Xianghu Lake

Xianghu tourist resort

synonym

Xianghu (Xianghu tourist resort) generally refers to Xianghu tourist resort

Xianghu tourist resort is one of the first batch of national tourist resorts in Zhejiang Province. The resort is located in the west of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou City, about 20 kilometers away from the center of Hangzhou City, across the Qiantang River and the West Lake scenic area, forming the golden triangle of Hangzhou tourism scenery with the West Lake and Qiantang River. The total planning area of the resort is 35 square kilometers, which is based on the historical and cultural Xianghu Lake, natural Xianghu Lake, leisure Xianghu Lake, and Hangzhou international scenic tourism city It has become a competitive and dynamic large-scale leisure tourism resort in the Yangtze River Delta.

Main attractions

There are 20 scenic spots, such as Xiangdi Wobo, Xiangpu fish watching, Yang Sixian recalling, green island star catching, cloud shadow in the center of the lake, City mountain nostalgia, Lake Bridge dream picking up, over dike sunset, ancient style of ciliary Road, over building tea tasting, cross Lake history asking, etc.

General situation of Xianghu Lake

Located in the west of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Xianghu tourist resort is 20 kilometers away from the center of Hangzhou city. It is a national tourist resort with profound historical accumulation and rich cultural landscape. Among them, Xianghu scenic spot is an AAAA scenic spot, one of the top 100 tourist attractions in China and a leisure tourist destination in China.

The resort was established in 1995 with the approval of Zhejiang Provincial People's government, with a total planning area of 35 square kilometers. The overall positioning of the resort is a competitive and dynamic large-scale leisure tourism resort in the Yangtze River Delta, which is based on the historical and cultural Xianghu Lake, natural ecological Xianghu Lake, leisure Xianghu Lake, and Hangzhou international scenic tourism city. Since its opening in 2006, the scenic spot has received more than 30 million tourists.

Xianghu Lake, the core of the resort, is known as the "sister Lake" of Hangzhou West Lake for its beautiful scenery. It is the birthplace of Zhejiang civilization, where the world's earliest canoe was unearthed. The cross Lake bridge cultural site excavated here is a state-level cultural relic protection unit. The Yuewang city site on the top of Xianghu City mountain is the best preserved ancient city wall site so far, witnessing the historical situation of "sleeping on firewood and tasting gall". Xianghu Lake is the hometown of he Zhizhang, a great poet of Tang Dynasty, including Li Bai, Lu You, Wen Tianxiang, Wen Tianxiang Liu Ji and other celebrities of all ages left immortal poems here.

The newly restored 1.2 square kilometers of lake surface, lakeside and embankment of Xianghu Lake scenic spot are the main space, and more than 30 scenic spots of five scenic spots are connected in series, forming a grand scene of "one bridge across the lake, two dykes, green island, three temples, ancient village, yaoyan, four gardens, Qihuan and five restaurants". In October 2008, Hangzhou Polar Ocean Park (Xiaoshan children's Park) was built and opened, with a total investment of 1 billion yuan. It is composed of polar ocean world, children's recreation area, birdsong forest and supporting service area. It is a novel ocean theme park integrating leisure, entertainment and science popularization. The newly built cross Lake Bridge Site Museum, xiasun cultural village, Yan'er Wedding Garden and Hehua village add new cultural connotations to Xianghu Lake. Yiwang blue water continues the culture and spirit of our ancestors for eight thousand years, and cultivates the leisure temperament of Xiaoshan's entertainment. It is a pure land far away from noise and tranquility.

"The two sides of the Strait are lined up with beautiful mountains and green hills, and a new water and green Luopu". The eight thousand year old Xianghu Lake is welcoming you with her charming style! Contact unit: Zhejiang Xianghu Tourist Resort Management Committee

Address: No.132 Xianghu Road, Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China

Formation and evolution

On the west side of Xiaoshan City, in the dark mountains, there is a vast expanse of clear water, which is like a mirror left behind by the heavenly palace. It is clear and pure. Zhou Qishen, a poet of the Qing Dynasty, called it "Hanxu Tianjing Luoling Lake", which is called Xianghu Lake.

The predecessor of Xianghu Lake is a lagoon evolved from an ancient Bay. To be specific, about 4000 years ago, at the beginning of the Holocene retrogression of cirrus, the area around Xianghu Lake was not a lake, but a shallow bay. Because of the mountain torrents on the upper side and the tidal current on the lower side, a large amount of sediment gradually accumulated at the mouth of the bay. As a result, the mouth of the Bay appeared and continued to expand. Finally, the passage between the Bay and the open sea was blocked, and the mouth of the Bay became a lagoon. Later, the lake water desalinated and became a fresh water lake. This naturally formed freshwater lake, called Xicheng lake, was first recorded in shuijingzhu by Li Daoyuan of the Northern Wei Dynasty.

The basin of Xicheng lake is shallow and flat, and the bank slope is gentle. It not only silts up naturally, but also becomes the object of reclamation. By the Northern Song Dynasty, Xicheng lake was finally annihilated and became a low-lying and rustic place. At that time, the Puyang river flowed into the sea through the Xixiaojiang River, the farmland around Xicheng lake was difficult to drain and irrigate, and the flood disasters were frequent During the period of Xining (1068-1077) and Daguan (1107-1110) in the Northern Song Dynasty, people from all counties asked to return the farmland to the lake and build the lake to store water. However, because of the opposition of the lakeside gentry, there was no result. It was not until the second year of Zhenghe (1112), when Yang Shi, the new magistrate of Xiaoshan County, built a man-made lake at the original site of Xicheng lake and realized the long cherished wish of the people. Because of its "beautiful mountains and sparse, clear and deep water, people in the city call it" Xianghu Lake ".

