Sports Park

Sports Park

This entry is compiled and applied by "popular science China" Science Encyclopedia

to examine

.

Sports Park refers to a specialized park with relatively complete sports and fitness facilities for all kinds of competitions, training and daily leisure fitness and sports of the public. Most cities in China only have one sports park. Developed countries in Europe and the United States generally have perfect sports parks and sports venues at all levels.

Quick navigation

Panorama

development

Since ancient times, there has been a close relationship between sports and greening. The ancient Greeks believed that only physical exercise in the natural environment can have a beneficial effect on people's intelligence and physical development. In the early days, people built the sports ground near a large green space or directly on the grassland. Later, it gradually developed to set up a small piece of land from the densely built city center to set up sports facilities for residents to have outdoor recreation in the natural environment.

The concept of modern sports park was put forward in the 1990s. In fact, the developed countries began to try to build sports park in the 1930s and 1940s, and formed a certain scale in Europe.

The concept of sports park has gone through a process of development and evolution. The United States, Canada and other North American countries initially set up parks in the city, with the intention of introducing the rural landscape into the city, beautifying the urban environment, and making the park become the breathing space of the city. In the early days, the park only provided passive entertainment for viewing, and people were not allowed to play, play and exercise in the park. They were not allowed to walk or lie on the grass. Later, around 1900, amusement parks, outdoor gymnasiums, stadiums and other sports facilities began to appear in the originally designed recreation park. In this way, the combination of natural landscape and sports facilities has become a new concept of the city park and leisure system. After the initial development of a variety of sports and recreation parks. Subsequently, the concept of sports park gradually developed in European and American countries at the end of the 20th century, which has dual functions of driving the local economy and increasing residents' sports fitness. Gorohov and Lenz believe that the sports park is located in the picturesque garden space, and its sports facilities, sports grounds, sports training activities, sports performances, competitive competitions and health care activities held in these venues will attract urban residents to come here for rest.

Design principles

The sports park integrates the green space and the sports place organically. It not only creates a beautiful and rich natural landscape, but also builds a sports fitness site. The planning and design of sports park should develop to the direction of ecological green space integrating various activities, emphasizing the diversity of activities and rich content, so as to maintain the physical and mental health of residents and regenerate the high development of nature, and make the relationship between human and nature more harmonious.

(1) The theme should be highlighted

Sports park is based on physical exercise, all other services, facilities, environment are carried out as the center, and make full use of it in all seasons of the year. Therefore, indoor and outdoor facilities should be combined.

(2) Universal design

It means universal, whole and common. Meet the needs of users of all ages, especially preschool children, the elderly and the disabled.

(3) Scientific and operational principles

For the purpose of mass fitness, scientific fitness, reasonable fees and convenient management should be achieved. And it should create good conditions for sports competition, training, rest and cultural and educational activities.

(4) Safety principle

Sports park is a place for sports, compared with the general park, safety is particularly important. First of all, medical facilities should be comprehensive and medical staff should be professional in case of emergency. Secondly, sports facilities should be inspected and repaired frequently, and those that can no longer be used must be replaced in time. Those that cannot be replaced for the time being should have obvious warning signs. Thirdly, we should consider the reasonable scale and even special design for children, the elderly and the disabled, but we should not set it in isolation. Instead, we should integrate with normal users and achieve humanized design. Finally, the materials should be environment-friendly and sanitary, and can be used as waste to attract activists.

(5) Technical principle

It is required to be equipped with professional exercise facilities and special fitness coaches, and make exercise plans for each participant to meet their own needs.

classification

1. Classification according to service scope

1. Community Sports Park

The service object is the residents of the community and surrounding areas, with a certain number of sports facilities, which can hold district and municipal sports events, such as Fangzhuang Sports Park in Beijing.

