Wuguocheng site

Wuguocheng site

The five kingdoms city site is also known as the zuojing guantian site. Located in the northwest of Yilan County, covering an area of 38000 square meters, it is a provincial cultural relics protection unit. It is close to Mudanjiang River in the West and woken River in the East.

Relevant information

In the 10th century AD, the "shengnvzhenren" distributed along the Songhua River and the Heilongjiang River below Yilan formed five famous tribes, namely "Kaili, pennuri, orimi, yuelidu and yueliji", which were known as the five kingdoms. The garrison position of yueliji is the most western, and it is also called the League City of the five kingdoms, so it is also called the city head of the five kingdoms.

In Liao Dynasty, shengnvzhen built five big cities along the lower reaches of Songhua River to the mouth of Wusuli River, which are the famous five kingdoms in history. Yilan is yueliji City, the first city of the five kingdoms, which is the city of alliance of the five kingdoms, so it is called the first city of the five kingdoms. After the destruction of the Northern Song Dynasty in 1127, Emperor Huizong and Emperor qinzong were escorted back to the north. In July 1130, they arrived in the city of five countries and were imprisoned in the city. In 1135 and 1155, Emperor Hui and Emperor Qin died one after another and buried their bones here.

historical background

In 1037, the Liao Dynasty appointed Khitan as the chieftain of the Three Kingdoms and ruled directly according to the accusation of the yueliji tribe. Wuguotou city became an important military town in Liao Dynasty. In 1127, the Jin army captured Bianliang (now Kaifeng City), the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty. The two emperors, Hui and Qin, were taken captive and were initially detained in the capital of the upper Jin Dynasty (now Baicheng, Acheng City, Heilongjiang Province), where they were later imprisoned.

In 1126 ad, the nvzhenren of northern China went south and Bianjing was occupied. Emperor Zhao Huan, who had just been on the throne for a year, had to lead all the officials to surrender. This is the famous "Jingkang difficulty" in history. In April of the next year, the Jin soldiers escorted Xie Hui, Qin Er Di, more than 1000 followers, gold, silver and jewelry to the north. In July of the next year, some of them came to Zhongjing and moved to Beijing (now baichengzi, Acheng District, Harbin City, Heilongjiang Province). Emperor Taizong of Jin called Hui and Emperor Qin in front of him, and granted Huizong the title of hundegong and Emperor Qin the title of chonghunhou. In December of the same year, the two emperors were distributed from Shangjing to Hanzhou (today's Bamiancheng, Changtu, Liaoning). In July 1130, the Jin soldiers escorted the two emperors down from the upper reaches of the Songhua River by boat. 46 days later, they arrived at Yilan, the capital of the five countries, and were imprisoned.

As for the story of emperor Hui and Emperor Qin of the Northern Song Dynasty, the so-called "watching heaven from a well" was just used by the ancients to describe the miserable scene of being imprisoned. "Well" refers to the courtyard heart of siheyuan. Wuguocheng site was designated as a provincial cultural relic protection unit by Heilongjiang provincial government in 1981.

geographical distribution

It is located on the South Bank of Songhua River in the north of Yilan County. It is close to Mudanjiang River in the West and woken River in the East. Lahafu mountain (commonly known as Xishan) and wokenhada mountain (commonly known as Dongshan) are the East-West barriers, known as the "gateway of Songhua River". In the 10th century, the "shengnvzhenren" distributed along the Songhua River and the Heilongjiang River below Yilan formed five famous tribes, namely "Kaili, pennuri, orimi, yuelidu and yueliji" (Liao History Volume 33). The garrison position of yueliji is the most western, and it is also called the League City of the five kingdoms, so it is also called the city head of the five kingdoms.

The site of the city is rectangular, 2210m in circumference, rammed with walls and 3M in height. According to the records of Liao history geography, the five kingdoms were attached by Liao emperor Shengzong, who said that they were appointed to live in the local area and the northeast of the town. At that time, in addition to appointing "chieftains" of each ministry to be responsible for the affairs of the Ministry, Liao Dynasty also sent a governor to stay in the area.

Address: Yilan Town, Yilan County, Heilongjiang Province

Longitude: 129.56421874439

Latitude: 46.319104176521

Chinese PinYin : Wu Guo Cheng Yi Zhi