Longjiang Academy

--Longjiang Academy was founded in 1840. It was built by the Hakka gentry in Ninggang, Lingxian and Chaling counties. It was also the highest institution of Hakka people in those three counties.

--The academy is back to wuhuling and faces Longjiang River, hence its name. The whole academy, divided into the middle, the front and the back, covers an area of more than 2000 square meters, with a total size of more than 100. There are 42 existing buildings of brick and wood structure.

--This is the site of the first meeting between Comrade Mao Zedong and Comrade Zhu De, as well as the site of the officer training team of the workers' and peasants' revolutionary army.

--This scenic spot is a little far away. Many cars don't pass here. If you want to go, please check the route ahead of time.

Longjiang Academy

Longjiang academy, located in Longshi Town, Jinggangshan City, Jiangxi Province, was founded in 1840 (the 20th year of Daoguang in Qing Dynasty). It was built with donations from the Hakka gentry in Ninggang, Lingxian and Chaling counties. It was the highest institution of Hakka people in those three counties. The Academy was founded in the spring of 1840 (the 20th year of Daoguang reign of the Qing Dynasty) and completed in the autumn of 1843 (the 23rd year of Daoguang reign of the Qing Dynasty). It is located in the lower reaches of the Longjiang River in the northwest of Longshi, Ninggang County, Jiangxi Province, with its back against wuhuling and facing the Longjiang river. The Academy got its name from Longjiang.

Introduction to the Academy

Longjiang Academy was built by donations from the gentry of Ninggang, Lingxian and Chaling counties. It is located in the lower reaches of Longjiang River, northwest of Longshi, Ninggang County, Jiangxi Province

It is a group of buildings with brick and wood mixed structure, bucket beam frame, fire sealing gable and yin-yang tile roof. It is composed of three groups: front and back, left, middle and right. It is symmetrically arranged along the central axis. It is 38.16 meters wide and 53.40 meters deep, covering an area of 2037.7 square meters. In the middle is the foyer, with a black painted and gilded wooden plaque of "Longjiang academy" hanging at the front of the gate, Mingdao hall as the teaching place, and Wenxing Pavilion as the entrance, which is connected by the patio in turn. There are qixiuzhai, zhenxizhai, jinxinzhai, Baogong temple, shufangzhai, tiyunzhai, buyuezhai and Chongwen temple in the corridor. In front of the Academy, the pan pool was built with stone strips, and a "Zhuangyuan bridge" was built over it. The architecture of the academy has a national architectural style, with carved hurdles and painted buildings, overhanging eaves and angles, nine wells and eighteen halls in yunei, and winding corridors; Wenxing Pavilion is three stories high, with bucket arches and overhanging eaves, which is magnificent and magnificent, and the top of the pavilion is decorated with double dragon and Pearl relief, which is lifelike.

According to Shangyi record of Longjiang academy, during the construction of the Academy, more than 100 mu of land and more than 1000 Dan of grain were transported by Hakka mountain people in the three counties. More than a stone at most, less than a fight. For the convenience of farming and rent releasing, the Lesuo farmers in Ninggang are mainly the Hakka farmers, while the Lesuo farmers in Chaling and Lingxian are mainly the ones who are willing to make money

.

The whole academy, divided into the middle, the front and the back, covers an area of more than 2000 square meters, with a total size of more than 100. There are 42 existing buildings of brick and wood structure. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the government repeatedly allocated funds to maintain the original condition.

Academy Management

Longjiang academy has a set of strict management system. It can be seen from the handed down articles of association of the academy that there are 20 regulations, including the head of the Academy, the gentleman sitting in the Bureau, the opening and closing time, the courses (official courses and teacher courses), the enrollment proportion and conditions of students, the food subsidy standard for students, the management of land rent, the affairs of the Academy, and the attendance of the county constitutional officials and gentry for examination. As for the memorial hall set up in the courtyard, it is stipulated that the place where the emperor is worshipped every year is "there must be a solid cultivation of Vaseline to be worshipped". Chongyi Memorial Hall must be "the one who donates more than 6 Dou to be worshipped". As for the one who has lost to the field, it is stipulated that "it is the same for the future generations to take exams and study all the time". As for the poor people who have not donated to the field, it is emphasized that "in the future, their families will be prosperous, and they will be allowed to donate according to their ability" . The Academy was well managed and rigorous in academic research, and regularly sent students to Luzhou, Yuzhang and other academies to study, which had a great influence and cultivated a large number of talents.

Historical evolution

In 1840, the Longjiang Academy was built with donations from the gentry of Ninggang, Lingxian and Chaling counties.

In mid November 1927, the workers' and peasants' Revolutionary Army established the first phase of officers' training team of the workers' and peasants' Revolutionary Army in Longjiang Academy.

At the end of April 1928, Comrade Mao Zedong and Comrade Zhu De met in Longjiang Academy.

