Zhou Yu's tomb

Located in Lujiang County.

Zhou Yu's tomb

Zhou Yu's tomb is located in Lucheng Town, Lujiang County, Hefei City, Anhui Province. It was built in the 15th year of Jian'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (210 AD). The cemetery is about 5 mu, about 8 feet high in the northern region. It has a seal but no surface. It is built on the flat ground with 3 × 6 × 12 small car shaped bricks of the Han Dynasty. The door of the tomb faces east. The tomb is surrounded by stone railings and a wooden hexagonal "Tan Xiao Pavilion" is built beside it. After thousands of years, the tombs collapsed, the pavilions collapsed, and the stone railings were destroyed.

Evolution of construction

In the seventh year of the Zhengtong reign of the Ming Dynasty (1442 AD), Peng Xu, the imperial censor of tixue, ordered the county magistrate huangjinlan to repair again, and set up a tablet of "the tomb of Zhou Gongjin, a famous general of Wu".

During the Xianfeng Period of the Qing Dynasty, the tomb site was destroyed again. In the 31 years of the Republic of China, Qin Zhenyuan, the commander of 526 regiment of 176 division of the GUI Department of the Kuomintang in Lu, excavated the tomb. Later, he rebuilt the tomb and built it into a platform. The round tomb was changed into a convex one, with three steps, cube and dome. The bottom steps are 10 meters long and the tomb is about 5 meters high. There are four stone lions in the four corners of the tomb. On the front of the tomb, there is a stone tablet named "Tomb of Zhou Gongjin, a famous general of Wu". Couplets are engraved on both sides of the tablet. The text says: "the bones and flesh of the king and his ministers are in the east of the river; the tombs of heroes and heroines are in the north of Anhui." On the second step, three stone inscriptions were erected: Qin Zhenyuan, commander of the Kuomintang garrison, sun Fu'an, commander of Jiangfang, and Xie Diandong, county magistrate. A pair of tall rectangular brick pillars were erected on both sides of the tomb, and a couplet was written on it: "the Red Cliff shows a magnificent picture, and the thirty meritorious men have been honored in the universe; the Jiacheng seals the horse hyena, and I'll make this wind two thousand years later."

This tomb is located in Mt. Guishan, meidunfan, Boliang Town, northwest of Susong. It was built in the 15th year of Jian'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (210 AD). After thousands of years, the tombs collapsed, the pavilions collapsed, and the stone railings were destroyed.

Before the founding of the people's Republic of China, the pillar had been destroyed.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, during the "Cultural Revolution", the surface steles were broken, leaving only decaying grass and barren hills.

In the 1960s, water conservancy was built and Zhou Yu's tomb sank into the huangdakou reservoir. According to Susong's Zhoushi genealogy, there are tombs in the old city and Songgui mountain, which is the old city of Chaohu. According to the records of Yuanhe county annals, there is the old city of Chaohu in the east of Xunyang county. The term "Xunyang" here refers to the ancient Xunyang, that is, the southwest of Huangmei. Twelve Li East of Xunyang county is sangluozhou. According to the Song Dynasty beginner Xu Xuan's qishengji, the epitaph of Mrs. Zhou's wife, the Grand Prince of Runan County, recorded that "the wife taboo a certain, the word a certain, Lujiang Shu people, after the Wu general Gongjin in the Three Kingdoms. Gongjin was buried in Susong, Shu, and now more than 100 families are worshipped by her descendants. From the "family" point of view, it can be seen that before the Tang Dynasty, the Zhou family had been guarding the tomb here. The tomb of Zhou Yu in Susong is the only place recorded in official history. In addition, according to the records of Zhou's visit biography, he visited his family to seek Yang, and then he visited the fourth generation. According to the genealogy of Di, Zhou Yu and Zhou visited just four generations. Probably many scholars believe that Zhou Yu is not the ancestor of Zhou's visit, and that his family seeks Yang. Historical records only say three generations, too much to become a family. We can see from the biography of Zhou Yu that "from Zujing". "Zuusun" in the biography of Zhou Dynasty. This also proves that historical records only record the relationship of characters within three generations.

