Baihebao reservoir

Baihebao reservoir

Baihebao reservoir is located in the north of Xiangying Township, Yanqing County. It gets its name from the Ming Dynasty fortress Jinganbao. Because Jinganbao guards the Baihe gorge, it is commonly known as Baihebao. Baihebao reservoir is the fifth largest reservoir and the highest reservoir (560 meters) in Beijing. It is 30 kilometers away from Yanqing County. It is located on the main stream of Baihe River and connects with Chicheng County in Hebei Province in the northwest.

Basic information

Baihebao reservoir is located in the northeast of Yanqing County in the upper reaches of Baihe River, 110 kilometers away from Beijing city and 30 kilometers away from Yanqing County. The project started on September 6, 1970 and was completed in 1983. The control basin area of the reservoir (below Yunzhou reservoir) is 2657 square kilometers, and the total designed storage capacity is 90.6 million cubic meters. Design for a century and check for a thousand years. The main buildings are dam, spillway, water conveyance tunnel, spillway tunnel, North and South Main Canal, etc.

Baihe River is the main transit River in the northern mountainous area. The length of the river in the county is 55 kilometers, and the drainage area is 828.1 square kilometers. The larger tributaries are Heihe River, hongqidian River and Caishi river.

Baihe Grand Canyon is a rare mountain canyon landscape in Beijing. In winter, the mountain on the left side of the road is covered with ice and snow. You can also see the ice waterfall. The White River is frozen, like a white dragon winding in the canyon. The scenery is very strange.

Historical evolution

Baihepu reservoir irrigation area was built in 1976 and completed in 1990. There are four main canals in the irrigation area, with a total length of 92.12 km and a total irrigation area of 324000 mu. Among them, the South Main Canal is 53.75 km long, with a controlled irrigation area of 240000 mu; the North Main Canal is 24.64 km long, with a controlled irrigation area of 84000 mu; the Ming Tombs water supply canal is 6.33 km long, and the Guanting reservoir water supply canal is 7.4 km long. Main structures of main canal: 73 flood control and discharge gates; 7 tunnels, with a total length of 1551m; 24 aqueducts, with a total length of 4957m. Every year, it provides irrigation water of 30-40 million cubic meters to Sichuan District of Yanqing County, and replenishes 120 million cubic meters to Guanting reservoir and Shisanling reservoir.

A total of 82 branch canals are planned to be built in the irrigation area to control the irrigation area of 210000 mu, 47 pumping stations to control the irrigation area of 92000 mu, and mobile pumping stations to control the irrigation area of 22000 mu. There are 55 operational branch canals, 8 pumping stations have been built, and the irrigation area is 179000 mu. Since 1996, the main canal has been reconstructed. There are 65 branch canal gates (closed gates) in the irrigation area, and the length of the main canal is 34 km. Ensure the effective use of irrigation water.

In the Ming Dynasty, there was a fortress, Jing'an fort, guarding the Baihe Valley, so it was called Baihe fort. The average temperature in summer is 20 ℃. It is the fifth largest reservoir and the highest reservoir in Beijing.

The reservoir leads the water from Baihe River to the front of the mountain through a 7090 meter water conveyance tunnel, providing water for the economic and social development of yanqingchuan District, and supplying water to Guanting reservoir and Shisanling reservoir at the same time. It is an important water conservancy hub for cross basin communication of Guanting and Miyun water systems and allocation of water resources. In 2002, Baihebao reservoir supplied 59.99 million cubic meters of water for Guanting and Ming Tombs reservoirs. The county uses 124 million cubic meters of water, including 112 million cubic meters of agricultural water, 3.5 million cubic meters of industrial water and 8.37 million cubic meters of urban domestic water. Since its establishment, the reservoir has supplied 1.7 billion cubic meters of water to Guanting reservoir, 300 million cubic meters of water to Shisanling reservoir, 100 million kilowatt hours of power generation and 370 million cubic meters of water for agricultural irrigation in Yanqing. Due to successive years of drought, Beijing has become a city with serious water shortage in the world. Yanqing is located in the upper wind and upper water of Beijing. As an important water source of Beijing, in order to ensure the normal living water of Beijing citizens, Baihebao reservoir has been responsible for the important task of water supply to Miyun Reservoir since 2003. By June 2007, it has delivered water to Miyun reservoir for 10 times, with a total amount of 483 million cubic meters.

With the decrease of rainfall year by year, the inflow of Baihebao reservoir is less than expected. Due to successive years of drought, the groundwater level has shown a downward trend.

