Tomb of the floating mud king

Tomb of the king of sunI

synonym

The tomb of the floating mud king generally refers to the tomb of the king of sunI state

The tomb of King sunI is located at the south foot of Wugui mountain in shizigang, andemenwai, Yuhuatai District, Nanjing. It is the tomb of King Nani (now the Sultan of Brunei) manaragana in the early 15th century. It is one of the only two existing tombs of foreign kings in China (the other is the Tomb of King Sulu in Dezhou City, Shandong Province). It is a key cultural relic protection unit in China. The tomb of the king of sunI state is a historical witness of the friendly exchanges between China and Brunei, which has important historical value. Since the Northern Song Dynasty, the ancient sunI Kingdom has had a history of friendly exchanges with China. In the sixth year of Yongle reign in the Ming Dynasty, the king of sunI Kingdom, together with his royal family and accompanying officials, came to China for a friendly visit. In October of the same year, he died in Nanjing. Zhu Di, the founder of the Ming Dynasty, followed his will of "hope to bury the body and soul of the Chinese nation". He buried the king with ceremony. He was posthumously named king gongshun and built a temple to offer sacrifices. He became a native of Southwest China and stayed in the Chinese Cemetery for generations.

In November 2012, as one of the heritage sites of China's Maritime Silk Road project, the tomb of King sunI in Nanjing was included in the preparatory list of China's world cultural heritage. According to the schedule, the preparatory work was completed in 2015 and formally submitted to the world heritage Conference for deliberation in 2016.

Historical evolution

The mausoleum of manaragana, king of sunI in the early Ming Dynasty, is at Wugui mountain, Xianghua village, outside andemenwai, Nanjing. Ancient sunI Kingdom has a long history in Brunei, north of Kalimantan island. It has had friendly exchanges with China since the Northern Song Dynasty. Zhu Yuanzhang, the emperor of Ming Dynasty, once sent envoys to Wuni.

In the early years of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Yuanzhang, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty, appointed Zhang Jingzhi, the imperial censor, and Shen Zhi, the Minister of Fujian Province, as envoys to the floating mud country. When he returned to China, the king mahemusha sent envoys to China with Zhang Jingzhi to congratulate the establishment of the Ming Dynasty.

In the winter of the third year of Yongle (1405), King manaragana sent envoys to offer local products, and Ming Chengzu appointed officials as king, and granted seals of haole FUKAN he and Jinqi to collect coins.

In the sixth year of Yongle (1408), the king came to China with more than 150 people, including his wife, sister-in-law, children and accompanying officials, for a friendly visit and was warmly received by Emperor Yongle. The Ming government specially sent Zhang Qian, a Beijing official, to Fujian to welcome the floating mud king and his party. On the way from Fujian to Nanjing, all the counties and prefectures passed by were warmly received. After arriving in Nanjing, Emperor Yongle held a banquet in the Huagai hall, then held a banquet in the Fengtian hall to entertain the king and his accompanying officials, and sent his wife to entertain the queen and others in the Huitong hall. Usually, officials are sent to deliver banquet to the hotel, accompanied by the minister.

In October of the sixth year of Yongle (1408), the king suddenly fell ill. After consultation with the imperial doctor, he failed to rescue him. He died in Huitong Hall (now Tongjimen Park Road, Nanjing). Before his death, the king left a will: "the body is buried in China." Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty was extremely sad. He "stopped his reign for three days" and pursued "obedience". He buried shizigang in Andemen according to Chinese etiquette, and searched for the southwest people who had been naturalized in China to guard the king's tomb. In spring and autumn every year, special people were assigned to visit the tomb.

Due to the changes of the times and the war, the tomb of King BNI was once annihilated in the history, and it can not be found for more than 100 years. On the afternoon of May 12, 1958, cultural relics workers in Nanjing city discovered turtle falls crawling in Shanyang at the southern foot of Wugui mountain, which is subordinate to Tiexinqiao east to Huacun village. In the grass next to guitiao, there is a remnant stele lying on the ground. Most of the inscriptions are scattered. However, after careful investigation, we can discern that "the king was buried in shizigang outside ander's gate", "the vessels and gold and silver are gorgeous, and the coins are very thick. I give the king's wife" and "King Boni went to China". The next day, cultural workers found another section of the monument in the ditch in front of the tomb. This is the first half of the stele. The handwriting is mostly vague, but the beginning of " Happy six years The second day of the moon is coming, and the second day of the moon is coming. " It's recognizable. After repeated verification of historical materials by cultural relics workers, it is finally determined that this tomb is the tomb of King Boni, which has been buried for a long time.

Architectural features

After the discovery of the tomb of King sunI in 1958, the relevant departments organized experts and scholars to conduct painstaking investigation and textual research, so as to rescue this cultural relic with the value of historical data of Sino foreign exchanges from the dust of history and publish it to the public, which has caused great repercussions at home and abroad. The descendants of manaragananai and the officials, businessmen and scholars of Brunei successively organized groups to pay homage and visit the cemetery. 1988. Mr. Wu Benxing, a famous poet and professor of Chinese Department of Nanjing Normal University, came to the cemetery during the Qingming Festival and said: "the visit of King Wuni is the first sign of friendship between China and foreign countries.". In addition, he wrote a poem: "the tomb of sunI king will stay forever for a long time. The rest of the way has not been home, sea and sky empty, a total of Jinyang

The local government has listed the tomb of King sunI as a provincial cultural relic protection unit in Jiangsu Province, restored and righted the Shinto stone carvings and other buildings in front of the tomb, built a new cement road leading to the cemetery, and planted more trees around the cemetery every year. The Royal Chamber of Brunei twice sent envoys to sacrifice their ancestors. In September 1994, the head of the cultural delegation of Brunei, bihen Jamil, confirmed that the king of sunI was the king in Brunei history after investigation and research, and wrote the book "Sultan II of Brunei" accordingly. It has become a symbol of friendship between China and Brunei for generations.