Today's Tomb of Zhou Yu has sunk into huangdakou reservoir, which is a historical regret.

Cultural relics

Sangluozhou

In Chu Xue Ji written by Xu Jian of Tang Dynasty, "on the north side of Leizhou, there is Zhou Yu temple, above Shuzhou.". Here is Xu Jian quoting an article from shuijingzhu.

Other versions are mostly thunder water. According to the meaning of the article, it should be thunder water, otherwise it doesn't make sense, "river water to Leizhou", or it's the thought of two rivers converging, otherwise it's OK to talk about the North Bank of Leizhou directly. Therefore, this place should be mine water. According to the Tongdian, there is thunder water in Susong, and the river water is divided into nine schools from eling, which will be on the Jiezhou (sangluozhou) of this county. It can be said that the temple of Zhou Yu is in Susong, which should be sure. The Song Dynasty music history "Huanyuji" also quoted "shuijingzhu" this paragraph. However, he added a note "also call big thunder god" at the end, which is about Wangjiang in Shuzhou. Here, he may have regarded Dalai temple as Zhou Yu temple. One mistake he made in his textual research was that he used the Yangtze River in Song Dynasty to coincide with Leishui. Because he did not consider the phenomenon of the Yangtze River moving southward, he mistakenly thought that Dali temple was zhouyu temple. The Yangtze River in Song Dynasty was already in the south of sangluozhou. Where was the Yangtze River during the Three Kingdoms period? According to Yuan Hong's Fu on the eastern expedition of the Jin Dynasty, "Er Nai comes out of Sangluo, knows Sichuan, carries Pengze on his back, and faces Changquan." Changquan here refers to the Yangtze River. Because the Fu has to rhyme, it is changed from the river to the spring. The Tongchuan river is the Leishui river system, and the word "Hui" means that sangluozhou is surrounded by the Leishui river. Pengze is the present Hukou area. We can find that the Yangtze River during the Three Kingdoms period was to the north of sangluozhou. Because of the uncertainty of water, it is no longer one or two cases that the historical and geographical textual research is neglected. During the Wei, Jin and southern and Northern Dynasties, sangluozhou was basically the focus of war. Then we have to lock the time zone in the period from 210 to 280. Because Sangluo island is a small island, it is meaningless and valuable to build memorial buildings. Neither the government nor the people can build Memorial temples on the island, because Memorial temples are built in downtown areas. In this way, it is not difficult to judge the nature of Zhou Yu temple, which is Zhou Yu's tomb temple.

According to the biography of Tao Kan, "when he was young, he fished in Leize". With the means of transportation at that time, Tao Kan could not go 100 miles away to fish. This Leize should be near Xunyang. It shows that Zhou Yu's family is also looking for Yang Leize. This narrows the scope. According to the biography of Zhou Yu, there were two villages for Ma Bao, and palace pavilions. It shows that Zhou Yu stayed in Poyang Lake. According to the annals of the Three Kingdoms, Zhou Yu rushed back from Poyang Lake before the Chibi war. It shows that Zhou Yu has been in Poyang Lake for the past two years, and his family is also near Poyang Lake. Around 200 A.D., the ancient Poyang Lake was no more than Songmen mountain. Today's Poyang Lake was formed after the sinking of Xiaoyang county and Haihun county. At that time, there was another Xiaoyang County between Xingzi and Duchang. Naturally, it is impossible to garrison troops in the lake, but the only explanation is to garrison troops on the island near the lake.

