Harmonious painted pottery Cultural Village

In a small village with less than 600 people, there are more than 40 "Mantou kilns", which preserve the original production process of pottery more than 3000 years ago, which is rare in China. What it carries here is the ancient Chinese pottery culture with a history of more than 3000 years.

An existing ancient kiln village, such a dense steamed bread shaped earth kiln, such a complete original production process, is still in production and continuation It is rare in China. For a time, the village attracted experts and professors from Tsinghua University and Tongji University. In their view, each "Mantou kiln" is like a cultural relic that has been growing in the ground for countless years, and the whole village is a "living fossil" of ancient Chinese pottery.

In the history of Wayao natural village, every household made pottery and fired tiles. At its peak, there were more than 100 earthen kilns. It is said that during the Qing Dynasty, a Hubei man came to the village to escape from famine. When he was poor and sick, the family surnamed Lu took him in and treated him. The people of Hubei were so grateful that they told the whole story of zushangnan's clay pot craft. Since then, the Lu family has been able to make not only simple architectural pottery tiles, but also more complex life pottery clay pot, medicine pot, charcoal stove, etc. The pottery industry of Lujia soon flourished. When the craft of Lu's clay pot was spread to the third generation, because there was only one daughter, it seemed that the craft would be lost. The Lu family began to "compete for marriage": they chose their son-in-law by competing to build kilns, so the family of Wang in the village became the inheritors of the Lu family's craftsmanship. Since then, the craft of clay pot gradually spread throughout the village. The living pottery of harmony village, through Qinghu water transportation and Xianxia ancient road, has entered every household in the surrounding rural areas of Jiangxi, Fujian and Zhejiang. By the 1960s and 1970s, harmony village had become the busiest and richest village in the country, and all the girls wanted to marry here.

At present, there are still more than 10 old potters in the village. They don't know much about the principles. They only know how to use a clay pot to boil water, hold water and decoct medicine, which is impossible for plastic and stainless steel products. Despite the poor management, their kilns are still full of fireworks.

Harmonious painted pottery Cultural Village

Located in the south of Qinghu street, 6 kilometers away from Jiangshan City, the harmonious painted pottery cultural village is composed of six natural villages, including Wayao, Shangen, Lujia, Houcun, pingtashan and fenshanlong. It is the first batch of "happy villages in China" named by Jiangshan municipal Party committee and municipal government in 2010.

General situation

Heme village is located in the south of Qinghu street, 10 kilometers away from Jiangshan City, with convenient transportation. Shilong line and new 46 provincial road pass through the village. With a total area of 10 square kilometers, it is composed of six natural villages, including Wayao, Shangen, Lujia, Houcun, pingtashan and fenshanlong. There are 38 villager groups in the village. As of August 2008, there are 960 households with 3061 people.

History and culture

Heme village has a long history and is an ancient historical and cultural village. There were human activities as early as the late Neolithic period. According to archaeological excavation, the Shang and Zhou Dynasty Yinwen pottery site was found in Mt. Huli. Harmony flourished in the Tang and Song Dynasties, and flourished in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. According to a preliminary investigation, the 1000 year old harmony section of Xianxia Ancient Road (harmony huayuangang → lujiatian → Shimen Zhaoming) is 1500 meters long. There is a stone memorial archway commemorating Lu He Jinshi in the Ming Dynasty, and a well carved stone filial piety archway in the Qing Dynasty There are also some cultural heritages of the Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China, such as ancient dwellings, Wang's hall and Lu's hall. The most cultural connotation is the harmonious earth kiln.

Harmony village began with the villagers surnamed Lu, and later moved in one after another. The surname Lu originated from Jinxi, Jiangxi Province, and was a descendant of Lu Xiangshan (Jiuyuan), a neo scholar of the Song Dynasty. According to the Lu's genealogy, in the early Ming Dynasty, the original name of harmony was xiamu, which was named after the ten generations of Lu's descendants who lived together According to Jiangshan county annals written by Tongzhi of the Qing Dynasty, in the fourth year of Yongle (1406) of the Ming Dynasty, he lived in the state of amity, supervised the censor, and patrolled all the nine years in China and abroad The capital is called "little iron face". At present, the village also preserves landing and "Xiuyi congma" Jinshi memorial archway. Its remnant is about 5 meters high, and above the 3-meter span beam is engraved with the inscription "Yongle bingxu Jinshi, Sichuan and Jiangxi xiuyiyijuma, Fujian and other imperial censors Lu Heli." Posterity praised Lu and "law enforcement without torsion, nine times of great prestige; * no party, a round moon," and "deer hole, lake, four, and Xiangshan heart mirror; Yi Yi horse, once the title of Xian Qin Wu Fu".