In 2001, the tomb of King sunI was designated as a national key cultural relic protection unit. With an investment of nearly 10 million yuan, the first phase of the restoration project of sunI King's tomb has completed the protective restoration of stele pavilions, memorial archways, tombs, Shinto and other cultural relics; the second phase of the ongoing project will build a Brunei style park with strong Brunei regional characteristics and cultural landscape.

During the 600 years, though experiencing many twists and turns, the tomb of the king of sunI state was finally well protected. During this period, countless posterity made all kinds of efforts: in 1991, Yang Xinhua and Yang Jianhua brothers published the book "exploring the source of the tomb of the king of sunI state"; in August 1995, Nanjing municipal government sent people to send the copied tombstone and turtle to Brunei for permanent display in the national historical and cultural center of Brunei; in June 2001, the tomb of the king of sunI state, as the only foreign king's mausoleum in Nanjing, became the only one in China National key cultural relics protection units. 2005 is the 600th anniversary of Zheng He's voyages to the West. In this year, the Nanjing municipal government invited Professor Du Shunbao of Southeast University to make a plan to expand the tomb of King sunI. According to the historical records, it not only restored the original regulations, but also added a group of courtyard buildings with Islamic characteristics - China Brunei Friendship Museum. As a result, the site of King sunI's tomb has become a beautiful scenery in Nanjing and a witness of the friendship between the two countries.

Cultural relics

The tomb of King sunI faces south in the north, facing the pond and the shuangque of Niushou mountain in the front, surrounded by mountains in the East, West and North. It is really a "geomantic treasure land". In front of the mausoleum, there is a tortoise stele carrying the "tombstone of King Shuni gongshun".

Floating mud king cemetery has Brunei style, with Shinto, memorial archway, stele Pavilion and other landscape. On both sides of Shinto are a pair of stone horses, a pair of grooms, a pair of stone sheep, a pair of stone tigers, and a pair of soldiers. Its regulation is the same as the common Ming Dynasty meritorious official tomb.

In the middle of the entrance to the Shinto Road, a Shinto tablet, 8.95 meters high, 2.2 meters wide and 0.7 meters thick, is erected. The inscription is written by Hu Guang, a bachelor. On both sides of the Shinto behind the monument, there are stone horses and grooms, stone sheep, stone tigers, etc. There is a Shinto tablet in front of the tomb, and there is a tablet.

The cemetery is surrounded by thousands of trees of dozens of species, such as cedar, clove and Lagerstroemia. The Shinto from the main entrance of the mausoleum to the mausoleum is in an arc. On both sides of the Shinto are two opposite stone sculptures, solemn and solemn.

There is a Shinto tablet in front of the tomb of King sunI. The Shinto from the main entrance of the mausoleum to the mausoleum is in an arc. On both sides of the Shinto are two opposite stone sculptures, solemn and solemn.

protective measures

The tomb of King sunI was discovered in 1958, and later a remnant stele buried in the earth was found, which can make up for the lack of Ming history. The shape of the tomb is similar to that of Xu Da and Li Wenzhong. Now it has been renovated according to its original appearance. There are 12 stone carvings and the base site of the hall. The tomb is an important material for the friendship between China and foreign countries in ancient times.

In 2001, the tomb of King sunI was designated as a national key cultural relic protection unit. With an investment of nearly 10 million yuan, the first phase of the restoration project of sunI King's tomb has completed the protective restoration of stele pavilions, memorial archways, tombs, Shinto and other cultural relics; the second phase of the ongoing project will build a Brunei style park with strong Brunei regional characteristics and cultural landscape. Over the years, there have been many tourists to the tomb of King sunI, and Brunei has sent special people to pay homage to it many times.

In November 2003, Brunei ambassador to China Abdel Hamid and his wife also came to the tomb of King sunI and had a cultural exchange with historians. After the completion of Brunei style park, the sunI King Tomb scenic spot will become an important place for Nanjing to receive Southeast Asian tourists.

Cultural Activity

China's China China's first official ambassador to Brunei and Liu Xinsheng, vice mayor Xu Huiling, same as below, was visited by Princess Masna, who was the ambassador of Sultan's sister, Ministry of foreign affairs and trade in Nanjing, Brunei, in April 2006. He visited the tomb of the ancient cemetery in Yuhuatai District, Nanjing City, and unveiled the "China Brunei friendship Pavilion", which opened the 14 Chinese and Brunei countries in April 2006. The 15th anniversary of the establishment of diplomatic relations.

The year 2008 is the 600th anniversary of the death of manarangana. In 1408, the second Sultan of Brunei

Chinese PinYin : Fu Ni Guo Wang Mu