SANZU Temple

SANZU Temple

synonym

SANZU Temple generally refers to SANZU temple

SANZU temple is located in gukou Fengxing mountain, 9 kilometers northwest of the buried hill city in Anhui Province, south of Dabie Mountain, covering an area of 7.04 square kilometers. SANZU temple was founded when Emperor Liang Wu of the Southern Dynasty. It was originally called Valley Temple. Later, it was named SANZU Temple because SANZU monk can lived here.

In SANZU temple, scholars such as Lin Bu, Wang Anshi, Su Dongpo, Huang Tingjian, Li Gonglin and Lu Zai wrote poems. There is a poem that says, "who is the first in the Zen forest, this place is the highest in Nanzhou.".

SANZU temple was listed as one of 142 important temples in Han nationality area by the State Council in 1982.

Historical evolution

In 465, a senior monk of Daolin temple in Jiankang (now Nanjing), he got Tianzhu Mountain and lived in a cave to practice meditation. He Qiu, he Dian and he Yin, the three brothers of Qianyi hermit, dedicated their private houses to Baozhi, which was originally named "Bodhi Temple".

In 520 A.D., Bodhidharma crossed the river to the north and passed by Bodhidharma temple. On the cliff, the Guanyin Pavilion (now known as Bodhidharma cliff) was chiseled.

In 536, Emperor Wudi of Liang Dynasty named it "Valley Temple".

In the second year of kaihuang (583) of the Sui Dynasty, after obtaining Huike's inheritance in sikongshan, Seng can formally stationed in xigugu Temple (SANZU Temple) in the tenth year of kaihuang (590) of Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty, studied the classics of "Xinxin Ming" and publicized the Sutra.

In 745, the fourth year of Emperor Xuanzong's Tianbao reign in Tang Dynasty, Shuzhou Biejia Li often took the real instrument of Seng can and cremated it. He got 300 pieces of relic and molded the statue of Seng can with 100 pieces of relic. He built the tower with his own salary and placed the statue in the South sinus of the tower base for worshiping by the broad masses of believers.

In the first year of Tang Ganyuan (758), Emperor Li Heng of suzong granted Gugu temple as "Ganyuan Temple of SANZU Gugu".

In 772, Li Yu, the emperor of Dai Zong, was given the title of "Jianzhi Zen master" and named the tower "Jueqi tower".

Tang Huichang five years (845), Wu Zong Li Yan ordered the country to destroy the Buddha, demolish the temple,. During this period, SANZU temple and jueji tower were destroyed and razed to the ground.

In the first year of Dazhong (847), SANZU temple and jueji tower were restored at the same time.

In 982, the seventh year of the Taiping reign of the Song Dynasty, Ke'E, a citizen of the city, dug out a stone inscription of "shengzuo Mianyuan" written by Shi Baozhi and presented it to the imperial court. Zhao Kuangyi, Taizong, named it "Ruishi" and sent an envoy to SANZU temple to express his thanks. He was named "Baogong" after his posthumous title, and was given the name of "Daolin Zhenjue Zen master".

In the sixth year of Tiansheng (1028), Empress Dowager Zhang Xianhuang decreed that Zhao Zhen, the emperor of Renzong, should live longer. He chose the valley temple of Tianzhu Mountain as the Taoist temple, bestowed Buddhist relic and built longevity pagoda.

From the first year of duzong Chengchun (1265) to the 19th year of YuanShiZu (1282). SANZU temple was destroyed again. Except for the jueji tower, all the others were burned. In the Yuan Dynasty, although the SANZU temple had some minor restoration, at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, another war of changing dynasties destroyed the SANZU temple again.

In the first year of emperor Hongxi of Mingren (1425), abbot monk Pu gathered at Chongxing temple gate, and the incense of SANZU temple was gradually restored.

During the Chenghua period of Xianzong (1465-1487), pan Jian of tufu donated his salary and ordered the monks Zhijun and Zhiwang to build new temples, which restored the appearance of SANZU temple.

Since the eighth year of Chongzhen (1635), Zhang Xianzhong led the peasant uprising troops to the buried hill several times to fight with the Ming government officers and soldiers. In this war, SANZU temple was seriously destroyed.

Since 1944, abbot Yue Hai and Yuan Hong Chao have advocated the construction of SANZU temple. By 1946, more than 70 courtyards, halls, Scripture towers, East and West squatters and jueji tower had been repaired.

geographical environment

geographical position

SANZU temple is located on gukou Fengxing mountain, 9 kilometers northwest of the buried hill city in Anhui Province, on the south foot of Dabie Mountain.

climate

SANZU Temple belongs to the north subtropical monsoon region, with an average annual temperature of 16.4 ℃, an average annual precipitation of 137 days and an average total sunshine of 1936.7 hours. It has mild climate, abundant rainfall, sufficient light and long frost free period. In winter, it is controlled by the monsoon climate in the northern edge of subtropical zone, with lower temperature and less rainfall; in summer, it is affected by the southeast monsoon climate, with higher temperature and more rainfall.

architectural composition

overview

SANZU temple is built in the north-south direction of Fengxing mountain, from Shanmen hall to jueji tower, covering an area of 7.04 square kilometers. The southernmost building is the Shanmen hall. From the Tongtian terrace to the Tianwang hall, and then to the north are the Daxiong hall, Qianfo hall, zushi hall and jueji tower.

