Maota

Maota

Maota used to be an ancient pagoda on a small island in Maohe River (now known as the Sun Island International Club). Now it is in zhangjiawei village, Shenxiang Town, Qingpu District, Shanghai. Built in the reign of emperor Qianfu of Tang Dynasty (874-879), it is a rectangular brick Pagoda with five levels and four sides. The pagoda has been repaired in the past dynasties. Now the pagoda is complete, and the Tasha and Xianglun still exist. Maota was listed as a cultural relic protection unit in Qingpu District in 1959 and a municipal cultural relic protection unit in 1962.

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Beacon beacon

When the Maohe river is vast and broad, the light on the top of the tower is used as a navigation mark for ships, which has become the second oldest traditional lighthouse in China. At the end of the Song Dynasty (1279 AD), due to the coastline of Shanghai beach moving outward, the navigation lights of maota went out. However, the local people still treat maota as a deity and take good care of her. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, maodao Buddhist temple was destroyed, and only maota was left. Mao Tower is a brick and wood structure with five levels and four sides, 29 meters high and 8.63 meters long. It was announced as a cultural relic protection unit of Qingpu County in March 1959 and a cultural relic protection unit of Shanghai City in September 1962. After being revised by Shanghai Cultural Relics Administration Committee in 1995, Mao Tower, which has completely lost the function of navigation aids, reappears the style of Tang tower in the past. It is managed by navigation aids and navigation Office of Shanghai Haishi Bureau. Mao island is renamed "Sun Island" and is planned to become Shanghai Sun Island International Club in Zhangma village, Shenxiang Town, Qingpu District, Shanghai. At the beginning of 1998, five Chinese historical and cultural relics lighthouses in maotaling street, Qingpu District, Shanghai ranked among the top 100 world historical and cultural relics lighthouses. On May 18, 2002, the State Post Office of China issued a set of 5 special stamps of 2002-10t historical and Cultural Relic Lighthouses with the theme of five Chinese historical and Cultural Relic Lighthouses including Mao Tower in Qingpu, Shanghai.

Architectural features

Maota is an ancient pagoda in Sanmao area. It is located on a small island in Maohe River and belongs to Zhangma village, Shenxiang town. In ancient times, it used to be the center of Maohu lake. Mao Tower is a brick and wood structure with five levels and four sides, 29 meters high and 8.63 meters long. Square plane, five stories, neat and simple architectural techniques, with the characteristics and style of Tang tower. At that time, the lake was vast, and all the ships used the tower as a navigation mark. The lights were hung on the top of the tower at night, which was more conducive to the night navigation of ships. Here, the lake is broad, the waves are reflected, and the ancient pagoda is reflected, which can be called a scenic spot. After the Ming and Qing Dynasties, due to the evolution of the lake, the temple buildings were destroyed. Only Mao Tower still stands in the water. Today, people plant peach blossoms around the tower. In spring, there is a lot of red clouds, which has a special field flavor. The structure of this pagoda is simple, and it keeps the style of Tang Dynasty. It is the earliest existing Pagoda in Shanghai, and has been listed as a national key cultural relic protection unit. In the Southern Song Dynasty, it was a scenic spot in the south of the Yangtze River. But after the Ming Dynasty, the lake evolved into paddy field. During the reign of emperor Qianfu of Tang Dynasty (874-879), monk Ruhai built a platform and tower in the middle of Maohe River, and later added a palace and pavilion, which was named Chengzhao Buddhist temple. Song JINGDING years, renamed Futian temple, also known as long water tower. At that time, the Maohe river was vast, and ships were all marked by the maota. At night, lights were hung on the top of the tower to indicate the channel. Maota is a famous tourist attraction. By the time of liberation, there was only one tower, which was square in shape, with five levels and four sides. The body and phase wheel of the tower still existed, and the flat seat and waist eaves had been completely destroyed. In 1962, it was listed as a municipal cultural relics protection unit. After being revised by Shanghai Cultural Relics Administration Committee in 1995, Mao Tower, which has completely lost the function of navigation aids, reappears the style of Tang tower in the past. It is managed by navigation aids and navigation Office of Shanghai Haishi Bureau. Mao island is renamed "Sun Island" and is planned to become Shanghai Sun Island International Club in Zhangma village, Shenxiang Town, Qingpu District, Shanghai.