Xianghu Lake is from northeast to southwest. It is long and narrow in Northeast and wide in southwest. Its shape is like a gourd with long neck. From the southwest to Dongwang village, xianwenyan Town, and from the northeast to qiukou, 1km west of the city, the lake is about 9.5km long, 0.5km-3km wide and 40km in circumference, with a surface area of 37002mu (2467ha), equivalent to 4.5 times the area of Hangzhou West Lake. The lake irrigates 146868 mu (9791 hectares) of farmland in Chonghua, Zhaoming, Laisu, Anyang, Xuxian, Changxing, Xinyi, Xiaxiao and Youhua, which is known as the reservoir of Jiuxiang. There are 18 caves built around the lake, which are opened and closed on time for flood control and irrigation.

Water can store thousands of streams,

Drought and foot flow into nine townships.

——Ode to Xianghu

We are happy everywhere,

Millet from this life meaning back.

——Wu Yin's long drought in summer brought relief to Xianghu Lake created by Yang Gong of Guishan in Song Dynasty

These verses by Wei Ji, a man from Xiaoshan and a minister of the Ministry of officials of the Ming Dynasty, eulogize Yang Shixing's contribution to water conservancy and write the role of Xianghu Lake in rescuing farmland drought at that time.

In the seventh year after the completion of Xianghu Lake, that is, the first year of Xuanhe in the Northern Song Dynasty (1119), some huhao put forward the proposal of returning the lake to farmland. From then on, the dispute over the protection and abandonment of Xianghu Lake continued, and conflicts began from time to time. According to the records of Xianghu in Xiaoshan, there were more than 20 large-scale disputes between the protection of lake and the abolition of Lake in the 800 years from the completion of Lake in the Northern Song Dynasty to the 16th year of the Republic of China. The baohu faction often gained the upper hand, while the abandoned Lake faction failed repeatedly. Therefore, although the occupation of the lake often happened, the lake was not destroyed on a large scale.

At that time, Xianghu Lake was able to maintain a large area of water, mainly because the drainage and irrigation function of Xianghu Lake was needed for agriculture. Ming county magistrate Zhang Mao pointed out in the stone inscription written in Xiaoshan County, Xianghu, which is located at the county gate, "Xiaoshan (Xianghu) is really stuck to * the water to save drought and the interests of the people, and to live with the heaven and earth." Secondly, in order to prevent the encroachment of the lake and avoid the annihilation of the lake, the prohibition was very strict and the violators were severely punished, which effectively protected the lake. For example, in the 11th year of Chunxi of Song Dynasty (1184), Xianghu Lake was ordered to release water. Those who did not open the gate first according to the time were punished by "breaking their arms"; those who set up the gate privately and stole water at night were punished by "breaking their toes". In 1213, the sixth year of Jiading in Song Dynasty, Guo Yuanming, the magistrate of Xiaoshan County, in view of the fact that some people built houses privately in Xianghu Lake. Because of the fluctuation of the lake water and the difficulty in determining the boundary, he decided to distinguish it by the color of the soil beside the lake, "yellow mountain soil, green Li Lake soil." he stipulated that the scope of the lake should be bounded by this "golden line". In 1440, the fifth year of Zhengtong of the Ming Dynasty, it was stipulated that all the plants such as planting flowers, raising fish, building embankments, planting bamboo shoots and building houses on the lake should be demolished, and the land should be returned to the officials, and the crimes should be punished according to the seriousness of the circumstances. If they disobey and do not return, they will be two months overdue. "The prisoners should be upright, firmly shackled, even their wives and children, and sent to Beijing and liaodongwei, where they will be banished forever." Thirdly, Xianghu Lake has moistened thousands of hectares of fertile land with its clear water. The struggle of Jiuxiang people and officials for the preservation of Xianghu Lake has effectively prevented the decline of Xianghu Lake. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, Huang Yuanshou, a member of Daishang (Shiyan area), applied to reclaim the lake. When the news came out, farmers and squires jointly petitioned against it, and the government had to end it by banning reclamation. There were also many officials who stood up to protect Xianghu in the past dynasties, especially the contribution made by Wei Ji and his disciple he Shunbin in the middle of Ming Dynasty to defend Xianghu.

In spite of this, Xianghu Lake still experienced the process of becoming a lake, shrinking and even annihilating. After the Ming Dynasty, the evolution of Xianghu Lake was the fastest, in which human factors played a major role. As Yu Shida of the Qing Dynasty said in "a study of the Xianghu Lake", the residents along the lake, who spend their time on the sandy beach at the foot of the mountain, first plant willows and gradually fill them up. After a few years, they can plant trees and build houses. They are everywhere. There are those who plant Lotus beside the rocks according to the pollution, and those who catch fish by the dike. " The lake is being eaten away. In the last year of Hongwu (1397), Lake dweller Su yuanjiu reclaimed the land near the river of Shangxiang Lake under the pretext of making up for the official land. In the first year of Yongle (1403), Lake dweller Han Wang also reclaimed the Highlands in the lake. It was not until the fourth year of Jingtai (1453) that county magistrate Li mengchun restored all of them to the lake, punished them with 1600 stones, and declared that it was forbidden to cultivate the Highlands in the lake. During the reign of Tianshun (1457-1464), Sun Quan, a great family living by the lake, occupied the area

Chinese PinYin : Xiang Hu