The first party congress of the Fourth Army of the workers' and peasants' Revolutionary Army (later known as the Fourth Red Army) was held in Mingdao hall, the central hall of Longjiang Academy.

In March 1961, the State Council announced Longjiang academy as a national key cultural relics protection unit.

Academy and Chinese revolution

Witness the meeting of Zhu Mao

At the end of April 1928, some of the troops remaining from the Nanchang Uprising led by Comrade Zhu De and Chen Yi and the peasant army of southern Hunan came to Longshi to join forces with the autumn harvest uprising led by Comrade Mao Zedong. This is the famous "Jinggangshan meeting". At that time, the troops led by Zhu De and Chen Yi arrived in Longshi on April 25. On April 28, Mao Zedong, who was in charge of the cover task, also returned to Longshi. He heard that Zhu De and others lived in Longjiang Academy. He immediately led several cadres to meet with Comrade Zhu De at the gate of the Academy for the second time.

After that, everyone went to Wenxing Pavilion, the highest level of the Academy, and had a cordial conversation with Mao Zedong, Zhu De, Chen Yi, Wang Erzhuo, Zhang Ziqing, Cai Xiemin, he Tingying, Yuan Wencai, he Changgong, Hu Shaohai, Huang Kecheng, long Chaoqing, etc. Mao Zedong introduced the main situation of the Jinggangshan base area; Zhu De talked about the uprising in southern Hunan and the process of the army's transfer up the mountain. In a cordial atmosphere, we discussed the relevant matters after the two armies joined forces, and decided to hold a civil military celebration meeting on May 4.

Cradle of revolution

"Longjiang academy" is the cradle of military and political academies of the Chinese people's Liberation Army, which has cultivated a large number of excellent military and political talents for the armed separatist struggle between workers and peasants on the border of Hunan and Jiangxi.

In 1927, the Communist Party of China launched and led a series of armed uprisings in Nanchang, autumn harvest, Guangzhou and so on, which opened the prelude of armed resistance against the Kuomintang reactionaries, and the people's army was born. In October, Mao Zedong led the Autumn Harvest Uprising troops into Jinggangshan. In the middle of November of that year, Mao Zedong directed the establishment of the first Red Army training team in Longjiang Academy (i.e. the officer training team of the workers' and peasants' Revolutionary Army) to train junior officers and local armed cadres.

Among them, more than 60 workers and peasants from Ninggang, Yongxin, Lianhua and other counties, more than 30 grass-roots officers of the workers and peasants revolutionary army, and more than 100 students from the first phase. LV Chi is the leader of the training team. Yuan Yanfei and Huang Tianhua were full-time instructors. It is divided into four district teams, each with three classes. Chen Bojun, Chen Shigui, Zhang Lingbin and Wang Liang served as the team leader and instructor respectively. Mao Zedong himself served as a part-time teacher. The picture below shows the oil painting that Mao Zedong taught for the students. This training team was originally planned to run for three months, but due to the development of the struggle situation, it was only run for more than two months, that is, after the battle in the new town, it was finished. After returning to various places, the students actively participated in various struggles in the base areas and played a great role in developing the armed separatist regime of workers and peasants in the border areas. Up to now, there are still two slogans written by the students on the wall of the front building of the college.

Site of the Party Congress of the Fourth Red Army

The first party congress of the Fourth Army of the workers' and peasants' Revolutionary Army (later known as the Fourth Red Army) was held in Mingdao hall, the central hall of Longjiang Academy. At the end of April 1928, the first Congress of the Party of the four armed forces was held in order to strengthen the unified leadership and command of the two revolutionary armed forces after the victory of the two armies. More than 100 cadres at or above company level attended the meeting. Mao Zedong, Zhu De, Wang Erzhuo and other comrades spoke. The meeting decided: 1. In accordance with the instructions of the South Hunan special committee on "the joint compilation of Zhu and Mao ministries", the Fourth Army of the workers' and peasants' Revolutionary Army (later known as the Fourth Red Army) was established, and cadres above company level were appointed. 2、 Committees of party representatives and soldiers at all levels shall be set up in the Fourth Army. 3、 The Fourth Military Commission was elected with Mao Zedong as its secretary. 4、 On May 4, a meeting was held to celebrate the founding of the Fourth Army of the Chinese workers' and peasants' revolutionary army.

Address: Jinggangshan Longshi scenic area, Longshi Town, Jinggangshan City, Ji'an City (under wuhuling on the Bank of Longjiang River)

Longitude: 113.95202636719

Latitude: 26.706596374512

Tour time: 30 minutes

Transportation information: it is located in Jinggangshan scenic area. Take a line a sightseeing bus to Longjiang Academy.

Ticket information: included in Jinggangshan scenic spot ticket

Chinese PinYin : Long Jiang Shu Yuan