau, including lucaojing protection station, Yumenguan protection station, tuliangdao protection station, Houkeng protection station, cuimutu protection station and duobagou protection station.

Management content

The administration bureau is responsible for the implementation of national and provincial laws and regulations on the construction of nature reserves, the formulation of various management systems, and the organization and implementation of them; it is responsible for the investigation of natural resources in nature reserves, the establishment of archives, the organization of environmental and resource monitoring, and the protection of environment and natural resources; it is responsible for organizing and coordinating relevant departments to carry out scientific research and popularization and application; and it is beneficial to the work of nature reserves Appropriate and reasonable industrial development should be carried out.

Grassroots protection stations are responsible for supervising the implementation of national laws and regulations on nature reserves; completing various tasks assigned by the administration; organizing resource investigation, forest resource patrol and monitoring; forest management, forest administration inspection, forest protection and fire prevention; monitoring, prevention and control of forest diseases and insect pests in the area under their jurisdiction; and management of forest resources in the area under their jurisdiction Rescue and protection of endangered wild animals and plants; be responsible for publicizing the laws and regulations of the nature reserve and forestry to the people within the jurisdiction.

Protection value

Gansu Dunhuang West Lake National Nature Reserve is an inland wetland, desert ecosystem and wildlife type nature reserve. As of 2013, there are 34 species of national key protected wildlife and 3 species of national key protected plants in the reserve. There are also a large area of original natural vegetation, wildlife and natural wetlands, with a total wetland area of 260000 hectares. A large area of desert forest and wetland vegetation in Dunhuang West Lake National Nature Reserve is a green barrier for the survival and development of Dunhuang oasis. It is of great significance to protect the ecological balance of Dunhuang and Western China, improve the regional ecological climate, ensure the sustainable and healthy development of industrial and agricultural production and Tourism in Dunhuang, and protect the world cultural heritage Mogao Grottoes.

Address: 8 km west of Yumenguan, Dunhuang City, Gansu Province

Longitude: 94.658431

Latitude: 40.144199

Chinese PinYin : Dun Huang Xi Hu Zi Ran Bao Hu Qu