In Li Daoyuan's shuijingzhu of the southern and Northern Dynasties, "on the north side of the river to the thunder water, there is zhouyu temple.". Because Shuijing Zhu is a book to annotate Shuijing. If we calculate according to the date of completion of Shuijing, it should be the period of Wei, Jin and Three Kingdoms, which is very close to the record of Zhou Yu's death. River water to thunder water is also in line with Xie Jin's poem. According to the latest calculation, the shuijingzhu was completed in the southern and Northern Dynasties, that is, around 450 A.D. because Li Daoyuan was born in the Northern Dynasties, the hydrological data of the south must refer to the works of the southern people. In this way, the latest completion date of the literature was about 300 years in the Jin Dynasty, and the possibility of building temples during the war was very small. Zhou Yu's home is in the old city of Chaohu. This is in line with the record in Susong's genealogy of Zhou family that "the people of Runan, the Duke of Yu, are in charge of Wujun, and they live in Lujiang Shucheng. There are tombs in the old city and Songgui mountain". This old city is definitely not Lujiang Shucheng, because it is very clear in the previous article that the native place is Runan, and they live in Lujiang Shucheng. Therefore, he should not mean hometown, and the Wudong genealogy in Jiangxi also has such a record that "Lujiang came first in Zhou Dynasty, and then his family moved to Shu Ziyu". It can be seen here that his family moved to Shu from the time of Zhou Yu. They are thousands of miles apart, but the records are consistent, which shows that they are facts. The old city here can be understood as an abandoned city. So this old city can only be the old city of Chaohu.

Zhou Yu ancestral hall

"Shu" in ancient Lujiang Shu refers to the place where Lujiang County is located. In the first year of Liang Tianjian, it was renamed Qian. In the Sui Dynasty, in the first year of kaihuang (581), Lujiang County was abandoned and Luzhou was established. In order to keep its old name, it was renamed Lujiang County. According to Susong's genealogy of the Zhou family, "there are tombs in the old city and Songgui mountain", which may be located in the east of Xunyang. According to shuijingzhu, it is not difficult to find that this site is on the north side of the confluence of sangluozhou and the ancient Yangtze River. Later, because sangluozhou (in today's Susong Huikou Town, Zhoutou Township along the river) collapsed, Zhou Yu's descendants moved Zhou Yu's tomb temple to Susong Guishan as early as before the Tang Dynasty. This is the origin of "both the ancient city and Songgui mountain have tombs". Note that in historical records, after the Sui Dynasty, it was called Susong, and the word "song" was used to represent it in the text. This way of recording was before the Sui Dynasty. Before Sui Dynasty, Susong was called Songzi. It can be seen that Zhou Yu's tomb was settled in Susong Guishan before the Sui Dynasty. Whether from time, literature, or historical research, are the most complete. The tomb of Zhou Yu in Susong is just one piece of proof. But throughout other Zhou Yu tombs, there is no Susong detailed. There are descendants of Zhou Yu guarding the tomb in Susong, which is the earliest recorded in literature. There are complete genealogical records and the most rigorous textual research. There are records in all dynasties, and the historical sites remain. The descendants of Zhou Yu still live beside the tomb. Zhou Yu is gone, the hero is no longer. Where is Zhou Yu's tomb? Zhou Yu's tomb was first buried in the old city of Chaohu in ancient Yangxun. Why was it buried in the old city of Chaohu? The main reason is that Zhou Yu's main military garrison was near Xunyang since the battle of Chibi. Yuan Hong clearly recorded that Zhou Yu stationed his troops in sangluozhou and built a city in sangluozhou, so the burial in the village was also in line with the historical situation and customs at that time. As for the record of "returning Wu after mourning and welcoming Wuhu", I think that "Wu" in this "returning Wu" should refer to the state of Wu, because when the author wrote the book of Wu, the state of Wu had been founded for more than 40 years. From the author's point of view, this "Wu" should mean the state of Wu. As for "welcoming Wuhu", it is estimated that it is meeting the spirit throne. The ancients said that they should welcome the spirit, but not the funeral. After Zhou Yu's tomb, due to natural disasters and war, he moved to Guishan, Susong, Anhui Province. The cause of Zhou Yu's tomb in Chaohu

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