Yaji mountain

Yaji mountain

Yaji mountain scenic spot is located in liujiadian Town, Pinggu District, Beijing (91 km away from Tiananmen, 70 km away from Dongzhimen, 45 km away from Jinhai Lake) Because the two huge stones on the top of the mountain are like Yaji on ancient girls' heads, it is named Yaji mountain. Yaji mountain is also called "Dongdashan" by the people of all directions. The altitude of Yaji mountain is 363 meters. The Bixia Yuanjun temple on Yaji mountain is a famous Taoist temple in East Beijing. It was first built in the Tang Dynasty and flourished in the yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. The original Yunyan temple in kotou valley of Yaji mountain, which is divided into upper and lower temples, was first built in the Liao Dynasty and then rebuilt many times. On the precipice of Shangsi building, its scale and engineering risk are rare in ancient times.

Historical evolution

From the year of Zhenguan of Tang Dynasty to the early years of the Republic of China, all dynasties have built large-scale buildings here. There are more than 18 ancient buildings on the mountain and under the mountain. In 1713 (the 52nd year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty), the emperor's 60th birthday was celebrated. In order to celebrate his birthday, his subjects donated money to rebuild the Jade Emperor's pavilion on the East roof, with a statue of the supreme Jade Emperor in the golden palace of Haotian. Kangxi gave the plaque "Fu Xi Guang Sheng". On the West roof, there is the Bixia Yuanjun temple, which is called Niangniang Temple.

The buildings on the East and West roofs of Yaji mountain are magnificent, magnificent and exquisite. There is a special style iron tile hall on the West roof, in which there is a portrait of Wang's second grandmother. Between the East and the west, there are three main halls, called the three emperors' hall.

There is a bell tower in front of the hall of three emperors, about three feet high, with a huge bell hanging on it. On the left side, there is a drum tower corresponding to the bell tower. In addition, there are many pavilions on the hillside, such as Wanshou Pavilion, Xunshan temple, Sanguan hall, Bodhisattva hall, Huixiang Pavilion, etc. At the foot of the mountain are the emperor's palace and the opera house. Along the way, there are steles in every temple, especially those imperial steles, which are exquisite in quality and elegant in writing. They are masterpieces of the stone carvers at that time.

Since the Yuan Dynasty, Yaji mountain has been a holy place for people to worship and pray in the capital area. From emperors and concubines, royal families, dignitaries, scholars, citizens and villagers, they all have the custom of visiting Dongdashan temple fair. And during the temple fair, there was a flood of people. There are inscriptions on the mountain in 1715 ad (the 54th year of Kangxi), which record the grand occasion at that time: "every year in Mengxia, people from all walks of life will come here to worship and kowtow on paper and silk, or incense candles, which is called Shenghui. The grand occasion lasted until 1946.

It is said that in the Tang Dynasty, there were Taoists practicing on Mount Yaji. In the Ming Dynasty, there was a plaque on the "Heaven protecting Temple". More than ten original temples, such as Bixia Yuanjun temple and Yuhuangge, were destroyed on the eve of 1949. Later, local believers rebuilt Yuanjun hall and Mountain Gate on the top of the mountain, and restored Zixiao Palace at the foot of the mountain. "Yaji mountain temple fair" is held from the first to the fifteenth day of the fourth lunar month, and "golden autumn golden fruit Bixia flat peach picking Festival" is held from September 12 to October 2.

Yaji Shandong Dashan temple fair is one of the four major temple fairs in North China. In 1994, the Yajishan temple fair was included in the dictionary of Chinese Taoism published by the Chinese Academy of social sciences.

geographical environment

geographical position

Located in the north of liujiadian Town, Pinggu District, Yaji mountain is 14.5km away from Pinggu city. It borders on Miyun District of Beijing. The National Highway 101 and 102 runs through the whole area. Pinggu Huashan Xinglong County Highway in Hebei Province also passes through it.

topographic features

It is 361 meters above sea level. It is backed by Yanshan Mountain and faces the plain. It is pulled up on the flat ground. The top of the mountain is like two peaks and rocks, which are like two bun combed on a girl's head. Therefore, it is called "Yaji mountain".

Yaji mountain is located in the northwest to the southeast, full of green pines and cypresses. At the foot of the mountain, the cuohe river is surrounded by jade belts. In front of the mountain, there are 48 terraces leading to the top of the mountain. Behind the mountain is a precipice, straight and precipitous.

climatic conditions

Yaji mountain is a warm temperate monsoon climate zone. Winter and summer are long, spring and autumn are short. It is dry and windy in spring, hot and rainy in summer, cool and humid in autumn and cold and dry in winter. Northwest wind prevails in winter and southwest wind prevails in summer. There is a regional microclimate in the northeast mountainous area. There are four distinct seasons and plenty of sunshine. The annual average temperature is 11.5 ℃. The annual average maximum temperature is 17.3 ° C. The average annual precipitation is 644 mm, and the wind direction is mainly northwest, with an average frequency of 9%, mostly from November to February.