Documentation

According to the records of Futian Temple Pagoda by Tu Long of Ming Dynasty, "when you climb Mao pagoda and sit in the Sutra Pavilion, you can see the water and smoke on all sides; the floating picture of a great scholar stands majestically in the sky, with clouds and green clouds, and the waves pounding down it day and night; the fish and sand birds in Sichuan, the fish and sand birds in Sichuan, the fish and the Gorgon in the river, and the sound of bells and chimes is cold and answers the waves. In Shaoqing, the broken rainbow is winding, the superior wood is bright, the sun is bright, the wave is reflected in the heart, the palace and the pavilion are reflecting and twinkling, and the steepness is golden. In another instant, the moon comes out of the East China Sea, the waves are clear as a mirror, the streamer is rippling, straight is the floating gold Shashe. The heart sprinkles Yan, joyful. At that time, he wrote poems with all the emperors to record his travels. He covered the secluded and empty space, separated from the world, and had enough capital to live in seclusion and escape. The poets visited the mountains and waters in the clouds. "There are many buildings in the temple, such as stele Pavilion, Mountain Gate, bell tower, Drum Tower, Jiangshan tower, Chaoyin Pavilion, Wenchang Pavilion, cangjing Pavilion, Jiege Pavilion, Jingshi, monk's room, fangshengtai, zhaifang, Jialan Chan hall, Zhanying hall, Guanyin hall, zhuanzang hall, wusheng hall, Daxiong hall, etc. Inside, there are plaques of "Yunshan hall" by Zhao Ji, Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty, "Jiangshan tower" by Zhu Xi, "Yinyan cangyue" by Li Daiwen, "Abbot" by Zhao Mengfu "and" XIAOJINSHAN "by Dong Qichang. At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, the temple suffered repeated wars and most of its buildings were destroyed.

Tourism value

Maota is attracting more and more tourists, which has played a positive role in promoting the socio-economic and cultural development of Qingpu District. Since 1994, there has been an endless stream of tourists who come here every day to study Buddhism or to travel. They have received countless Dharma learners from many countries in Asia, America and Europe, as well as from all provinces, cities and regions in China, and tourists are even more numerous.

cultural antecedents

Since its completion, Mao pagoda has been inscribed with plaques and couplets by celebrities of all ages, which has profound implication and strong writing power, adding a lot of color to the wooden pagoda. Among them: in 1406, Zhu Di, Emperor Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty, led his troops to the northern expedition, stayed in Yingzhou, and went up to the city to enjoy the "Junji magic skill"; in 1508, Zhu houzhao, Emperor Wuzong of the Ming Dynasty, defeated the invading Tatar princes in Yanghe and Yingzhou, and went up to the tower to entertain the meritorious generals, he was entitled "wonders of the world".

There are 54 plaques and couplets of Ming, Qing and Republic of China in the tower. Couplets also have excellent works, such as "pull out the sky, surrounded by clouds and mountains arch a column, riding the wind and walking on the moon, thousands of fireworks meet the clouds"; "check through the clouds, looking west at Yanmen danxiu small, Linglong invading Bihan, looking south at the dragon head Cuifeng low". In addition, as famous as Mao Tower, a number of extremely precious Liao Dynasty cultural relics were found in the tower, especially the Liao Dynasty color printing, which filled the blank in the printing history of our country. Among the cultural relics, there are many scriptures, including manuscripts, wood block printed copies of Liao Dynasty, some of which are more than 30 meters long, which are rare in China. They provide valuable material for the study of the politics, economy and culture of Liao Dynasty.

Protection status

Maotali is still well preserved after more than 900 years of wind and rain erosion, earthquake and war. In addition to its firm foundation and strict structure, continuous maintenance is also an important reason, especially after the founding of new China. From 1974 to 1981, the state allocated a large amount of special funds and high-quality timber to carry out a comprehensive rush repair of the tower, making this ancient high-rise tower, which is the most complete protection, the most ingenious structure and the most spectacular appearance in the world today, take on a new look and stand tall. And with its long history, unique artistic style and superb architectural technology, it attracts tourists at home and abroad. To some extent, it has become one of the landmark buildings in Mentougou District. Mao Tower is integrated with modern architectural art, showing the civilization of Mao Tower for millions of years in front of the world.

Cultural relic value

Mao pagoda is not only a Buddhist pagoda, but also a lighthouse. At night, the "beacon light" on the top of the tower guides the way for the ships. In 1997, the International Association of navigation marks held a meeting in France to examine the cultural lighthouses that played an important role in navigation in history. The tower of China's maritime bureau is listed among the Twin Towers, Wenzhou's Jiangxin Twin Towers, Dalian old fellow lighthouses, the flower and bird Lighthouse of Hainan, and the Lighthouse of Hainan. The following year, the Association released the atlas of "top 100 world historical and cultural lighthouses", among which maota is one.

Address: Sun Island International Club, 2588 Shentai Road, Zhujiajiao Town

Longitude: 121.088159

Latitude: 31.03843

Tel: 021-59831865

Chinese PinYin : Mao Ta