Jingyuan

Jingyuan

Jingyuan, located at 70 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, China (formerly miyao Road, Japanese concession), was founded in 1921. Jingyuan, originally known as Qianyuan, was the residence of Lu Zongyu, Minister of Beiyang Government in Japan. From July 1929 to November 1931, the last emperor Puyi lived here and changed his name to "Jingyuan", which means "watching the changes and waiting for the opportunity".

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General situation of Jingyuan

Jingyuan, located at No.70 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, China, was built in 1921, covering an area of about 3016 square meters and a construction area of about 1900 square meters. It is a historical building of special protection level in Tianjin and a cultural relic protection unit in Tianjin. Jingyuan was originally named Qianyuan. It was the residence of Lu Zongyu, the Minister of Beiyang Government in Japan. From July 1929 to November 1931, the last emperor Puyi lived here with empress Wanrong and Shufei Wenxiu. It was renamed "Jingyuan", which means "quietness to support my noble spirit". There is a brick and wood structure building in the park, which integrates Spanish style and Japanese style. It is a typical representative of courtyard style private residence in Tianjin concession period with lush vegetation and quiet and pleasant.

After Puyi moved out, Jingyuan changed its owner several times. After changes, it was used as an office building and a residence one after another. 600 square meters of illegal buildings were built in the courtyard and the building. Before sorting out, Jingyuan had become a veritable courtyard. On July 20, 2007, the renovated Jingyuan garden was opened to the public as a national AAA tourist attraction. It has won the titles of "China tourism brand charm scenic spot", Tianjin patriotism education base, national popular science education base and national youth civilization number.

Introduction to scenic spots

On the first floor of Jingyuan, the main dining room, small dining room, conference room, reception room and Wenxiu bedroom will be restored; on the second floor, the ancestral hall, the study and dormitory of Puyi and Wanrong will be restored. The interior decoration of the building is very particular. The main rooms are equipped with wall panels, closets, Bogu shelves, bookshelves, etc. the decoration styles are carefully selected according to the research of Puyi experts, so that tourists can experience the period of the last century. According to the original furnishings, the restored exhibits are mainly old furniture and ornaments from the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, which have the characteristics of the times at that time. The auxiliary display mainly includes objects related to Puyi and Jingyuan, as well as relevant text and photo materials, so as to show the whole process of Puyi's life and political activities in Tianjin.

According to the historical documents, pictures and expert research, and the in-depth excavation of the site, the staff formed the restoration scheme of Jingyuan Courtyard. The main part of the courtyard is paved with stone nails, and courtyard plants are planted around it to make it elegant and quiet. In the center of the courtyard, the fountain was restored to become the central landscape of the courtyard. Garden plants mainly retain the original plants, transplanted more than 10 kinds of ornamental trees, shrubs and flowers.

architectural style

The main building of Jingyuan has the characteristics of Japanese wooden architecture and the style of Spanish architecture. The structure and material selection of the door have typical Japanese characteristics, simple, natural and simple. However, its gentle slope roof, the use of tube tiles and interior details have obvious Spanish medieval architectural style.

Jingyuan Pavilion

Puyi Pavilion

In order to maximize the excavation, protection and utilization of the historical and humanistic value of Jingyuan, the company restored and imitated some indoor furniture and daily necessities, carried out research work with Jilin Academy of Social Sciences, analyzed and sorted thousands of historical pictures and 1.2 million words of literature and history data, completed the compilation of the exhibition materials of "the last emperor Puyi in Tianjin", and built a scientific research center It became Aixinjueluo Puyi exhibition hall.

Puyi is the only one who has left a large number of photos of his life among the Chinese emperors. With the theme of "twilight in the Forbidden City", "Jinmen's residence" and "after leaving the customs" as the theme, Puyi exhibition hall displays more than 100 precious pictures about Puyi in three parts.

Restoration of exhibition hall

In October 2005, under the leadership of Tianjin Municipal Bureau of land resources and housing, the "landscape management company" carried out the protective relocation and renovation of Jingyuan, which took more than 600 days to complete the restoration of Jingyuan. Jingyuan became the first historic building in accordance with the regulations of Tianjin Municipality on the protection of historic buildings.

Jingyuan restoration exhibition hall interprets the vicissitudes and splendor of Jingyuan from the aspects of Jingyuan and the former Japanese concession, historical evolution, architectural renovation and comparison between the present and the past.

In the renovation process of Jingyuan, on the one hand, advanced modern technology and materials are applied to the old buildings to reinforce and repair the dangerous old walls and components; on the other hand, the original house layout and building components are properly protected. The principle of "repair the old as before, safe and applicable" is fully explained.