Scenic resources

Yaji mountain has two towering peaks, exquisite stone forest, rock imperial sitting, lush forest and many birds. There are many scenic spots in the scenic spot, such as shuangsong welcoming guests, huixianglangu, shijingdao, wanshoubai Baosong, yusaishi, Beilin nostalgia, Bixia sunset, Guanyin Wanghai, Shimen and so on. At the back of the mountain is Songlin villa, which can provide visitors with "cabin", "hammock" and other rest places.

The climate in spring, summer and autumn of Yaji mountain is cool and pleasant, the air is fresh, the scenery of the mountain is beautiful, and the smell of birds and flowers is fragrant. It provides a good place for tourists to enjoy the mountain climbing and cool in the summer. The curling incense fire, morning bell and evening drum make tourists feel the tranquility of the Millennium ancient view.

Yaji mountain is the holy land of Taoism in North China. It is full of incense, morning bell and evening drum, which makes people feel the charm of a thousand year old temple. Yajishan Temple Fair has lasted for more than 400 years and is one of the four major temple fairs in North China.

Yaji mountain was built in the Tang Dynasty and flourished in the yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. The emperors of the Qing Dynasty drove it many times and granted it "Jinding", "Jidong taidai", "Jinji Fudi" and "Lingying Palace". Yaji mountain scenic spot holds two large-scale activities every year, namely "Dashan" Temple Fair (from the first day of April to the 15th of April in the lunar calendar) and "golden fruit and Bixia flat peach picking Festival" (from the 12th of September to the 2nd of October in the Gregorian calendar). Yaji mountain has become an ideal place for rural tourism, agricultural sightseeing and religious activities in Jingdong. It is also an ideal place for primary and secondary school students to hold summer camp activities.

In the forest of Yaji mountain scenic area, the lush and green Pinus tabulaeformis forest grows vigorously, blocks out the sun, and the wild flowers under the forest are brilliant and colorful. Hammocks and wooden houses help tourists relax completely and restore health and freshness. At the back of the mountain is Songlin villa, which can provide visitors with "cabin", "hammock" and other rest places.

Related Legends

According to the Yuhuangge stele, "there is a mountain in the east of Beijing, called Yaji, which is located in Huairou County. The two peaks are towering and look like a bun, so it is named after it." There is a local folk legend about this mountain peak: the queen mother set up a peach banquet and ordered the fairy boy to offer wine. The fairy boy accidentally overturned the jade pot and spilled the slurry on the earth, becoming the wrong river at the foot of the mountain. The queen mother was so angry that she drove the fairy child down to earth and turned him into a mountain.

Legend is naturally a folk association, but it adds a bit of magic color to this scenic spot. It is said that in the Tang Dynasty, there were Taoists practicing in the mountains. In the Ming Dynasty, there was a plaque on the "Tianxian palace to protect the country". In the Qing Dynasty, Emperor Kangxi, Emperor Qianlong and Emperor Daoguang also wrote poems on it many times. More than ten temples, such as Bixia Yuanjun temple and Yuhuang Pavilion, form a towering complex and become a "Grand View of Kyoto scenic spots". The original temple was destroyed on the eve of 1949, and the local believers rebuilt the Yuanjun hall and the gate on the top of the mountain, and restored the Zixiao Palace at the foot of the mountain.

Since the Yuan Dynasty, Yaji mountain has been a holy place for people to worship and pray in the capital. From emperors and concubines, royal families, dignitaries, literati and scholars, citizens and villagers, they all have the custom of visiting Dongdashan. Emperor Kangxi and Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty visited Yaji mountain twice. At that time, when I was traveling, the flags were like clouds, and the horses were like dragons. As for the king of the Qing Dynasty, the high officials and the common people, the cars and horses gallop, the night and the morning, and the pilgrims to Yaji mountain go all the year round.

And during the temple fair, there was a flood of people. There are inscriptions on the mountain in the 54th year of Kangxi, which record the grand occasion at that time: "every year in Mengxia, people from all walks of life will come here to worship and kowtow on paper and silk, or raise incense candles. It's called Shenghui. It's impossible to win..." It lasted until 1946.

History and Humanities

Yaji mountain temple fair

Yaji mountain temple fair is one of the four major temple fairs in North China with a history of more than 400 years. The temple fair starts from April 1 to April 20 of the lunar calendar.

Address: liujiadian Town, Pinggu District, Beijing

Longitude: 116.969219

Latitude: 40.273917

Tel: 010-61972535

Chinese PinYin : Ya Ji Shan