In order to better protect the water quality of the upper reaches of the reservoir, water source protection and greening projects have been implemented in the upper reaches of the reservoir. Since the establishment of the reservoir, more than 200000 trees have been planted. In 2004, aiming at the problems of mechanical failure and circuit aging of mechanical and electrical equipment, the dam crest was reinforced; the spillway gate, electrical equipment and machine room were repaired and reconstructed; the regulating pool gate was updated; the spillway tunnel was repaired and reconstructed in 2005; the flood regulation and storage capacity of the reservoir was improved, which is conducive to ensuring the flood safety of the reservoir. In 2005, he and Chicheng County of Hebei Province jointly constructed the water source protection project of Baihebao reservoir, controlling soil erosion area of 25.03 square kilometers.

In the future, we will strengthen the reservoir management, update the operation equipment, and do a good job in water source protection, so as to make it play a better role.

ecological environment

The problems in the development and utilization of water resources are as follows: the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources is increasing with the development of economy and society; the management of water resources is backward and the waste of water resources is serious; the pollution of water environment is becoming more and more serious and the ecological environment is deteriorating.

In order to create a harmonious and livable ecological Yanqing, and to better protect the water quality of the upper reaches of the reservoir, Yanqing Water Bureau decided to implement water source protection and greening projects in the upper reaches of the reservoir, such as closing the river for grass cultivation, ecological water conservation, wetland construction, natural restoration and other projects, so as to improve the ecological environment of the Baihe River and its surrounding areas.

From September 1, 2006 to October 5, 2007, the comprehensive construction project of ecological environment in Baihe River and its surrounding areas was officially started. The construction of afforestation for soil and water conservation, closing and harnessing of hillside and slope toe, road greening in reservoir area, reservoir area and other projects were completed, so as to restore vegetation in water source area and improve water quality of reservoir and environment in surrounding areas. The aquatic plants planted on both sides of the Baihe River and the Heihe River have been completed to form wetlands, so as to achieve the goal of closing the river for grass cultivation, restoring wetlands, ecological pollution, improving the water quality of the Miyun reservoir, and improving the water environment of the river. Complete the planting of soil and water conservation forest in the middle and far mountain areas on both sides of Baihe River, Heihe River and hongqidian River, and improve the surrounding environment of water sources.

It's everyone's responsibility to maintain the livable environment and build a harmonious ecological environment!

Traffic information

Self driving route

Jingchang Expressway passes out of Changping Xiguan and goes straight to the direction of Ming Tombs. Turn left at Changling intersection (Yongning direction) - Yanqing Yongning liubinbao silicified wood National Geopark intersection (liugan Road) and cross the bridge. There is a road sign in front of it, which goes left to Yanshan Tianchi and left to Baihebao reservoir.

Route arrangement of Baili Gallery self driving tour around Baihe Canyon:

During the 380 km self driving journey, the scenery is mainly concentrated in the reservoir, inside the canyon and along the canyon.

Driving route: Beijing → Badaling Expressway → Yanqing exit → Yanqing Nanguan Huandao (to Zhangjiakou direction) → National Highway 110 left turn (to Zhangjiakou direction) → Longqingxia intersection (to Longqingxia direction) → Longqingxia (to old county direction) → old county (to Chicheng direction) → Baihebao reservoir → about 500 meters ahead there is intersection (to Chicheng direction and Luanping direction) → Luanping direction into Canyon → Geopark → Tanghekou turn right → 5 km to sihetang intersection (turn left to Miyun) → above the canyon → the first bend of Jingdong → block the road (return from the original road) → sihetang intersection (to Huairou direction) → Yunmeng Mountain → Huairou → Beijing.

Accommodation recommendation

There is a Tianchi hotel next to the dam of the reservoir, where we stay at night. The next morning, you might as well go to the dock like a local, and soon a small wooden boat came - Congratulations, you can eat the freshest authentic reservoir fish!

Food recommendation

In the hotel beside the reservoir or "farmhouse", you must order a reservoir fish, or stewed or fried, fresh is delicious. There are fresh mushrooms, wild vegetables, firewood eggs, enough to make your stomach clean and refreshing.

In addition, Baihe gorge tourism base can provide simple farm food, such as Chai duck eggs, wild vegetables and local river fish. His family's roll is very popular. It has strong wheat flavor and no baking powder. It's very real.

Address: upper reaches of Baihe River, Yanqing County

Longitude: 116.180256

Latitude: 40.646559

Chinese PinYin : Bai He Bao Shui Ku