Baisha ancient well

Baisha ancient well, referred to as Baisha well for short, is known as "the first spring in Changsha". Originally, only one well came out of the water. By the end of Ming Dynasty, the water was divided into two eyes. After many repairs, it was expanded into four eyes. The wellhead was 0.6 meters square, and the spring water gushed out from the bottom of the well all the year round. Once upon a time, there was a Dragon King Temple beside the well. There was a couplet in the temple, which said: "there is virtue in Changde mountain, but there is no sand in Changsha", indicating that the well water is clear and pure.

Baisha well's habit of taking water has lasted for thousands of years. You can also follow the example of citizens who come to fetch water with all kinds of pots and jars. The tea brewed with white sand well water is called "sand water tea", which is fragrant and sweet. It is said that the famous liquor "Baisha liquid" in Changsha was brewed from the well water.

Baisha ancient well

Baisha ancient well is located in the west side of Huilong mountain in the south of Changsha City, Hunan Province, about one kilometer southeast of Tianxin Pavilion. It has been one of the famous springs in the south of the Yangtze River since ancient times.

Spring water gushes from the bottom of the well, clear and transparent, sweet and delicious, four seasons.

history

It is impossible to find out when the Baisha ancient well was first dug. The local chronicles of Changsha before Ming Dynasty have been lost. The remaining chronicles of Changsha published in the 12th year of Chongzhen of Ming Dynasty (1639 AD) records: "baishajing, two Li southeast of Shanhua County, is the first spring in Changsha, with only a few feet of well and sweet fragrance. It can be seen that Baisha well is very famous now. According to the folk song, "Wuxi Xishan Mountain, Wuxi, Pinghu Lake, level lake, Changde Deshan mountain, Changsha sand water without sand.".

Kuang Minben and Yougong Zhang Jiusi, the Jinshi in the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, wrote the records of Baisha well and Baisha spring. They called their springs "fragrant and sweet, cool in summer and warm in winter", "flowing but not full, flowing but not Kui", and even compared them with the World Famous Springs Jinan Baotu Spring, Guiyang Loutu spring and wuxihui spring. Since the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Changsha people have been drinking this water for generations Even the residents of Xicheng District and Beicheng District came to pick up buckets and said, "the sun never stops." There are also many poor families who draw water and sell the whole city for a living. After the end of the Qing Dynasty, most of the peddlers lived near the well. The area of Baisha well was growing rapidly, so Baisha street was formed. Baisha ancient well is the spring of life in Changsha. Because of this, since the end of Qing Dynasty, the officials and gentry tried to monopolize Baisha well water. During the reign of Emperor Guangxu of Qing Dynasty, the magistrate of Shanhua once set up a stele behind the well to "show Xiaoyu", which divided Baisha well into official well and civilian well, and made water regulations. In the early years of the Republic of China, another warlord set up a "notice" tablet beside the well, engraved with the words "Zhaode Baisha well water, the four wells have clear boundaries, each well sells water and draws water, and the official well is exclusively for the officers and soldiers". In the old days, there was also a "water carrying meeting" in the local area. Those who wanted to sell sand and water had to pay several silver dollars to join the meeting and obtain the evidence before they could get water. After liberation, Baisha well returned to the people's hands, and people were really free to drink Baisha water. In 1950, in order to protect the ancient well, the Municipal People's Government specially allocated funds for the maintenance of the ancient well, the establishment of stone railings, and the paving of the ground, making the Baisha ancient well the first place of interest to be restored after the liberation of Changsha.

praise

Mao Zedong, the leader of the founding of the people's Republic of China, said in his poem, "I only drank Changsha water and ate Wuchang fish." Sand water and Changsha water refer to the water of Baisha well. Baisha spring is pure and pure in water quality. The color and taste of making tea are unique. The wine is fragrant and mellow. The decoction and soup are excellent. No matter in winter or summer, the spring does not overflow. The same amount of water is always kept in the spring, never overflowing, never drying up, and the water level does not change. Up to now, many residents have come here to get water for drinking.

Baisha liquor, a famous liquor, was brewed with this water. Many people throughout the dynasties praised the use of spring water from the mountain range where baishajing is located. Xie Huilian, a litterateur of Jin Dynasty, wrote the poem "drink the mellow yeast of Hunan beauty", and Du Fu, a poet of Tang Dynasty, also wrote the poem "drink Changsha wine at night and travel Hunan water in spring".

