Yantou ancient village

Yantou ancient village

Yantou village is located in the West Bank of the middle reaches of Nanxi River, between Cangpo and Furong, 38 kilometers away from Yongjia County. Because it is located at the head of Furong three rocks, it is named Yantou. The village was built in the early Tang Dynasty. At present, there are more than 8000 residents. The layout of Yantou ancient village is a simple and quaint block type building complex surrounded by three entrances, two courtyards and four courtyards. It has long-term overall planning and detailed local planning, which is a valuable model in ancient village planning. In 1991, it was named as a famous historical and cultural town by the provincial government.

Historical evolution

Yantou village was built in the early Tang Dynasty. At the end of Song Dynasty and the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, Jin Anfu (1250-1318) moved here from the nearby West Lane of dangxi. During the reign of emperor Shizong of the Ming Dynasty (1522-1566), Jin yongpu, the eighth ancestor of the Ming Dynasty, conducted a comprehensive planning and construction.

Main gate and street

The main gate of Yantou village is the north gate, which is called "Ren Dao gate". On the west side of menli street is the grand ancestral hall of Jin family, facing south. In front of the ancestral hall is the Jinshi memorial archway, which was built for Jinzhao, a Jinshi of Yichou branch, given by Emperor Shizong of Ming Dynasty. The archway is 7.6 meters high, 9.9 meters wide and 2.4 meters deep, with three four column wooden buildings. This Jinshi archway is the largest of its kind in Nanxi River. The stone memorial archway of Xie's chastity built in the 13th year of Jiaqing (1808) of the Qing Dynasty is opposite to the main ancestral hall across the street. Rendaomen, dazongci, zhenzhenfang and Jinshi archway form the ritual center of Yantou. The east gate of Yantou village is called "xianyimen", and there is a street called "Hengjie", which crosses the village from xianyimen to the West. There are also two straight streets in the western section of Heng street, one is junshui street in the West and the other is central street. These streets are the main streets of Yantou village. There are alleys between them. They are narrow and straight. They all point to the nearby island. They are called "arrows".

Three into the courtyard of the house planning solemn, large-scale

Once upon a time, between Jinshi street, central street and junshui street, there were seven big houses with three entrances and two courtyards from south to north. Each axis is 48.3 meters apart, and the arrow is the passage between them. The distance between the streets is 55 meters, which is the total depth of the mansion. All the houses in the village face east. There are gates on the west side, back doors on the east side and canals on the east side. Jin yongpu presided over the construction of this large homestead, with strict planning and large scale, accounting for more than half of the area of the whole village. In 1862, a large number of houses, including these 21 buildings, were burned down due to Taiping army uprising and clan disputes. At present, nine of them can be seen in junshui street, central street, Guihua street and Huaqian street. Among the six buildings in junshui street, the lane is formed, and the corridor in the courtyard is still relatively complete. Junshui street and Xiama Lane also have a stone with a diameter of 76 cm.

Lishui Street

Lishui street, a commercial street with a total length of more than 300 meters and more than 90 storefronts, is built on the impounding dike at the east edge of the village. Each storefront is about 3 meters wide and 10 meters deep. It is a two-story building. A 2-2.5-meter-wide road will be vacated in front of the rows of shops. The roof is covered with eaves to protect pedestrians from the sun and rain. The impoundment dike was built in the Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty. At that time, the local clan stipulated that only flowers, trees and pavilions could be planted on the dike, and no houses were allowed to be built for business. In the Qing Dynasty, Yantou long dike became the only way for salt carriers. At the end of Qing Dynasty, Changdi developed into a commercial street.

At the south end of Lishui street is the South Gate of the village wall. There is Chengfeng Pavilion on the high steps beside the gate. Less than 50 meters away from the pavilion, there is also a Jieguan Pavilion (also known as Huating), with double eaves and top, simple and solemn. In front of Chengfeng Pavilion, there is a stone bridge across Lishui lake, which is called Lishui bridge. It was built in 1558, the 37th year of Jiajing reign of Ming Dynasty. It is composed of 48 stones, indicating that Yantou belongs to the 48th capital. Although the bridge has experienced more than 400 years of ups and downs, it is still as strong as ever.

Tahu Temple scenic spot

On the south side of Lishui street is the famous Tahu Temple scenic spot. A bay of green water surrounds Qinyu, a peninsula in the water. At the west end, there is a Tahu temple, which was first built in the Southern Song Dynasty and expanded in 1644, the first year of Shunzhi reign of the Qing Dynasty. Its facade faces east, with three entrances and two courtyards, and then a building. On the upper floor, there are worshippers such as Lu's zunshen and Yuan's Niang Niang. There is a stage outside Tahu temple, which is an independent building. Tahu Temple scenic spot includes lakes, islands, mountains, dikes, bridges, temples, buildings, pavilions, pavilions, towers, trees and plants, which are rich in content and changeable in landscape. It includes eight of Yantou village's "ten Jinshan sceneries": Changdi Chunxiao, Liqiao Guanhe, Qingzao Guanyu, Qinyu Liuying, Bifeng shucui, Shuiting Qiuyue, meandering huanbi and Tahu Yinyue. The garden in Yantou village embodies the landscape feelings and farming and reading ideals of rural scholars.

Shuiting Temple

At the south end of the central street in Yantou village, there is a Shuiting Temple founded by Jin yongpu. Its outer wall is 65 meters long from east to west and 25.4 meters wide from north to south. Now there is still a main hall. In front of the main hall is a large pool. There is a pavilion in the center of the pool. Now there is a stone slab base of 16 square meters. Shuiting Temple used to be the largest Academy in Nanxi River Basin. In the south of Tangshan, there is Wenfeng pagoda built at the same time as Shuiting temple. Standing in the water Pavilion of the academy and looking south, the shadow of the tower just shines in the pool, forming the Fengshui pattern of "writing with ink" pursued by Nanxijiang village. On the north side of Tahu temple, there is Wenchang Pavilion, which was founded in the first year of Qianlong (1736) of Qing Dynasty, on the foot of a canal separated from shuitingci Academy. Jin Guanzhen, the pioneer of Yongjia revolution, once built "Xishan first library" here. It was destroyed by wind disaster in 1958, and the site still exists.

The canal system of Yantou village is very scientific and complete. The starting point is shuangjuntou, one kilometer away from the north of the village.

geographical position

Address: located in the West Bank of the middle reaches of Nanxi River, between Cangpo and Furong

Longitude: 113.008401

Latitude: 28.191682

Chinese PinYin : Yan Tou Gu Cun