History of Jingyuan

In 1924, Puyi was expelled from Beijing by Feng Yuxiang and came to Tianjin Zhangyuan. Five years later, he brought his Empress Wanrong and Shufei Wenxiu to live in Tongjie Qianyuan. Puyi later changed the name of Qianyuan to Jingyuan, which means "quietness to nourish my noble spirit". In Jingyuan, Puyi continued his absurd career as an emperor by "watching the changes and waiting for the opportunity". He stayed dormant and tried to restore the Qing Empire. After the September 18 Incident, Puyi's opportunity came. After a secret talk with Kenji tubihara, the head of Japanese secret service, in Jingyuan, he slipped out of the back door of Jingyuan on the evening of November 10, 1931, secretly left Tianjin and arrived in the northeast. With the help of the Japanese, he became emperor Kant of Manchukuo. After the last emperor left, Jingyuan became a real quiet garden.

After the founding of new China, Jingyuan was accepted by the people's government, and has become the office and living room of the Municipal Federation of trade unions and Tianjin daily. Huang Huoqing, a former chairman of the Consultative Conference of all walks of life in Tianjin, Gu Xiaobo, a former chairman of the Tianjin Federation of trade unions and Chinese ambassador to Sudan, and Sun Li, a famous contemporary writer who worked in Tianjin daily at that time, all lived here.

Introduction to Puyi

Puyi (1906-1967), the last emperor of Qing Dynasty and the puppet "Manchukuo" emperor. Aixinjueluo is the son of Prince Chun zaifeng. On November 14, 1908, Puyi, who was 3 years old, was made emperor, with the year name of "Xuantong". When the Republic of China was founded in 1912, Puyi, who had been on the throne for less than three years, was still living in the palace. On July 1, 1917, Puyi was invited by Zhang Xun to restore the monarchy and restore the year of Xuantong. 12 days later, with the failure of Zhang Xun, Puyi was forced to abdicate. In 1924, Feng Yuxiang and others launched a coup in Beijing and expelled him from the palace. After Puyi was forced to abdicate from the Forbidden City in November 1924, he first lived in Zhangyuan in the Japanese concession of Tianjin in February 1925, and then moved to Jingyuan in 1929. Jingyuan means "watching the changes" and "waiting for the opportunity". When the September 18th Incident broke out, Puyi even fancied that with the help of Japanese forces, he wanted to realize his old dream of restoring the Qing Dynasty. On October 3, senior colonel Kenji tohihara, who was then the spy chief of the Japanese garrison in Tianjin, paid a night visit to Jingyuan for secret talks. Tufeiyuan, who speaks fluent Chinese, asked Puyi to "arrive in Manchuria before the 16th in any case.". The next day, the news of the talks between Puyi and tufeiyuan appeared in Chinese newspapers. Moreover, in order to cover Puyi's departure, the Japanese army created the "Tianjin incident". In February 1925, Puyi was escorted by Japanese plainclothes police to the Japanese concession in Tianjin. After the September 18th Incident in 1931, Puyi went to the northeast. In March of the next year, he took power in the puppet "Manchukuo". In March of 1934, he was renamed the emperor of the puppet "Manchukuo Empire" and "Kant". After the unconditional surrender of Japan on August 15, 1945, Pu Yi was captured by the Soviet Army on the way to Japan on August 17, and was taken to Siberia for five years. In August 1950, he was handed over by the Soviet government to the Chinese government, and was successively detained in Harbin and Fushun for 10 years. On December 4, 1959, he was released by the Supreme People's Court of the people's Republic of China on the basis of an amnesty order. Later, he served as a Commissioner of the cultural and historical information committee of the CPPCC National Committee and a member of the Fourth National Committee of the Chinese people's Political Consultative Conference in 1964. He died in Beijing on October 17, 1967.

Restoration works

In August 2005, Jingyuan was designated as a special protection level historic building by Tianjin municipal government. In October of the same year, Tianjin historic buildings finishing Co., Ltd., the only state-owned company in charge of the relocation and arrangement of historic buildings in Tianjin, started the protective relocation of Jingyuan in accordance with the requirements of the regulations on the protection of historic buildings in Tianjin. In August 2006, a huge restoration project began.

On July 20, 2007, according to the principle of "repair as usual" and "safe and applicable", Jingyuan completed the overall restoration and officially opened to the public.

The restored Jingyuan not only maintains its old style and features, but also increases its functions. In addition to the scientific reinforcement of the roof truss, the original doors and windows, glass, small accessories, floor tiles and other undisturbed components of the building are also properly protected and restored. The fireplaces and wall lamps in the original conference hall of the main building have been carefully preserved. Several arches with the characteristics of Jingyuan garden have been completely repaired with old materials. The original Belgian imported glass has also been carefully cleaned to keep its original shape.

Chinese PinYin : Jing Yuan