In the Qing Dynasty, Huang Benji said in Hunan Fang Wu Zhi: "the wine of Changsha has been famous since ancient times." At the end of Ming Dynasty, the water content of Baisha well was two, then two more, now four. The original pavilions and pavilions beside the Baisha well were repaired many times, and then destroyed in the war. After liberation, Baisha well was renovated many times. The well was paved with granite, surrounded by stone railings, and trees were planted on the side of the slope.

Reconstruction of ancient well

In 2000, the Changsha municipal government decided to build Baisha Gujing Park in response to the motion of "protecting Baisha Gujing and building Gujing Park" put forward by the Municipal People's Congress. It followed the ancient system and called for folk donations. As soon as the news came out, there were many donors, including donors, ancient trees, flowers and flowers. Moreover, scholars and painters in Sanxiang sold calligraphy and paintings to raise money. On October 1, 2001, Gujing Park was officially opened to Changsha citizens, and equipped with local armed police to protect water sources.

The gate of the park is a four column and three hole archway building. The two columns in the middle are respectively engraved with the words "the sky is high, the wind and the moon gather, the garden is the endless place of creation, and it is a place for happiness" and "the ancient well is comparable to the eight sceneries. The common place for visitors is between the clean spring and the water". The horizontal inscription is "Baisha ancient well". After entering the gate, there is a square paved with strips of stone, and several towering ancient trees are scattered around the square, which is in the deep winter The leaves withered and the tree was tightly entangled with thick hemp ropes to keep out the cold. In the north of the square, there is a one or two-story Suzhou garden style Baisha teahouse. The teahouse is not yet open. Only the osmanthus trees in front of the court and the door couplets of "a garden full of moonlight and tea, eternal spring with rhyme flow" depict the spiritual charm of well water cooking and tea tasting in front of Guangxi.

The soul of the park lies in the Baisha ancient well in the center of the park. The well area is backed by a small earth mountain built in imitation of the ancient. The stone railings built around the well separate the mountain from the well. The well area is a small fan-shaped square built by large stones, which is slightly lower than the ground. There are four square wells. The water flows up to the bottom of the hole, which is equal to the well head. The surplus water flows along the cracks of the stone bars to the ditches on both sides of the square. People came to fetch water in an endless stream, and there were many kinds of water holding tools, such as Coke bottles, cooking oil pots, plastic wine pots, and even mineral water pots. The sound of water was in an uproar.

Traffic information

Take bus No.139, 145, 803 and get off at baishajing station

Characteristics of four seasons

Baisha ancient well is one of the famous scenic spots in Changsha. Spring water gushes out from the bottom of the well. It is clear, transparent, sweet and delicious, and it lasts for four seasons. The water in the well is warm in winter and cool in summer. Many tourists and tour groups come to visit Baisha ancient well every year. I also like to visit Baisha Gujing very much.

In spring, a lot of green grass and moss grow beside the ancient well. The bare trees standing by the ancient well also had some tender leaves. There are a lot of tourists around the well. There are also some people with spoons and buckets. They come here specially to draw water.

In summer, the water in the well is cold. Many children yelled happily, took off their shoes and rushed into the ditch beside the well to play. I was no exception, running back and forth happily in the ditch. Sometimes I would take a spoon and pour water on my hands and feet. I'm so happy! If you are thirsty, take a spoon and drink.

In autumn, the yellow leaves on the trees fall one by one into the well, the edge of the well and the corridor People are playing cards, chatting or in a daze on the stone table beside the ancient well!

In winter, the well water is warm. We put our frozen hands in the warm well water. It's very comfortable! Take off the thick cotton padded clothes, we happily run by the well, play games

Surrounding scenic spots

Juzizhou, Yuelu Mountain, Yuelu Academy, window of the world, underwater world, Mawangdui Han tomb, Hunan Provincial Museum, Martyrs Park, dufujiang Pavilion

Address: No.26 Baisha Road, Furong district, Changsha City, Hunan Province (west side of Helong Stadium)

Longitude: 112.98064339161

Latitude: 28.179495851247

Tel: 0731-88662008; 0731-8

Tour time: 1-2 hours

Traffic information: take bus No.139, 145, 803 and get off at baishajing station

Ticket information: Free

Opening hours: 8:00-18:00

Chinese PinYin : Bai Sha Gu Jing