Harmony also had a village Lu Xian founded in the Ming Dynasty between the orthodox Jingtai Guanyin library. Now, in addition to the "Xiuyi congma" Jinshi memorial archway, the village still has the Lu family Xiaozhong ancestral hall built in the Qing Dynasty and the "Shuangjie Liufang" chastity memorial archway built in 1827.

It is said that the pottery making process in heme village originated from an old man who fled from the countryside. When Lu's clay pot making and tile making skills were spread to the third generation, because he had only one daughter, he could only choose his son-in-law to pass on the skills. In the village, the family surnamed Wang became the heir, and the craft spread throughout the village. In its heyday, more than 200 "Mantou kilns" were all over the village, and the products were sold to the province and neighboring areas. Therefore, harmony became one of the busiest and richest villages in Jiangshan at that time.

In the 1970s and 1980s, every family still built kilns and fired pottery. There are more than 60 well preserved "Mantou kilns" and more than 40 slow wheeled pottery carts in the village, which are rare in China. The Mantou kiln, which is made of mud bricks and is known as the living fossil of primitive pottery making process, is named after its appearance as steamed bread. It is generally two or three meters high and five or six meters wide. Each kiln also has two doors for pottery and ignition. The kiln body is divided into three or even four groups.

Today, although earthenware is no longer a necessity of people's life, and the scale production in heme village is no longer the same as before, a ceramic craftsman named Jiang Ziya broke the silence of ancient pottery village. He integrated Yangshao culture, Banpo culture, Majiayao culture and other elements into the original pottery making process, developed and produced antique colored pottery crafts, which injected fresh water into ancient pottery village Blood.

Characteristic industry

From ancient times to modern times, harmony village is famous for making clay pots and tiles in Fujian, Zhejiang and Jiangxi provinces. Through the investigation of the cultural heritage of heme village, it is found that heme village is rich in cultural relics and is an ancient kiln village mainly composed of earthenware kilns. In this village, there are 40 earthen kilns in the Qing Dynasty, and more than 100 kilns in the prosperous period. Such a dense steamed bread shaped earth kiln and its undelivered technological process are rare in China. The whole village is dominated by family workshops. Each family has built kilns to make pottery, leaving a large number of cultural heritage, maintaining the original appearance of the original ancient pottery village, which is a wonderful flower.

The products of harmony earth kiln are generally divided into three categories: one is red tile, stove, flower and fire. The other is black clay teapot, medicine pot, casserole, wine pot and other products. The third category is painted pottery, mainly antique products produced by harmony painted pottery factory, with dozens of products.

From the Qing Dynasty, ceramic industry flourished in the village. Until the 1970s, ceramic industry flourished in the village. At the peak, there were more than two kilns in each family. In 1960, the harmonious pottery factory was established. There were 47 people who specialized in pottery making. More than 10 kilns are still firing various products. An ancient pottery making process continues in harmony. It is the "living fossil" of porcelain making workshops.

An existing ancient kiln village, with so many earthen kilns and so complete original production process, is still in production and continuation, which has attracted the attention of all levels. The establishment of harmony painted pottery factory is the inheritance of pottery village culture. How to protect, develop and utilize harmony, a treasure of cultural heritage, deserves the support of all levels of society. How to use the ancient pottery village to drive the painted pottery industry and tourism industry, and how to make the painted pottery industry and tourism industry drive the development of earthenware village is a major issue in the current new rural construction

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Address: wajiao village, Hemu Town, Jiangshan City, Zhejiang Province

Longitude: 118.5776

Latitude: 28.624648

Traffic information: get off jianglangshan exit of Huangqu south section of Beijing Taiwan expressway, take provincial highway 46 and turn right to get there. Or starting from Jiangshan City, take Jianghe highway, turn left at the intersection of cement plant, cross Qinghu town and take Provincial Road 46.

Chinese PinYin : He Mu Cai Tao Wen Hua Cun