2. Municipal comprehensive sports park

It mainly serves the citizens of the whole city and covers a large area and service radius. The park has perfect sports facilities and outdoor activities, which can undertake large-scale sports events and performances. According to the actual situation, several municipal comprehensive sports parks can be set up in big cities, and one or two can be set up in medium-sized cities, such as Xi'an City Sports Park and Hangzhou North sports park.

2. Classification by source

1. Sports park built to undertake large-scale events

This kind of park provides a competition environment for athletes and is open to residents after the competition. Due to the need to undertake large-scale sports events, the area is relatively large and the facilities are relatively complete. For example, the Olympic Park built for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games and the Wuhan Tazihu sports park built for the Sixth National City Games.

2. Sports park directly transformed from sports center

Almost every city in China has its own gymnasium or sports center, and the sports park transformed from it is more common. For example, Tianhe Sports Park in Guangzhou, Xiamen Sports Center, etc.

3. Sports Park specially built for mass sports activities

This kind of park is mainly for the public to provide sports, leisure, fitness places, but also can take into account some competitions, such as Beijing Qinghe Sports Culture Park, Nanhai National Fitness Sports Park, Foshan City, Guangdong Province.

3. Classification by subject

1. Take desert sports as the theme

Desert sports is a kind of new sports, which is based on desert and evolved from conventional sports. It can run, jump, kick and play in the desert. It is an exciting, thrilling, interesting and leisure sport. For example, in the desert Sports Park in Taole County of Ningxia, tourists can carry out desert paragliding, cross-country motorcycle race, beach volleyball and other sports in the desert.

2. Water projects as the theme

This is a kind of common theme park in China, which usually combines water to carry out various sports activities, such as swimming, water skiing, boating, motorboat, etc., such as Xiamen Guanyin Mountain Park.

3. Take the forest project as the theme

It can mainly carry out outdoor rock climbing, forest cross-country kart, air adventure maze, cross-country mountain bike, forest climbing and other sports and leisure projects, such as Geleshan Forest Sports Park, which is known as natural oxygen bar in Chongqing.

4. Beach project as the theme

This kind of park is located in coastal areas. Generally, the beach with good protection and excellent environment is selected to carry out surfing, beach volleyball, beach motorcycle and other sports activities, such as Beihai Yintan Sports Park in Guangxi.

5. Take mountain leisure project as the theme

It is a sports theme park integrating nature, ecology and sports. It combines mountain natural landscape with professional sports facilities, gathering two functions of "Sports" and "Park". For example, Shenzhen Xian Tong Sports Park, located at the southern foot of Wutong Mountain national scenic spot, has built professional standard badminton courts, table tennis courts, soccer fields, tennis courts, basketball courts and rock climbing facilities.

6. Take comprehensive projects as the theme

A comprehensive sports park integrating fitness, competition, entertainment and commerce can carry out basketball, gateball, tennis, youth football, children's cycling and other sports, such as Guangzhou Olympic (Sports) park and Wuhan sports center.

function

Sports Park integrates the functions of physical exercise, recreation and ecological environment improvement, which can effectively improve the utilization rate of urban space and promote the improvement of residents' quality of life. It has the following functions.

1. Social function

The beautiful natural environment makes people feel relaxed and happy. Active physical exercise can help people relieve work pressure, strengthen their physique, expand communication and enhance emotional communication. Therefore, the emergence of sports park is suitable for the needs of modern big cities. It goes beyond the function of general parks, organically combines green space with sports, and also provides more opportunities for citizens to participate in sports activities.

The construction of Sports Park reallocates the sports resources of city and community, enlivens the existing sports facilities, constantly attracts more people to participate in fitness activities, and objectively reduces the occurrence of social instability factors. At the same time, sports park is an important carrier of city sports culture, which plays an indispensable role in shaping city image and expressing city culture.

2. Economic function

Through the construction of Sports Park, the city sports industry and stadiums can be re integrated, the effective use of urban resources can be strengthened, and the city function can be promoted, so as to promote the development of sports industry

Chinese PinYin : Ti Yu Gong Yuan