Former site of Guangdong Farmers Association

Former site of Guangdong Farmers Association

In the quiet Lixing street of Donggao Avenue, there is a spacious courtyard with a neat and beautiful Beige building. In the eventful years of the great revolution, it was the seat of the Guangdong Provincial farmers' Association (hereinafter referred to as "the provincial farmers' Association"), the combat headquarters of 800000 members of the Guangdong farmers' Association.

The provincial farmers association is located at No.1 Donggao Avenue (now No.6 Lixing street, Donggao Avenue). This building was originally the garden villa of Chen Gongshou, deputy head of Guangzhou business group. In October 1924, the revolutionary government led by Sun Yat Sen suppressed the rebellion of the commercial group and confiscated the building. The Peasant Movement Institute (hereinafter referred to as "the Institute") moved from Huizhou guild hall on Yuexiu South Road (now No. 89, Yuexiu South Road) to here, and continued its third to fifth sessions. Since its establishment, the provincial farmers' Association took this as its base camp and led the peasants in the whole province to do earth shaking work before the "April 12" Kuomintang counter revolutionary coup in 1927. In October 2019, it was listed in the list of the eighth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

Inside facilities

This villa has two floors in the front and three floors in the back, which are connected with each other. It is of brick and wood structure, surrounded by a small patio. At that time, there were two wooden sentry boxes in front of the building, which were guarded by students of the Institute of agriculture with guns. In front of the building, there was a horizontal plaque with several big characters of "Guangdong farmers association", which was very eye-catching. In the hall on the first floor of the front building, there are portraits of Marx, Engels and Lenin. There are platforms and rows of benches in the hall, which become an auditorium for two or three hundred people to hold meetings and a large classroom for the Peasant Movement Institute. The East and west sides and the third floor of the auditorium are student dormitories. The first floor of the back building is the dining hall. The second floor of the front and back buildings are connected, and the whole floor is the conference room and office.

On May 1, 1925, under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, the first farmers' Congress of Guangdong Province was solemnly held in Guangzhou. The farmers' Association of Guangdong Province was established, the declaration of the farmers' Association of Guangdong Province was issued, the Executive Committee of the farmers' Association of Guangdong Province was elected, the new constitution of the farmers' Association of Guangdong Province was formulated, and the name and banner of the farmers' Association were unified.

Guangdong farmers' Association set up a secretary Bureau (later changed into a standing committee) as a permanent body, with five departments including Secretary, propaganda, organization, economy and military. Ruan Xiaoxian, Peng Pai, Luo Qiyuan, Zhou Qijian and Cai Ruping are standing members. The office of Guangdong farmers' Association is located on the second floor. At that time, Ruan Xiaoxian, Peng Pai, Zhou Qijian and others often worked here to guide the development of the peasant movement. In the same year, the third to fifth peasant movement workshops were all located here. Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Chen Yannian and others often went here to engage in revolutionary activities.

History Introduction

In October 1925, when Mao Zedong was teaching in the Fifth Agricultural Institute, he worked and stayed in a small room on the east side of the second floor. According to the old student's recollection, the furnishings were very simple, including an ordinary desk, a few chairs and a wooden bed. Mao Zedong once taught the theory of peasant movement in the Fifth Agricultural lecture Institute and wrote the brilliant book "analysis of all classes of Chinese peasants and their attitude towards revolution".

At the beginning of 1926, the Guangdong District Committee of the Communist Party of China held a training class for Party members here to train the backbone of the revolution. On the eve of the northern expedition, in order to improve the ideological consciousness of the Huangpu Military Academy and the Communists and activists in the National Revolutionary Army, the Guangdong District Committee of the Communist Party of China held weekly report meetings in the auditorium. Chen Yannian, Zhou Enlai, Yun Daiying, Zhang Tailei, Peng Pai and others gave situation reports and reports on military and peasant movements. Soviet counsellors Borodin and Galen also came here to give lectures to the students of the Peasant Movement Institute.

In August 1926, the second enlarged meeting of the Executive Committee of the provincial farmers' Association was held here. Qu Qiubai attended the meeting on behalf of the CPC Central Committee. The meeting played an important role in further promoting the development of the peasant movement in the whole province and supporting the northern expedition.

On April 15, 1927, the new warlords of the Kuomintang carried out bloody suppression on the Communists and the revolutionary masses in Guangzhou and other places. The provincial and local peasant associations were severely damaged, and the provincial peasant associations and most of their organizations stopped their activities. The former site used to be the garden villa of Chen Gongshou, deputy head of Guangzhou business group. The two-story front building and the three-story back building are connected with each other.

The former site of Guangdong farmers' Association is basically the same except that the staircase of the front building has been changed. In December 1979, it was announced by the people's Government of Guangdong Province as a cultural relics protection unit at the provincial level.

Address: No.6 Lixing street, Donggao Avenue, Yuexiu District, Guangzhou (formerly No.1 Donggao Avenue).

Longitude: 113.280629

Latitude: 23.12846

Ticket information: free.

Chinese PinYin : Guang Dong Sheng Nong Min Xie Hui Jiu Zhi