Main buildings

Shanmen Hall

At the foot of SANZU mountain, Shanmen hall is composed of hall, ear room and squatter house. The hall is the main building of Shanmen hall, which is of pavilion type and brick wood concrete structure. The main hall is 11 meters wide and 7 meters deep, with three doors standing side by side. The main gate is named Prajna gate, the east gate is named extrication, and the west gate is named Jingjin gate. Above the lintel of the main gate, in front of the gate, there is a pair of 2.8-meter-high blue gray granite sitting lions. On the East and west sides of the hall, there is a 7.5-meter-high statue of "jinganglishi", commonly known as "hum" and "ha". Tongtian step is the stone level passage from Shanmen hall to Tianwang hall. The whole course is 60 steps, 2.5 meters wide, 15 meters vertical, and the slope is 30 degrees. According to the mountain potential, a trapezoidal flower bed is built, covering an area of more than 300 square meters. Four season flowers are planted in the bed.

Tianwang Hall

Tianwang hall is a hall dedicated to Maitreya Buddha, the four heavenly kings and the statues of Wei Tuo. It is one of the important halls of Buddhist temples in the Han area of China. Tianwang hall is a pure brick beamless structure with 6 corners and no beams in the inner dome, also known as the "hexagonal beamless hall". The roof is 12 meters high, the eaves is 8 meters high, and the East-West span and South-North depth are 8 meters. On the lintel of the hall, there is a gold plaque with a black background embedded in cement and frosted "Tianwang hall". The east wall of the hall gate is inlaid with a marble plaque of "Qianyuan Chan temple, a national key Temple" approved by the State Council on April 9, 1983; the west wall of the hall gate is also inlaid with marble tablets of "Buddha's light" and "virtue and Futian" presented by Wu Fuyu, a disciple of Huaiyi. The six ridges on the top of the hall are decorated with six dragons. In the temple of the heavenly king, on the altar in the middle, there is a bronze statue of Maitreya with a big belly, surrounded by four statues of the heavenly king which are 6 meters high. Standing on the back of Maitreya Buddha is the bronze Weituo statue, the God of Dharma protection of Sakyamuni.

 

main hall

The main hall of SANZU temple was built at the same time as the Tianwang hall. It began as Qianyuan Pavilion. In 1944, Yuehai, the abbot of SANZU temple, and Hongchao, the supervisor, rebuilt the worship hall in front of the pagoda into the main hall. The base of the main hall is 4 meters higher than that of the heavenly king hall. It is a Xieshan style hall with brick, wood and concrete structure. The ridge is 17 meters high, the eaves is 10 meters high, the East-West span is 25 meters, and the South-North depth is 17.5 meters. In the hall, there are 8 columns and 5 beams. The four walls are inlaid with Fang peach beams, and the four ridge peach beams are braced. Inlaid Fang and Tiao Liang, painted dragon, Phoenix, lion and other rare animals and exotic patterns. There are 4 main doors and 8 windows, all of which are engraved. On the lintel of the main entrance, there is a wooden plaque with gold characters on a black background written by Zhao Buchu. Inside the Danlong in front of the gate, there is a pair of 2-meter-high blue gray granite stone sculptures of sitting lions. An iron tripod was placed between the stone lions. Danlong is 25 meters wide from east to west and 8 meters deep from north to south. In the middle section of the south side, a concrete cantilever platform with a width of 4 meters is built to reach the back wall of the heavenly king hall. The East, West and south sides of Danlong are surrounded by white marble. The column is 1.2 meters high, with 22 columns. The column head and breast board are decorated with relief flower patterns. In the main hall of the hall, there is a white marble Buddha statue of Sakyamuni. The statue of Sakyamuni is on the right. It is a white marble statue dedicated to his disciples JIAYE and Ananda. In front of the statue of Sakyamuni, there is a bronze statue of Sakyamuni. Behind the statue of Sakyamuni is a large relief of "island fairy mountain". At the back of the main hall, the statues of Manjusri are divided into East and West. The floor of the main hall is paved with granite.

Thousand Buddha Hall

SANZU temple is one of the five main halls. It is a beamless building with brick, wood and concrete structure, with a construction area of 100 square meters, four corners, grey walls, white cracks and glazed yellow tiles. The top is 12 meters high and the eaves is 8 meters high. On the lintel of the hall, there is a plaque inlaid with cement and frosted imitation of Zhao Puchu's "Thousand Buddha Hall". On both sides of the hall door, there is a couplet of "SANZU Daochang reappears, thousands of flowers return with full load", which imitates Zhao Puchu's hand. An iron tripod was placed on the stone steps in front of the hall. On the altar 2 meters high in the center of the main hall, the first wooden gold statue of viluzana Buddha is worshipped. Among the more than 1000 small brick niches on the four walls of the hall, there are more than 1000 small ceramic gilt bronze Buddha statues, which form a group of "Thousand Buddhas marching toward Pilu" with the Buddha statues of piluzana. The statue of SANZU monk can was rebuilt. The phase wheel on the top of the tower is tied to the top 8 corners of the tower by 8 iron chains.

Ancestral hall

SANZU temple is one of the five main halls. This hall is a pavilion style building, with hard mountain and double eaves, two floors up and down. The upper level is the Sutra Pavilion, which contains more than 1000 volumes of "Dazangjing" and other classics. In the middle of the eaves of the upper floor, a wooden plaque with gold characters on black background, written by Zhao Puchu, is suspended. The lower level is the ancestral hall, which has three rooms and four columns. Carved patterns are engraved on the doors and windows. In front of the eaves of the two-story building

Chinese PinYin : San Zu Chan Si